diff --git a/homeassistant/components/file_upload/__init__.py b/homeassistant/components/file_upload/__init__.py
index 9f548e14459..73f8465b1df 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/file_upload/__init__.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/file_upload/__init__.py
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ from pathlib import Path
 import shutil
 import tempfile
 
-from aiohttp import web
+from aiohttp import BodyPartReader, web
+import janus
 import voluptuous as vol
 
 from homeassistant.components.http import HomeAssistantView
@@ -22,9 +23,8 @@ from homeassistant.util.ulid import ulid_hex
 
 DOMAIN = "file_upload"
 
-# If increased, change upload view to streaming
-# https://docs.aiohttp.org/en/stable/web_quickstart.html#file-uploads
-MAX_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 10
+ONE_MEGABYTE = 1024 * 1024
+MAX_SIZE = 100 * ONE_MEGABYTE
 TEMP_DIR_NAME = f"home-assistant-{DOMAIN}"
 
 
@@ -126,14 +126,18 @@ class FileUploadView(HomeAssistantView):
         # Increase max payload
         request._client_max_size = MAX_SIZE  # pylint: disable=protected-access
 
-        data = await request.post()
-        file_field = data.get("file")
+        reader = await request.multipart()
+        file_field_reader = await reader.next()
 
-        if not isinstance(file_field, web.FileField):
+        if (
+            not isinstance(file_field_reader, BodyPartReader)
+            or file_field_reader.name != "file"
+            or file_field_reader.filename is None
+        ):
             raise vol.Invalid("Expected a file")
 
         try:
-            raise_if_invalid_filename(file_field.filename)
+            raise_if_invalid_filename(file_field_reader.filename)
         except ValueError as err:
             raise web.HTTPBadRequest from err
 
@@ -145,19 +149,39 @@ class FileUploadView(HomeAssistantView):
 
         file_upload_data: FileUploadData = hass.data[DOMAIN]
         file_dir = file_upload_data.file_dir(file_id)
+        queue: janus.Queue[bytes | None] = janus.Queue()
 
-        def _sync_work() -> None:
+        def _sync_queue_consumer(
+            sync_q: janus.SyncQueue[bytes | None], _file_name: str
+        ) -> None:
             file_dir.mkdir()
+            with (file_dir / _file_name).open("wb") as file_handle:
+                while True:
+                    _chunk = sync_q.get()
+                    if _chunk is None:
+                        break
 
-            # MyPy forgets about the isinstance check because we're in a function scope
-            assert isinstance(file_field, web.FileField)
+                    file_handle.write(_chunk)
+                    sync_q.task_done()
 
-            with (file_dir / file_field.filename).open("wb") as target_fileobj:
-                shutil.copyfileobj(file_field.file, target_fileobj)
+        fut: asyncio.Future[None] | None = None
+        try:
+            fut = hass.async_add_executor_job(
+                _sync_queue_consumer,
+                queue.sync_q,
+                file_field_reader.filename,
+            )
 
-        await hass.async_add_executor_job(_sync_work)
+            while chunk := await file_field_reader.read_chunk(ONE_MEGABYTE):
+                queue.async_q.put_nowait(chunk)
+                if queue.async_q.qsize() > 5:  # Allow up to 5 MB buffer size
+                    await queue.async_q.join()
+            queue.async_q.put_nowait(None)  # terminate queue consumer
+        finally:
+            if fut is not None:
+                await fut
 
-        file_upload_data.files[file_id] = file_field.filename
+        file_upload_data.files[file_id] = file_field_reader.filename
 
         return self.json({"file_id": file_id})
 
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/file_upload/manifest.json b/homeassistant/components/file_upload/manifest.json
index d2b4f88a279..62f7a1f2b27 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/file_upload/manifest.json
+++ b/homeassistant/components/file_upload/manifest.json
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
   "domain": "file_upload",
   "name": "File Upload",
   "documentation": "https://www.home-assistant.io/integrations/file_upload",
+  "requirements": ["janus==1.0.0"],
   "dependencies": ["http"],
   "codeowners": ["@home-assistant/core"],
   "quality_scale": "internal",
diff --git a/homeassistant/package_constraints.txt b/homeassistant/package_constraints.txt
index dbd749d7ca7..7958b776f10 100644
--- a/homeassistant/package_constraints.txt
+++ b/homeassistant/package_constraints.txt
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ home-assistant-bluetooth==1.8.1
 home-assistant-frontend==20221108.0
 httpx==0.23.1
 ifaddr==0.1.7
+janus==1.0.0
 jinja2==3.1.2
 lru-dict==1.1.8
 orjson==3.8.1
diff --git a/requirements_all.txt b/requirements_all.txt
index a74b4713fcd..ac8bbd9b144 100644
--- a/requirements_all.txt
+++ b/requirements_all.txt
@@ -964,6 +964,9 @@ iperf3==0.1.11
 # homeassistant.components.gogogate2
 ismartgate==4.0.4
 
+# homeassistant.components.file_upload
+janus==1.0.0
+
 # homeassistant.components.jellyfin
 jellyfin-apiclient-python==1.9.2
 
diff --git a/requirements_test_all.txt b/requirements_test_all.txt
index 98e255f30f8..c62ca320ee0 100644
--- a/requirements_test_all.txt
+++ b/requirements_test_all.txt
@@ -717,6 +717,9 @@ iotawattpy==0.1.0
 # homeassistant.components.gogogate2
 ismartgate==4.0.4
 
+# homeassistant.components.file_upload
+janus==1.0.0
+
 # homeassistant.components.jellyfin
 jellyfin-apiclient-python==1.9.2
 
diff --git a/tests/components/file_upload/conftest.py b/tests/components/file_upload/conftest.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab9965c1914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/components/file_upload/conftest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+"""Fixtures for FileUpload integration."""
+from io import StringIO
+
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def large_file_io() -> StringIO:
+    """Generate a file on the fly. Simulates a large file."""
+    return StringIO(
+        2
+        * "Home Assistant is awesome. Open source home automation that puts local control and privacy first."
+    )
diff --git a/tests/components/file_upload/test_init.py b/tests/components/file_upload/test_init.py
index ba3485c96e1..699fb6f9b84 100644
--- a/tests/components/file_upload/test_init.py
+++ b/tests/components/file_upload/test_init.py
@@ -64,3 +64,49 @@ async def test_removed_on_stop(hass: HomeAssistant, hass_client, uploaded_file_d
 
     # Test it's removed
     assert not uploaded_file_dir.exists()
+
+
+async def test_upload_large_file(hass: HomeAssistant, hass_client, large_file_io):
+    """Test uploading large file."""
+    assert await async_setup_component(hass, "file_upload", {})
+    client = await hass_client()
+
+    with patch(
+        # Patch temp dir name to avoid tests fail running in parallel
+        "homeassistant.components.file_upload.TEMP_DIR_NAME",
+        file_upload.TEMP_DIR_NAME + f"-{getrandbits(10):03x}",
+    ), patch(
+        # Patch one megabyte to 8 bytes to prevent having to use big files in tests
+        "homeassistant.components.file_upload.ONE_MEGABYTE",
+        8,
+    ):
+        res = await client.post("/api/file_upload", data={"file": large_file_io})
+
+    assert res.status == 200
+    response = await res.json()
+
+    file_dir = hass.data[file_upload.DOMAIN].file_dir(response["file_id"])
+    assert file_dir.is_dir()
+
+    large_file_io.seek(0)
+    with file_upload.process_uploaded_file(hass, file_dir.name) as file_path:
+        assert file_path.is_file()
+        assert file_path.parent == file_dir
+        assert file_path.read_bytes() == large_file_io.read().encode("utf-8")
+
+
+async def test_upload_with_wrong_key_fails(
+    hass: HomeAssistant, hass_client, large_file_io
+):
+    """Test uploading fails."""
+    assert await async_setup_component(hass, "file_upload", {})
+    client = await hass_client()
+
+    with patch(
+        # Patch temp dir name to avoid tests fail running in parallel
+        "homeassistant.components.file_upload.TEMP_DIR_NAME",
+        file_upload.TEMP_DIR_NAME + f"-{getrandbits(10):03x}",
+    ):
+        res = await client.post("/api/file_upload", data={"wrong_key": large_file_io})
+
+    assert res.status == 400
diff --git a/tests/test_requirements.py b/tests/test_requirements.py
index 826150e47c4..c10b49aa110 100644
--- a/tests/test_requirements.py
+++ b/tests/test_requirements.py
@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ async def test_discovery_requirements_mqtt(hass):
     ) as mock_process:
         await async_get_integration_with_requirements(hass, "mqtt_comp")
 
-    assert len(mock_process.mock_calls) == 2  # mqtt also depends on http
+    assert len(mock_process.mock_calls) == 3  # mqtt also depends on http
     assert mock_process.mock_calls[0][1][1] == mqtt.requirements