diff --git a/CODEOWNERS b/CODEOWNERS
index cd11c7796f..f85993bd87 100644
--- a/CODEOWNERS
+++ b/CODEOWNERS
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ esphome/components/lcd_menu/* @numo68
 esphome/components/ld2410/* @regevbr @sebcaps
 esphome/components/ld2420/* @descipher
 esphome/components/ld2450/* @hareeshmu
+esphome/components/ld24xx/* @kbx81
 esphome/components/ledc/* @OttoWinter
 esphome/components/libretiny/* @kuba2k2
 esphome/components/libretiny_pwm/* @kuba2k2
diff --git a/esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py b/esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py
index 9bcd0e068a..ea87da4ce4 100644
--- a/esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/esp32/__init__.py
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_ESP32,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
     __version__,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, HexInt, TimePeriod
@@ -98,16 +98,6 @@ ARDUINO_ALLOWED_VARIANTS = [
     VARIANT_ESP32S3,
 ]
 
-# Single-core ESP32 variants
-SINGLE_CORE_VARIANTS = frozenset(
-    [
-        VARIANT_ESP32S2,
-        VARIANT_ESP32C3,
-        VARIANT_ESP32C6,
-        VARIANT_ESP32H2,
-    ]
-)
-
 
 def get_cpu_frequencies(*frequencies):
     return [str(x) + "MHZ" for x in frequencies]
@@ -732,11 +722,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
     cg.add_build_flag(f"-DUSE_ESP32_VARIANT_{config[CONF_VARIANT]}")
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", VARIANT_FRIENDLY[config[CONF_VARIANT]])
-    # Set threading model based on core count
-    if config[CONF_VARIANT] in SINGLE_CORE_VARIANTS:
-        cg.add_define(CoreModel.SINGLE)
-    else:
-        cg.add_define(CoreModel.MULTI_ATOMICS)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.MULTI_ATOMICS)
 
     cg.add_platformio_option("lib_ldf_mode", "off")
     cg.add_platformio_option("lib_compat_mode", "strict")
diff --git a/esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py b/esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py
index d08d7121b7..0184c25965 100644
--- a/esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/esp8266/__init__.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_ESP8266,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.helpers import copy_file_if_changed
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.set_cpp_standard("gnu++20")
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", "ESP8266")
-    cg.add_define(CoreModel.SINGLE)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.SINGLE)
 
     cg.add_platformio_option("extra_scripts", ["post:post_build.py"])
 
diff --git a/esphome/components/host/__init__.py b/esphome/components/host/__init__.py
index 2d77f2f7ab..ba05e497c8 100644
--- a/esphome/components/host/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/host/__init__.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_HOST,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.add_define("USE_ESPHOME_HOST_MAC_ADDRESS", config[CONF_MAC_ADDRESS].parts)
     cg.add_build_flag("-std=gnu++20")
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", "host")
-    cg.add_define(CoreModel.MULTI_ATOMICS)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.MULTI_ATOMICS)
     cg.add_platformio_option("platform", "platformio/native")
     cg.add_platformio_option("lib_ldf_mode", "off")
     cg.add_platformio_option("lib_compat_mode", "strict")
diff --git a/esphome/components/ld2410/__init__.py b/esphome/components/ld2410/__init__.py
index c58b9a4017..4918190179 100644
--- a/esphome/components/ld2410/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/ld2410/__init__.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from esphome.components import uart
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
 from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_PASSWORD, CONF_THROTTLE, CONF_TIMEOUT
 
+AUTO_LOAD = ["ld24xx"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["uart"]
 CODEOWNERS = ["@sebcaps", "@regevbr"]
 MULTI_CONF = True
diff --git a/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp b/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp
index 8f1fb0ee9d..bb6d63a963 100644
--- a/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.cpp
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 #include "ld2410.h"
 
-#include <utility>
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
 #include "esphome/components/number/number.h"
 #endif
@@ -10,10 +9,6 @@
 
 #include "esphome/core/application.h"
 
-#define CHECK_BIT(var, pos) (((var) >> (pos)) & 1)
-#define highbyte(val) (uint8_t)((val) >> 8)
-#define lowbyte(val) (uint8_t)((val) &0xff)
-
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2410 {
 
@@ -165,6 +160,9 @@ static constexpr uint8_t CMD_BLUETOOTH = 0xA4;
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_MAX_MOVE_VALUE = 0x00;
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_MAX_STILL_VALUE = 0x01;
 static constexpr uint8_t CMD_DURATION_VALUE = 0x02;
+// Bitmasks for target states
+static constexpr uint8_t MOVE_BITMASK = 0x01;
+static constexpr uint8_t STILL_BITMASK = 0x02;
 // Header & Footer size
 static constexpr uint8_t HEADER_FOOTER_SIZE = 4;
 // Command Header & Footer
@@ -202,17 +200,17 @@ void LD2410Component::dump_config() {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
   ESP_LOGCONFIG(TAG, "Sensors:");
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "Light", this->light_sensor_);
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "DetectionDistance", this->detection_distance_sensor_);
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "MovingTargetDistance", this->moving_target_distance_sensor_);
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "MovingTargetEnergy", this->moving_target_energy_sensor_);
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "StillTargetDistance", this->still_target_distance_sensor_);
-  LOG_SENSOR("  ", "StillTargetEnergy", this->still_target_energy_sensor_);
-  for (sensor::Sensor *s : this->gate_move_sensors_) {
-    LOG_SENSOR("  ", "GateMove", s);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "Light", this->light_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "DetectionDistance", this->detection_distance_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "MovingTargetDistance", this->moving_target_distance_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "MovingTargetEnergy", this->moving_target_energy_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "StillTargetDistance", this->still_target_distance_sensor_);
+  LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "StillTargetEnergy", this->still_target_energy_sensor_);
+  for (auto &s : this->gate_move_sensors_) {
+    LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "GateMove", s);
   }
-  for (sensor::Sensor *s : this->gate_still_sensors_) {
-    LOG_SENSOR("  ", "GateStill", s);
+  for (auto &s : this->gate_still_sensors_) {
+    LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE("  ", "GateStill", s);
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
@@ -304,8 +302,10 @@ void LD2410Component::send_command_(uint8_t command, const uint8_t *command_valu
   }
   // frame footer bytes
   this->write_array(CMD_FRAME_FOOTER, sizeof(CMD_FRAME_FOOTER));
-  // FIXME to remove
-  delay(50);  // NOLINT
+
+  if (command != CMD_ENABLE_CONF && command != CMD_DISABLE_CONF) {
+    delay(50);  // NOLINT
+  }
 }
 
 void LD2410Component::handle_periodic_data_() {
@@ -348,10 +348,10 @@ void LD2410Component::handle_periodic_data_() {
     this->target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(target_state != 0x00);
   }
   if (this->moving_target_binary_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    this->moving_target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(CHECK_BIT(target_state, 0));
+    this->moving_target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(target_state & MOVE_BITMASK);
   }
   if (this->still_target_binary_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    this->still_target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(CHECK_BIT(target_state, 1));
+    this->still_target_binary_sensor_->publish_state(target_state & STILL_BITMASK);
   }
 #endif
   /*
@@ -362,89 +362,51 @@ void LD2410Component::handle_periodic_data_() {
     Detect distance: 16~17th bytes
   */
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  if (this->moving_target_distance_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    int new_moving_target_distance =
-        ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[MOVING_TARGET_LOW], this->buffer_data_[MOVING_TARGET_HIGH]);
-    if (this->moving_target_distance_sensor_->get_state() != new_moving_target_distance)
-      this->moving_target_distance_sensor_->publish_state(new_moving_target_distance);
-  }
-  if (this->moving_target_energy_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    int new_moving_target_energy = this->buffer_data_[MOVING_ENERGY];
-    if (this->moving_target_energy_sensor_->get_state() != new_moving_target_energy)
-      this->moving_target_energy_sensor_->publish_state(new_moving_target_energy);
-  }
-  if (this->still_target_distance_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    int new_still_target_distance =
-        ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[STILL_TARGET_LOW], this->buffer_data_[STILL_TARGET_HIGH]);
-    if (this->still_target_distance_sensor_->get_state() != new_still_target_distance)
-      this->still_target_distance_sensor_->publish_state(new_still_target_distance);
-  }
-  if (this->still_target_energy_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    int new_still_target_energy = this->buffer_data_[STILL_ENERGY];
-    if (this->still_target_energy_sensor_->get_state() != new_still_target_energy)
-      this->still_target_energy_sensor_->publish_state(new_still_target_energy);
-  }
-  if (this->detection_distance_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-    int new_detect_distance =
-        ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[DETECT_DISTANCE_LOW], this->buffer_data_[DETECT_DISTANCE_HIGH]);
-    if (this->detection_distance_sensor_->get_state() != new_detect_distance)
-      this->detection_distance_sensor_->publish_state(new_detect_distance);
-  }
+  SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(
+      this->moving_target_distance_sensor_,
+      ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[MOVING_TARGET_LOW], this->buffer_data_[MOVING_TARGET_HIGH]))
+  SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(this->moving_target_energy_sensor_, this->buffer_data_[MOVING_ENERGY])
+  SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(
+      this->still_target_distance_sensor_,
+      ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[STILL_TARGET_LOW], this->buffer_data_[STILL_TARGET_HIGH]));
+  SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(this->still_target_energy_sensor_, this->buffer_data_[STILL_ENERGY]);
+  SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(
+      this->detection_distance_sensor_,
+      ld2410::two_byte_to_int(this->buffer_data_[DETECT_DISTANCE_LOW], this->buffer_data_[DETECT_DISTANCE_HIGH]));
+
   if (engineering_mode) {
     /*
       Moving distance range: 18th byte
       Still distance range: 19th byte
       Moving energy: 20~28th bytes
     */
-    for (std::vector<sensor::Sensor *>::size_type i = 0; i != this->gate_move_sensors_.size(); i++) {
-      sensor::Sensor *s = this->gate_move_sensors_[i];
-      if (s != nullptr) {
-        s->publish_state(this->buffer_data_[MOVING_SENSOR_START + i]);
-      }
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < TOTAL_GATES; i++) {
+      SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(this->gate_move_sensors_[i], this->buffer_data_[MOVING_SENSOR_START + i])
     }
     /*
       Still energy: 29~37th bytes
     */
-    for (std::vector<sensor::Sensor *>::size_type i = 0; i != this->gate_still_sensors_.size(); i++) {
-      sensor::Sensor *s = this->gate_still_sensors_[i];
-      if (s != nullptr) {
-        s->publish_state(this->buffer_data_[STILL_SENSOR_START + i]);
-      }
+    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < TOTAL_GATES; i++) {
+      SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(this->gate_still_sensors_[i], this->buffer_data_[STILL_SENSOR_START + i])
     }
     /*
       Light sensor: 38th bytes
     */
-    if (this->light_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-      int new_light_sensor = this->buffer_data_[LIGHT_SENSOR];
-      if (this->light_sensor_->get_state() != new_light_sensor) {
-        this->light_sensor_->publish_state(new_light_sensor);
-      }
-    }
+    SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(this->light_sensor_, this->buffer_data_[LIGHT_SENSOR])
   } else {
-    for (auto *s : this->gate_move_sensors_) {
-      if (s != nullptr && !std::isnan(s->get_state())) {
-        s->publish_state(NAN);
-      }
+    for (auto &gate_move_sensor : this->gate_move_sensors_) {
+      SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR_UNKNOWN(gate_move_sensor)
     }
-    for (auto *s : this->gate_still_sensors_) {
-      if (s != nullptr && !std::isnan(s->get_state())) {
-        s->publish_state(NAN);
-      }
-    }
-    if (this->light_sensor_ != nullptr && !std::isnan(this->light_sensor_->get_state())) {
-      this->light_sensor_->publish_state(NAN);
+    for (auto &gate_still_sensor : this->gate_still_sensors_) {
+      SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR_UNKNOWN(gate_still_sensor)
     }
+    SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR_UNKNOWN(this->light_sensor_)
   }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
-  if (engineering_mode) {
-    if (this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-      this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_->publish_state(this->buffer_data_[OUT_PIN_SENSOR] == 0x01);
-    }
-  } else {
-    if (this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_ != nullptr) {
-      this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_->publish_state(false);
-    }
+  if (this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_ != nullptr) {
+    this->out_pin_presence_status_binary_sensor_->publish_state(
+        engineering_mode ? this->buffer_data_[OUT_PIN_SENSOR] == 0x01 : false);
   }
 #endif
 }
@@ -824,8 +786,14 @@ void LD2410Component::set_light_out_control() {
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-void LD2410Component::set_gate_move_sensor(uint8_t gate, sensor::Sensor *s) { this->gate_move_sensors_[gate] = s; }
-void LD2410Component::set_gate_still_sensor(uint8_t gate, sensor::Sensor *s) { this->gate_still_sensors_[gate] = s; }
+// These could leak memory, but they are only set once prior to 'setup()' and should never be used again.
+void LD2410Component::set_gate_move_sensor(uint8_t gate, sensor::Sensor *s) {
+  this->gate_move_sensors_[gate] = new SensorWithDedup<uint8_t>(s);
+}
+
+void LD2410Component::set_gate_still_sensor(uint8_t gate, sensor::Sensor *s) {
+  this->gate_still_sensors_[gate] = new SensorWithDedup<uint8_t>(s);
+}
 #endif
 
 }  // namespace ld2410
diff --git a/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h b/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h
index 8bd1dbcb5a..e9225ccfe4 100644
--- a/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h
+++ b/esphome/components/ld2410/ld2410.h
@@ -22,15 +22,20 @@
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
 #include "esphome/components/text_sensor/text_sensor.h"
 #endif
+#include "esphome/components/ld24xx/ld24xx.h"
 #include "esphome/components/uart/uart.h"
 #include "esphome/core/automation.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 
+#include <array>
+
 namespace esphome {
 namespace ld2410 {
 
-static const uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 46;  // Max characters for serial buffer
-static const uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 9;       // Total number of gates supported by the LD2410
+using namespace ld24xx;
+
+static constexpr uint8_t MAX_LINE_LENGTH = 46;  // Max characters for serial buffer
+static constexpr uint8_t TOTAL_GATES = 9;       // Total number of gates supported by the LD2410
 
 class LD2410Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
 #ifdef USE_BINARY_SENSOR
@@ -40,12 +45,12 @@ class LD2410Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   SUB_BINARY_SENSOR(target)
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  SUB_SENSOR(light)
-  SUB_SENSOR(detection_distance)
-  SUB_SENSOR(moving_target_distance)
-  SUB_SENSOR(moving_target_energy)
-  SUB_SENSOR(still_target_distance)
-  SUB_SENSOR(still_target_energy)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(light, uint8_t)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(detection_distance, int)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(moving_target_distance, int)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(moving_target_energy, uint8_t)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(still_target_distance, int)
+  SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(still_target_energy, uint8_t)
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_TEXT_SENSOR
   SUB_TEXT_SENSOR(version)
@@ -122,12 +127,12 @@ class LD2410Component : public Component, public uart::UARTDevice {
   uint8_t version_[6] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
   bool bluetooth_on_{false};
 #ifdef USE_NUMBER
-  std::vector<number::Number *> gate_move_threshold_numbers_ = std::vector<number::Number *>(TOTAL_GATES);
-  std::vector<number::Number *> gate_still_threshold_numbers_ = std::vector<number::Number *>(TOTAL_GATES);
+  std::array<number::Number *, TOTAL_GATES> gate_move_threshold_numbers_{};
+  std::array<number::Number *, TOTAL_GATES> gate_still_threshold_numbers_{};
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_SENSOR
-  std::vector<sensor::Sensor *> gate_move_sensors_ = std::vector<sensor::Sensor *>(TOTAL_GATES);
-  std::vector<sensor::Sensor *> gate_still_sensors_ = std::vector<sensor::Sensor *>(TOTAL_GATES);
+  std::array<SensorWithDedup<uint8_t> *, TOTAL_GATES> gate_move_sensors_{};
+  std::array<SensorWithDedup<uint8_t> *, TOTAL_GATES> gate_still_sensors_{};
 #endif
 };
 
diff --git a/esphome/components/ld24xx/__init__.py b/esphome/components/ld24xx/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..516af84856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/ld24xx/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+CODEOWNERS = ["@kbx81"]
diff --git a/esphome/components/ld24xx/ld24xx.h b/esphome/components/ld24xx/ld24xx.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1cd5e01163
--- /dev/null
+++ b/esphome/components/ld24xx/ld24xx.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "esphome/core/defines.h"
+
+#include <memory>
+
+#ifdef USE_SENSOR
+#include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
+#include "esphome/components/sensor/sensor.h"
+
+#define SUB_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP(name, dedup_type) \
+ protected: \
+  ld24xx::SensorWithDedup<dedup_type> *name##_sensor_{nullptr}; \
+\
+ public: \
+  void set_##name##_sensor(sensor::Sensor *sensor) { \
+    this->name##_sensor_ = new ld24xx::SensorWithDedup<dedup_type>(sensor); \
+  }
+#endif
+
+#define LOG_SENSOR_WITH_DEDUP_SAFE(tag, name, sensor) \
+  if ((sensor) != nullptr) { \
+    LOG_SENSOR(tag, name, (sensor)->sens); \
+  }
+
+#define SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR(sensor, value) \
+  if ((sensor) != nullptr) { \
+    (sensor)->publish_state_if_not_dup(value); \
+  }
+
+#define SAFE_PUBLISH_SENSOR_UNKNOWN(sensor) \
+  if ((sensor) != nullptr) { \
+    (sensor)->publish_state_unknown(); \
+  }
+
+#define highbyte(val) (uint8_t)((val) >> 8)
+#define lowbyte(val) (uint8_t)((val) &0xff)
+
+namespace esphome {
+namespace ld24xx {
+
+#ifdef USE_SENSOR
+// Helper class to store a sensor with a deduplicator & publish state only when the value changes
+template<typename T> class SensorWithDedup {
+ public:
+  SensorWithDedup(sensor::Sensor *sens) : sens(sens) {}
+
+  void publish_state_if_not_dup(T state) {
+    if (this->publish_dedup.next(state)) {
+      this->sens->publish_state(static_cast<float>(state));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void publish_state_unknown() {
+    if (this->publish_dedup.next_unknown()) {
+      this->sens->publish_state(NAN);
+    }
+  }
+
+  sensor::Sensor *sens;
+  Deduplicator<T> publish_dedup;
+};
+#endif
+}  // namespace ld24xx
+}  // namespace esphome
diff --git a/esphome/components/libretiny/__init__.py b/esphome/components/libretiny/__init__.py
index 7f2a0bc0a5..178660cb40 100644
--- a/esphome/components/libretiny/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/libretiny/__init__.py
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_FRAMEWORK_VERSION,
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
     __version__,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ async def component_to_code(config):
     cg.add_build_flag(f"-DUSE_LIBRETINY_VARIANT_{config[CONF_FAMILY]}")
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", FAMILY_FRIENDLY[config[CONF_FAMILY]])
-    cg.add_define(CoreModel.MULTI_NO_ATOMICS)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.MULTI_NO_ATOMICS)
 
     # force using arduino framework
     cg.add_platformio_option("framework", "arduino")
diff --git a/esphome/components/nrf52/__init__.py b/esphome/components/nrf52/__init__.py
index 870c51066c..17807b9e2b 100644
--- a/esphome/components/nrf52/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/nrf52/__init__.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_NRF52,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.storage_json import StorageJSON
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", "NRF52")
     # nRF52 processors are single-core
-    cg.add_define(CoreModel.SINGLE)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.SINGLE)
     cg.add_platformio_option(CONF_FRAMEWORK, CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK])
     cg.add_platformio_option(
         "platform",
diff --git a/esphome/components/rp2040/__init__.py b/esphome/components/rp2040/__init__.py
index 28c3bbd70c..46eabb5325 100644
--- a/esphome/components/rp2040/__init__.py
+++ b/esphome/components/rp2040/__init__.py
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
     KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
     KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
     PLATFORM_RP2040,
-    CoreModel,
+    ThreadModel,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.helpers import copy_file_if_changed, mkdir_p, read_file, write_file
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ async def to_code(config):
     cg.set_cpp_standard("gnu++20")
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
     cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", "RP2040")
-    cg.add_define(CoreModel.SINGLE)
+    cg.add_define(ThreadModel.SINGLE)
 
     cg.add_platformio_option("extra_scripts", ["post:post_build.py"])
 
diff --git a/esphome/const.py b/esphome/const.py
index 627b6bac18..7d373ff26c 100644
--- a/esphome/const.py
+++ b/esphome/const.py
@@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ class Framework(StrEnum):
     ZEPHYR = "zephyr"
 
 
-class CoreModel(StrEnum):
-    """Core model identifiers for ESPHome scheduler."""
+class ThreadModel(StrEnum):
+    """Threading model identifiers for ESPHome scheduler."""
 
-    SINGLE = "ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE"
-    MULTI_NO_ATOMICS = "ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS"
-    MULTI_ATOMICS = "ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS"
+    SINGLE = "ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE"
+    MULTI_NO_ATOMICS = "ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS"
+    MULTI_ATOMICS = "ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS"
 
 
 class PlatformFramework(Enum):
diff --git a/esphome/core/defines.h b/esphome/core/defines.h
index 9355d56084..348f288863 100644
--- a/esphome/core/defines.h
+++ b/esphome/core/defines.h
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 #define ESPHOME_VARIANT "ESP32"
 #define ESPHOME_DEBUG_SCHEDULER
 
-// Default threading model for static analysis (ESP32 is multi-core with atomics)
-#define ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS
+// Default threading model for static analysis (ESP32 is multi-threaded with atomics)
+#define ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS
 
 // logger
 #define ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL ESPHOME_LOG_LEVEL_VERY_VERBOSE
diff --git a/esphome/core/scheduler.cpp b/esphome/core/scheduler.cpp
index fc5d43d262..dd80199dc0 100644
--- a/esphome/core/scheduler.cpp
+++ b/esphome/core/scheduler.cpp
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type
   item->callback = std::move(func);
   item->remove = false;
 
-#ifndef ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE
+#ifndef ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE
   // Special handling for defer() (delay = 0, type = TIMEOUT)
   // Single-core platforms don't need thread-safe defer handling
   if (delay == 0 && type == SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT) {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ void HOT Scheduler::set_timer_common_(Component *component, SchedulerItem::Type
     this->defer_queue_.push_back(std::move(item));
     return;
   }
-#endif /* not ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE */
+#endif /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE */
 
   // Get fresh timestamp for new timer/interval - ensures accurate scheduling
   const auto now = this->millis_64_(millis());  // Fresh millis() call
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ optional<uint32_t> HOT Scheduler::next_schedule_in(uint32_t now) {
   return item->next_execution_ - now_64;
 }
 void HOT Scheduler::call(uint32_t now) {
-#ifndef ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE
+#ifndef ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE
   // Process defer queue first to guarantee FIFO execution order for deferred items.
   // Previously, defer() used the heap which gave undefined order for equal timestamps,
   // causing race conditions on multi-core systems (ESP32, BK7200).
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ void HOT Scheduler::call(uint32_t now) {
       this->execute_item_(item.get(), now);
     }
   }
-#endif /* not ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE */
+#endif /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE */
 
   // Convert the fresh timestamp from main loop to 64-bit for scheduler operations
   const auto now_64 = this->millis_64_(now);  // 'now' from parameter - fresh from Application::loop()
@@ -280,15 +280,15 @@ void HOT Scheduler::call(uint32_t now) {
   if (now_64 - last_print > 2000) {
     last_print = now_64;
     std::vector<std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem>> old_items;
-#ifdef ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS
+#ifdef ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS
     const auto last_dbg = this->last_millis_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
     const auto major_dbg = this->millis_major_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed);
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Items: count=%zu, now=%" PRIu64 " (%" PRIu16 ", %" PRIu32 ")", this->items_.size(), now_64,
              major_dbg, last_dbg);
-#else  /* not ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#else  /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
     ESP_LOGD(TAG, "Items: count=%zu, now=%" PRIu64 " (%" PRIu16 ", %" PRIu32 ")", this->items_.size(), now_64,
              this->millis_major_, this->last_millis_);
-#endif /* else ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#endif /* else ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
     // Cleanup before debug output
     this->cleanup_();
     while (!this->items_.empty()) {
@@ -473,7 +473,7 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_locked_(Component *component, const char *name_c
   size_t total_cancelled = 0;
 
   // Check all containers for matching items
-#ifndef ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE
+#ifndef ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE
   // Only check defer queue for timeouts (intervals never go there)
   if (type == SchedulerItem::TIMEOUT) {
     for (auto &item : this->defer_queue_) {
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_locked_(Component *component, const char *name_c
       }
     }
   }
-#endif /* not ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE */
+#endif /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE */
 
   // Cancel items in the main heap
   for (auto &item : this->items_) {
@@ -509,9 +509,9 @@ bool HOT Scheduler::cancel_item_locked_(Component *component, const char *name_c
 uint64_t Scheduler::millis_64_(uint32_t now) {
   // THREAD SAFETY NOTE:
   // This function has three implementations, based on the precompiler flags
-  // - ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE - Runs on single-core platforms (ESP8266, RP2040, etc.)
-  // - ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS - Runs on multi-core platforms without atomics (LibreTiny)
-  // - ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS - Runs on multi-core platforms with atomics (ESP32, HOST, etc.)
+  // - ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE - Runs on single-threaded platforms (ESP8266, RP2040, etc.)
+  // - ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS - Runs on multi-threaded platforms without atomics (LibreTiny)
+  // - ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS - Runs on multi-threaded platforms with atomics (ESP32, HOST, etc.)
   //
   // Make sure all changes are synchronized if you edit this function.
   //
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@ uint64_t Scheduler::millis_64_(uint32_t now) {
   // helps maintain accuracy.
   //
 
-#ifdef ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE
+#ifdef ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE
   // This is the single core implementation.
   //
   // Single-core platforms have no concurrency, so this is a simple implementation
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ uint64_t Scheduler::millis_64_(uint32_t now) {
   // Combine major (high 32 bits) and now (low 32 bits) into 64-bit time
   return now + (static_cast<uint64_t>(major) << 32);
 
-#elif defined(ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS)
+#elif defined(ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS)
   // This is the multi core no atomics implementation.
   //
   // Without atomics, this implementation uses locks more aggressively:
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@ uint64_t Scheduler::millis_64_(uint32_t now) {
   // Combine major (high 32 bits) and now (low 32 bits) into 64-bit time
   return now + (static_cast<uint64_t>(major) << 32);
 
-#elif defined(ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS)
+#elif defined(ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS)
   // This is the multi core with atomics implementation.
   //
   // Uses atomic operations with acquire/release semantics to ensure coherent
@@ -660,7 +660,7 @@ uint64_t Scheduler::millis_64_(uint32_t now) {
 
 #else
 #error \
-    "No platform threading model defined. One of ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE, ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS, or ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS must be defined."
+    "No platform threading model defined. One of ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE, ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_NO_ATOMICS, or ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS must be defined."
 #endif
 }
 
diff --git a/esphome/core/scheduler.h b/esphome/core/scheduler.h
index c14b7debe4..7bf83f7877 100644
--- a/esphome/core/scheduler.h
+++ b/esphome/core/scheduler.h
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <deque>
-#ifdef ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS
+#ifdef ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS
 #include <atomic>
 #endif
 
@@ -200,13 +200,13 @@ class Scheduler {
   Mutex lock_;
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem>> items_;
   std::vector<std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem>> to_add_;
-#ifndef ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE
+#ifndef ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE
   // Single-core platforms don't need the defer queue and save 40 bytes of RAM
   std::deque<std::unique_ptr<SchedulerItem>> defer_queue_;  // FIFO queue for defer() calls
-#endif                                                      /* ESPHOME_CORES_SINGLE */
+#endif                                                      /* ESPHOME_THREAD_SINGLE */
   uint32_t to_remove_{0};
 
-#ifdef ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS
+#ifdef ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS
   /*
    * Multi-threaded platforms with atomic support: last_millis_ needs atomic for lock-free updates
    *
@@ -218,10 +218,10 @@ class Scheduler {
    * it also observes the corresponding increment of `millis_major_`.
    */
   std::atomic<uint32_t> last_millis_{0};
-#else  /* not ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#else  /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
   // Platforms without atomic support or single-threaded platforms
   uint32_t last_millis_{0};
-#endif /* else ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#endif /* else ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
 
   /*
    * Upper 16 bits of the 64-bit millis counter. Incremented only while holding
@@ -229,11 +229,11 @@ class Scheduler {
    * Ordering relative to `last_millis_` is provided by its release store and the
    * corresponding acquire loads.
    */
-#ifdef ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS
+#ifdef ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS
   std::atomic<uint16_t> millis_major_{0};
-#else  /* not ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#else  /* not ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
   uint16_t millis_major_{0};
-#endif /* else ESPHOME_CORES_MULTI_ATOMICS */
+#endif /* else ESPHOME_THREAD_MULTI_ATOMICS */
 };
 
 }  // namespace esphome