diff --git a/.strict-typing b/.strict-typing
index 6ab9736b144..87d5a853add 100644
--- a/.strict-typing
+++ b/.strict-typing
@@ -373,6 +373,7 @@ homeassistant.components.tibber.*
 homeassistant.components.tile.*
 homeassistant.components.tilt_ble.*
 homeassistant.components.time.*
+homeassistant.components.time_date.*
 homeassistant.components.todo.*
 homeassistant.components.tolo.*
 homeassistant.components.tplink.*
diff --git a/homeassistant/components/time_date/sensor.py b/homeassistant/components/time_date/sensor.py
index 5646c7a7018..eb0f291ad3f 100644
--- a/homeassistant/components/time_date/sensor.py
+++ b/homeassistant/components/time_date/sensor.py
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 """Support for showing the date and the time."""
 from __future__ import annotations
 
-from datetime import timedelta
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 import logging
 
 import voluptuous as vol
 
 from homeassistant.components.sensor import PLATFORM_SCHEMA, SensorEntity
 from homeassistant.const import CONF_DISPLAY_OPTIONS
-from homeassistant.core import HomeAssistant, callback
+from homeassistant.core import CALLBACK_TYPE, HomeAssistant, callback
 import homeassistant.helpers.config_validation as cv
 from homeassistant.helpers.entity_platform import AddEntitiesCallback
 from homeassistant.helpers.event import async_track_point_in_utc_time
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ async def async_setup_platform(
 ) -> None:
     """Set up the Time and Date sensor."""
     if hass.config.time_zone is None:
-        _LOGGER.error("Timezone is not set in Home Assistant configuration")
+        _LOGGER.error("Timezone is not set in Home Assistant configuration")  # type: ignore[unreachable]
         return False
 
     async_add_entities(
@@ -58,28 +58,28 @@ async def async_setup_platform(
 class TimeDateSensor(SensorEntity):
     """Implementation of a Time and Date sensor."""
 
-    def __init__(self, hass, option_type):
+    def __init__(self, hass: HomeAssistant, option_type: str) -> None:
         """Initialize the sensor."""
         self._name = OPTION_TYPES[option_type]
         self.type = option_type
-        self._state = None
+        self._state: str | None = None
         self.hass = hass
-        self.unsub = None
+        self.unsub: CALLBACK_TYPE | None = None
 
         self._update_internal_state(dt_util.utcnow())
 
     @property
-    def name(self):
+    def name(self) -> str:
         """Return the name of the sensor."""
         return self._name
 
     @property
-    def native_value(self):
+    def native_value(self) -> str | None:
         """Return the state of the sensor."""
         return self._state
 
     @property
-    def icon(self):
+    def icon(self) -> str:
         """Icon to use in the frontend, if any."""
         if "date" in self.type and "time" in self.type:
             return "mdi:calendar-clock"
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ class TimeDateSensor(SensorEntity):
             self.unsub()
             self.unsub = None
 
-    def get_next_interval(self):
+    def get_next_interval(self) -> datetime:
         """Compute next time an update should occur."""
         now = dt_util.utcnow()
 
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class TimeDateSensor(SensorEntity):
 
         return next_interval
 
-    def _update_internal_state(self, time_date):
+    def _update_internal_state(self, time_date: datetime) -> None:
         time = dt_util.as_local(time_date).strftime(TIME_STR_FORMAT)
         time_utc = time_date.strftime(TIME_STR_FORMAT)
         date = dt_util.as_local(time_date).date().isoformat()
@@ -155,10 +155,12 @@ class TimeDateSensor(SensorEntity):
 
             self._state = f"@{beat:03d}"
         elif self.type == "date_time_iso":
-            self._state = dt_util.parse_datetime(f"{date} {time}").isoformat()
+            self._state = dt_util.parse_datetime(
+                f"{date} {time}", raise_on_error=True
+            ).isoformat()
 
     @callback
-    def point_in_time_listener(self, time_date):
+    def point_in_time_listener(self, time_date: datetime) -> None:
         """Get the latest data and update state."""
         self._update_internal_state(time_date)
         self.async_write_ha_state()
diff --git a/homeassistant/util/dt.py b/homeassistant/util/dt.py
index 4859c5c85dd..81237e1eca6 100644
--- a/homeassistant/util/dt.py
+++ b/homeassistant/util/dt.py
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from contextlib import suppress
 import datetime as dt
 from functools import partial
 import re
-from typing import Any
+from typing import Any, Literal, overload
 import zoneinfo
 
 import ciso8601
@@ -177,18 +177,41 @@ def start_of_local_day(dt_or_d: dt.date | dt.datetime | None = None) -> dt.datet
 # Copyright (c) Django Software Foundation and individual contributors.
 # All rights reserved.
 # https://github.com/django/django/blob/main/LICENSE
+@overload
 def parse_datetime(dt_str: str) -> dt.datetime | None:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def parse_datetime(dt_str: str, *, raise_on_error: Literal[True]) -> dt.datetime:
+    ...
+
+
+@overload
+def parse_datetime(
+    dt_str: str, *, raise_on_error: Literal[False] | bool
+) -> dt.datetime | None:
+    ...
+
+
+def parse_datetime(dt_str: str, *, raise_on_error: bool = False) -> dt.datetime | None:
     """Parse a string and return a datetime.datetime.
 
     This function supports time zone offsets. When the input contains one,
     the output uses a timezone with a fixed offset from UTC.
     Raises ValueError if the input is well formatted but not a valid datetime.
-    Returns None if the input isn't well formatted.
+
+    If the input isn't well formatted, returns None if raise_on_error is False
+    or raises ValueError if it's True.
     """
+    # First try if the string can be parsed by the fast ciso8601 library
     with suppress(ValueError, IndexError):
         return ciso8601.parse_datetime(dt_str)
 
+    # ciso8601 failed to parse the string, fall back to regex
     if not (match := DATETIME_RE.match(dt_str)):
+        if raise_on_error:
+            raise ValueError
         return None
     kws: dict[str, Any] = match.groupdict()
     if kws["microsecond"]:
diff --git a/mypy.ini b/mypy.ini
index 55ec39de449..6f3ca7ce54e 100644
--- a/mypy.ini
+++ b/mypy.ini
@@ -3492,6 +3492,16 @@ disallow_untyped_defs = true
 warn_return_any = true
 warn_unreachable = true
 
+[mypy-homeassistant.components.time_date.*]
+check_untyped_defs = true
+disallow_incomplete_defs = true
+disallow_subclassing_any = true
+disallow_untyped_calls = true
+disallow_untyped_decorators = true
+disallow_untyped_defs = true
+warn_return_any = true
+warn_unreachable = true
+
 [mypy-homeassistant.components.todo.*]
 check_untyped_defs = true
 disallow_incomplete_defs = true
diff --git a/tests/util/test_dt.py b/tests/util/test_dt.py
index a973135d831..3b6293d7c17 100644
--- a/tests/util/test_dt.py
+++ b/tests/util/test_dt.py
@@ -147,6 +147,12 @@ def test_parse_datetime_returns_none_for_incorrect_format() -> None:
     assert dt_util.parse_datetime("not a datetime string") is None
 
 
+def test_parse_datetime_raises_for_incorrect_format() -> None:
+    """Test parse_datetime raises ValueError if raise_on_error is set with an incorrect format."""
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        dt_util.parse_datetime("not a datetime string", raise_on_error=True)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     ("duration_string", "expected_result"),
     [