diff --git a/homeassistant/components/system_log/__init__.py b/homeassistant/components/system_log/__init__.py
index cd46b4fd957..8a5f53d52de 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/system_log/__init__.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/system_log/__init__.py
@@ -106,8 +106,11 @@ def _safe_get_message(record: logging.LogRecord) -> str:
     """
     try:
         return record.getMessage()
-    except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
-        return f"Bad logger message: {record.msg} ({record.args})"
+    except Exception as ex:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+        try:
+            return f"Bad logger message: {record.msg} ({record.args})"
+        except Exception:  # pylint: disable=broad-except
+            return f"Bad logger message: {ex}"
 
 
 class LogEntry:
diff --git a/tests/components/system_log/test_init.py b/tests/components/system_log/test_init.py
index a28fb236c89..bd861ac7668 100644
--- a/tests/components/system_log/test_init.py
+++ b/tests/components/system_log/test_init.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
 import asyncio
 from collections.abc import Awaitable
 import logging
+import traceback
 from typing import Any
 from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
 
@@ -412,3 +413,31 @@ async def test_config_path(
         )
         log = (await get_error_log(hass_ws_client))[0]
     assert log["source"] == ["custom_component/test.py", 5]
+
+
+async def test_raise_during_log_capture(
+    hass: HomeAssistant, hass_ws_client: WebSocketGenerator
+) -> None:
+    """Test that exceptions are logged and retrieved correctly."""
+    await async_setup_component(hass, system_log.DOMAIN, BASIC_CONFIG)
+    await hass.async_block_till_done()
+
+    class RaisesDuringRepr:
+        """Class that raises during repr."""
+
+        def __repr__(self):
+            in_system_log = False
+            for stack in traceback.extract_stack():
+                if "homeassistant/components/system_log" in stack.filename:
+                    in_system_log = True
+                    break
+            if in_system_log:
+                raise ValueError("repr error")
+            return "repr message"
+
+    raise_during_repr = RaisesDuringRepr()
+
+    _LOGGER.error("raise during repr: %s", raise_during_repr)
+    log = find_log(await get_error_log(hass_ws_client), "ERROR")
+    assert log is not None
+    assert_log(log, "", "Bad logger message: repr error", "ERROR")