Merge branch 'dev' into protobuf_magic_numbers

2025-07-27 05:36:38 +00:00 · 2025-07-22 07:33:30 -10:00 · 2025-07-22 07:33:30 -10:00 · 8652db0796
commit 8652db0796
parent 0be1395647 a614a68f1a
32 changed files with 1395 additions and 877 deletions
--- a/esphome/components/api/api.proto
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api.proto
@ -732,7 +732,6 @@ message SubscribeLogsResponse {
  LogLevel level = 1;
  bytes message = 3;
  bool send_failed = 4;
 }
 // ==================== NOISE ENCRYPTION ====================
@ -1464,19 +1463,19 @@ message BluetoothGATTGetServicesRequest {
 }
 message BluetoothGATTDescriptor {
-  repeated uint64 uuid = 1;
+  repeated uint64 uuid = 1 [(fixed_array_size) = 2];
  uint32 handle = 2;
 }
 message BluetoothGATTCharacteristic {
-  repeated uint64 uuid = 1;
+  repeated uint64 uuid = 1 [(fixed_array_size) = 2];
  uint32 handle = 2;
  uint32 properties = 3;
  repeated BluetoothGATTDescriptor descriptors = 4;
 }
 message BluetoothGATTService {
-  repeated uint64 uuid = 1;
+  repeated uint64 uuid = 1 [(fixed_array_size) = 2];
  uint32 handle = 2;
  repeated BluetoothGATTCharacteristic characteristics = 3;
 }
@ -1487,7 +1486,7 @@ message BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse {
  option (ifdef) = "USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY";
  uint64 address = 1;
-  repeated BluetoothGATTService services = 2;
+  repeated BluetoothGATTService services = 2 [(fixed_array_size) = 1];
 }
 message BluetoothGATTGetServicesDoneResponse {
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_connection.cpp
@ -225,24 +225,16 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
  if (this->image_reader_ && this->image_reader_->available() && this->helper_->can_write_without_blocking()) {
    uint32_t to_send = std::min((size_t) MAX_BATCH_PACKET_SIZE, this->image_reader_->available());
    bool done = this->image_reader_->available() == to_send;
    uint32_t msg_size = 0;
    ProtoSize::add_fixed_field<4>(msg_size, 1, true);
    // partial message size calculated manually since its a special case
    // 1 for the data field, varint for the data size, and the data itself
    msg_size += 1 + ProtoSize::varint(to_send) + to_send;
    ProtoSize::add_bool_field(msg_size, 1, done);
-    auto buffer = this->create_buffer(msg_size);
+    CameraImageResponse msg;
-    // fixed32 key = 1;
+    msg.key = camera::Camera::instance()->get_object_id_hash();
-    buffer.encode_fixed32(1, camera::Camera::instance()->get_object_id_hash());
+    msg.set_data(this->image_reader_->peek_data_buffer(), to_send);
-    // bytes data = 2;
+    msg.done = done;
-    buffer.encode_bytes(2, this->image_reader_->peek_data_buffer(), to_send);
+#ifdef USE_DEVICES
-    // bool done = 3;
+    msg.device_id = camera::Camera::instance()->get_device_id();
-    buffer.encode_bool(3, done);
+#endif
-    bool success = this->send_buffer(buffer, CameraImageResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
+    if (this->send_message_(msg, CameraImageResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
    if (success) {
      this->image_reader_->consume_data(to_send);
      if (done) {
        this->image_reader_->return_image();
@ -256,8 +248,10 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
    if (state_subs_at_ < static_cast<int>(subs.size())) {
      auto &it = subs[state_subs_at_];
      SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse resp;
-      resp.entity_id = it.entity_id;
+      resp.set_entity_id(StringRef(it.entity_id));
-      resp.attribute = it.attribute.value();
+      // attribute.value() returns temporary - must store it
      std::string attribute_value = it.attribute.value();
      resp.set_attribute(StringRef(attribute_value));
      resp.once = it.once;
      if (this->send_message(resp, SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
        state_subs_at_++;
@ -268,14 +262,14 @@ void APIConnection::loop() {
  }
 }
-DisconnectResponse APIConnection::disconnect(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
  // remote initiated disconnect_client
  // don't close yet, we still need to send the disconnect response
  // close will happen on next loop
  ESP_LOGD(TAG, "%s disconnected", this->get_client_combined_info().c_str());
  this->flags_.next_close = true;
  DisconnectResponse resp;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, DisconnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::on_disconnect_response(const DisconnectResponse &value) {
  this->helper_->close();
@ -352,7 +346,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_binary_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConne
                                                    bool is_single) {
  auto *binary_sensor = static_cast<binary_sensor::BinarySensor *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = binary_sensor->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(binary_sensor->get_device_class_ref());
  msg.is_status_binary_sensor = binary_sensor->is_status_binary_sensor();
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(binary_sensor, msg, ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
                                     remaining_size, is_single);
@ -384,7 +378,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_cover_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
  msg.supports_position = traits.get_supports_position();
  msg.supports_tilt = traits.get_supports_tilt();
  msg.supports_stop = traits.get_supports_stop();
-  msg.device_class = cover->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(cover->get_device_class_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(cover, msg, ListEntitiesCoverResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
 }
@ -419,7 +413,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
  if (traits.supports_direction())
    msg.direction = static_cast<enums::FanDirection>(fan->direction);
  if (traits.supports_preset_modes())
-    msg.preset_mode = fan->preset_mode;
+    msg.set_preset_mode(StringRef(fan->preset_mode));
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(fan, msg, FanStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_fan_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@ -476,8 +470,11 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_light_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
  resp.color_temperature = values.get_color_temperature();
  resp.cold_white = values.get_cold_white();
  resp.warm_white = values.get_warm_white();
-  if (light->supports_effects())
+  if (light->supports_effects()) {
-    resp.effect = light->get_effect_name();
+    // get_effect_name() returns temporary std::string - must store it
    std::string effect_name = light->get_effect_name();
    resp.set_effect(StringRef(effect_name));
  }
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(light, resp, LightStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_light_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size,
@ -553,10 +550,10 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                             bool is_single) {
  auto *sensor = static_cast<sensor::Sensor *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesSensorResponse msg;
-  msg.unit_of_measurement = sensor->get_unit_of_measurement();
+  msg.set_unit_of_measurement(sensor->get_unit_of_measurement_ref());
  msg.accuracy_decimals = sensor->get_accuracy_decimals();
  msg.force_update = sensor->get_force_update();
-  msg.device_class = sensor->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(sensor->get_device_class_ref());
  msg.state_class = static_cast<enums::SensorStateClass>(sensor->get_state_class());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(sensor, msg, ListEntitiesSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
@ -583,7 +580,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_switch_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
  auto *a_switch = static_cast<switch_::Switch *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesSwitchResponse msg;
  msg.assumed_state = a_switch->assumed_state();
-  msg.device_class = a_switch->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(a_switch->get_device_class_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(a_switch, msg, ListEntitiesSwitchResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
 }
@ -608,7 +605,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_sensor_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnec
                                                   bool is_single) {
  auto *text_sensor = static_cast<text_sensor::TextSensor *>(entity);
  TextSensorStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = text_sensor->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(text_sensor->state));
  resp.missing_state = !text_sensor->has_state();
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(text_sensor, resp, TextSensorStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                      is_single);
@ -617,7 +614,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_sensor_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnect
                                                  bool is_single) {
  auto *text_sensor = static_cast<text_sensor::TextSensor *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = text_sensor->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(text_sensor->get_device_class_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(text_sensor, msg, ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
                                     remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@ -645,13 +642,19 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_climate_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
  }
  if (traits.get_supports_fan_modes() && climate->fan_mode.has_value())
    resp.fan_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateFanMode>(climate->fan_mode.value());
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value())
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_fan_modes().empty() && climate->custom_fan_mode.has_value()) {
-    resp.custom_fan_mode = climate->custom_fan_mode.value();
+    // custom_fan_mode.value() returns temporary - must store it
    std::string custom_fan_mode = climate->custom_fan_mode.value();
    resp.set_custom_fan_mode(StringRef(custom_fan_mode));
  }
  if (traits.get_supports_presets() && climate->preset.has_value()) {
    resp.preset = static_cast<enums::ClimatePreset>(climate->preset.value());
  }
-  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value())
+  if (!traits.get_supported_custom_presets().empty() && climate->custom_preset.has_value()) {
-    resp.custom_preset = climate->custom_preset.value();
+    // custom_preset.value() returns temporary - must store it
    std::string custom_preset = climate->custom_preset.value();
    resp.set_custom_preset(StringRef(custom_preset));
  }
  if (traits.get_supports_swing_modes())
    resp.swing_mode = static_cast<enums::ClimateSwingMode>(climate->swing_mode);
  if (traits.get_supports_current_humidity())
@ -737,9 +740,9 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_number_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                             bool is_single) {
  auto *number = static_cast<number::Number *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesNumberResponse msg;
-  msg.unit_of_measurement = number->traits.get_unit_of_measurement();
+  msg.set_unit_of_measurement(number->traits.get_unit_of_measurement_ref());
  msg.mode = static_cast<enums::NumberMode>(number->traits.get_mode());
-  msg.device_class = number->traits.get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(number->traits.get_device_class_ref());
  msg.min_value = number->traits.get_min_value();
  msg.max_value = number->traits.get_max_value();
  msg.step = number->traits.get_step();
@ -852,7 +855,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
                                            bool is_single) {
  auto *text = static_cast<text::Text *>(entity);
  TextStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = text->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(text->state));
  resp.missing_state = !text->has_state();
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(text, resp, TextStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@ -864,7 +867,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_text_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *co
  msg.mode = static_cast<enums::TextMode>(text->traits.get_mode());
  msg.min_length = text->traits.get_min_length();
  msg.max_length = text->traits.get_max_length();
-  msg.pattern = text->traits.get_pattern();
+  msg.set_pattern(text->traits.get_pattern_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(text, msg, ListEntitiesTextResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
 }
@ -885,7 +888,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_select_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
                                              bool is_single) {
  auto *select = static_cast<select::Select *>(entity);
  SelectStateResponse resp;
-  resp.state = select->state;
+  resp.set_state(StringRef(select->state));
  resp.missing_state = !select->has_state();
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(select, resp, SelectStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@ -911,7 +914,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_button_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                             bool is_single) {
  auto *button = static_cast<button::Button *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesButtonResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = button->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(button->get_device_class_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(button, msg, ListEntitiesButtonResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
 }
@ -980,7 +983,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_valve_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
  auto *valve = static_cast<valve::Valve *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesValveResponse msg;
  auto traits = valve->get_traits();
-  msg.device_class = valve->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(valve->get_device_class_ref());
  msg.assumed_state = traits.get_is_assumed_state();
  msg.supports_position = traits.get_supports_position();
  msg.supports_stop = traits.get_supports_stop();
@ -1022,13 +1025,13 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_media_player_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnec
  auto traits = media_player->get_traits();
  msg.supports_pause = traits.get_supports_pause();
  for (auto &supported_format : traits.get_supported_formats()) {
-    MediaPlayerSupportedFormat media_format;
+    msg.supported_formats.emplace_back();
-    media_format.format = supported_format.format;
+    auto &media_format = msg.supported_formats.back();
    media_format.set_format(StringRef(supported_format.format));
    media_format.sample_rate = supported_format.sample_rate;
    media_format.num_channels = supported_format.num_channels;
    media_format.purpose = static_cast<enums::MediaPlayerFormatPurpose>(supported_format.purpose);
    media_format.sample_bytes = supported_format.sample_bytes;
    msg.supported_formats.push_back(media_format);
  }
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(media_player, msg, ListEntitiesMediaPlayerResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn,
                                     remaining_size, is_single);
@ -1091,6 +1094,12 @@ void APIConnection::on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value) {
 }
 #endif
 bool APIConnection::send_get_time_response(const GetTimeRequest &msg) {
  GetTimeResponse resp;
  resp.epoch_seconds = ::time(nullptr);
  return this->send_message(resp, GetTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
 void APIConnection::subscribe_bluetooth_le_advertisements(const SubscribeBluetoothLEAdvertisementsRequest &msg) {
  bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->subscribe_api_connection(this, msg.flags);
@ -1121,12 +1130,12 @@ void APIConnection::bluetooth_gatt_notify(const BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest &msg)
  bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->bluetooth_gatt_notify(msg);
 }
-BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse APIConnection::subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free(
+bool APIConnection::send_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_response(
    const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) {
  BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse resp;
  resp.free = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_connections_free();
  resp.limit = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_connections_limit();
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::bluetooth_scanner_set_mode(const BluetoothScannerSetModeRequest &msg) {
@ -1187,28 +1196,27 @@ void APIConnection::on_voice_assistant_announce_request(const VoiceAssistantAnno
  }
 }
-VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse APIConnection::voice_assistant_get_configuration(
+bool APIConnection::send_voice_assistant_get_configuration_response(const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) {
    const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) {
  VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse resp;
  if (!this->check_voice_assistant_api_connection_()) {
-    return resp;
+    return this->send_message(resp, VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
  }
  auto &config = voice_assistant::global_voice_assistant->get_configuration();
  for (auto &wake_word : config.available_wake_words) {
-    VoiceAssistantWakeWord resp_wake_word;
+    resp.available_wake_words.emplace_back();
-    resp_wake_word.id = wake_word.id;
+    auto &resp_wake_word = resp.available_wake_words.back();
-    resp_wake_word.wake_word = wake_word.wake_word;
+    resp_wake_word.set_id(StringRef(wake_word.id));
    resp_wake_word.set_wake_word(StringRef(wake_word.wake_word));
    for (const auto &lang : wake_word.trained_languages) {
      resp_wake_word.trained_languages.push_back(lang);
    }
    resp.available_wake_words.push_back(std::move(resp_wake_word));
  }
  for (auto &wake_word_id : config.active_wake_words) {
    resp.active_wake_words.push_back(wake_word_id);
  }
  resp.max_active_wake_words = config.max_active_wake_words;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::voice_assistant_set_configuration(const VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration &msg) {
@ -1281,7 +1289,7 @@ void APIConnection::send_event(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_typ
 uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_response(event::Event *event, const std::string &event_type, APIConnection *conn,
                                                uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
  EventResponse resp;
-  resp.event_type = event_type;
+  resp.set_event_type(StringRef(event_type));
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(event, resp, EventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@ -1289,7 +1297,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_event_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *c
                                            bool is_single) {
  auto *event = static_cast<event::Event *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesEventResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = event->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(event->get_device_class_ref());
  for (const auto &event_type : event->get_event_types())
    msg.event_types.push_back(event_type);
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(event, msg, ListEntitiesEventResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
@ -1313,11 +1321,11 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_update_state(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection
      resp.has_progress = true;
      resp.progress = update->update_info.progress;
    }
-    resp.current_version = update->update_info.current_version;
+    resp.set_current_version(StringRef(update->update_info.current_version));
-    resp.latest_version = update->update_info.latest_version;
+    resp.set_latest_version(StringRef(update->update_info.latest_version));
-    resp.title = update->update_info.title;
+    resp.set_title(StringRef(update->update_info.title));
-    resp.release_summary = update->update_info.summary;
+    resp.set_release_summary(StringRef(update->update_info.summary));
-    resp.release_url = update->update_info.release_url;
+    resp.set_release_url(StringRef(update->update_info.release_url));
  }
  return fill_and_encode_entity_state(update, resp, UpdateStateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size, is_single);
 }
@ -1325,7 +1333,7 @@ uint16_t APIConnection::try_send_update_info(EntityBase *entity, APIConnection *
                                             bool is_single) {
  auto *update = static_cast<update::UpdateEntity *>(entity);
  ListEntitiesUpdateResponse msg;
-  msg.device_class = update->get_device_class();
+  msg.set_device_class(update->get_device_class_ref());
  return fill_and_encode_entity_info(update, msg, ListEntitiesUpdateResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE, conn, remaining_size,
                                     is_single);
 }
@ -1350,26 +1358,10 @@ void APIConnection::update_command(const UpdateCommandRequest &msg) {
 #endif
 bool APIConnection::try_send_log_message(int level, const char *tag, const char *line, size_t message_len) {
-  // Pre-calculate message size to avoid reallocations
+  SubscribeLogsResponse msg;
-  uint32_t msg_size = 0;
+  msg.level = static_cast<enums::LogLevel>(level);
-
+  msg.set_message(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(line), message_len);
-  // Add size for level field (field ID 1, varint type)
+  return this->send_message_(msg, SubscribeLogsResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
  // 1 byte for field tag + size of the level varint
  msg_size += 1 + api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(level));
  // Add size for string field (field ID 3, string type)
  // 1 byte for field tag + size of length varint + string length
  msg_size += 1 + api::ProtoSize::varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(message_len)) + message_len;
  // Create a pre-sized buffer
  auto buffer = this->create_buffer(msg_size);
  // Encode the message (SubscribeLogsResponse)
  buffer.encode_uint32(1, static_cast<uint32_t>(level));  // LogLevel level = 1
  buffer.encode_string(3, line, message_len);             // string message = 3
  // SubscribeLogsResponse - 29
  return this->send_buffer(buffer, SubscribeLogsResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::complete_authentication_() {
@ -1390,7 +1382,7 @@ void APIConnection::complete_authentication_() {
 #endif
 }
-HelloResponse APIConnection::hello(const HelloRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) {
  this->client_info_.name = msg.client_info;
  this->client_info_.peername = this->helper_->getpeername();
  this->client_api_version_major_ = msg.api_version_major;
@ -1401,8 +1393,10 @@ HelloResponse APIConnection::hello(const HelloRequest &msg) {
  HelloResponse resp;
  resp.api_version_major = 1;
  resp.api_version_minor = 10;
-  resp.server_info = App.get_name() + " (esphome v" ESPHOME_VERSION ")";
+  // Temporary string for concatenation - will be valid during send_message call
-  resp.name = App.get_name();
+  std::string server_info = App.get_name() + " (esphome v" ESPHOME_VERSION ")";
  resp.set_server_info(StringRef(server_info));
  resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
  // Password required - wait for authentication
@ -1412,9 +1406,9 @@ HelloResponse APIConnection::hello(const HelloRequest &msg) {
  this->complete_authentication_();
 #endif
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, HelloResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
-ConnectResponse APIConnection::connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_connect_response(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
  bool correct = true;
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
  correct = this->parent_->check_password(msg.password);
@ -1426,48 +1420,71 @@ ConnectResponse APIConnection::connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
  if (correct) {
    this->complete_authentication_();
  }
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, ConnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
-DeviceInfoResponse APIConnection::device_info(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
+
 bool APIConnection::send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) {
  PingResponse resp;
  return this->send_message(resp, PingResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 bool APIConnection::send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
  DeviceInfoResponse resp{};
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
  resp.uses_password = true;
 #endif
-  resp.name = App.get_name();
+  resp.set_name(StringRef(App.get_name()));
-  resp.friendly_name = App.get_friendly_name();
+  resp.set_friendly_name(StringRef(App.get_friendly_name()));
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
-  resp.suggested_area = App.get_area();
+  resp.set_suggested_area(StringRef(App.get_area()));
 #endif
-  resp.mac_address = get_mac_address_pretty();
+  // mac_address must store temporary string - will be valid during send_message call
-  resp.esphome_version = ESPHOME_VERSION;
+  std::string mac_address = get_mac_address_pretty();
-  resp.compilation_time = App.get_compilation_time();
+  resp.set_mac_address(StringRef(mac_address));
  // Compile-time StringRef constants
  static constexpr auto ESPHOME_VERSION_REF = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_VERSION);
  resp.set_esphome_version(ESPHOME_VERSION_REF);
  // get_compilation_time() returns temporary std::string - must store it
  std::string compilation_time = App.get_compilation_time();
  resp.set_compilation_time(StringRef(compilation_time));
  // Compile-time StringRef constants for manufacturers
 #if defined(USE_ESP8266) || defined(USE_ESP32)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Espressif";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Espressif");
 #elif defined(USE_RP2040)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Raspberry Pi";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Raspberry Pi");
 #elif defined(USE_BK72XX)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Beken";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Beken");
 #elif defined(USE_LN882X)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Lightning";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Lightning");
 #elif defined(USE_RTL87XX)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Realtek";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Realtek");
 #elif defined(USE_HOST)
-  resp.manufacturer = "Host";
+  static constexpr auto MANUFACTURER = StringRef::from_lit("Host");
 #endif
-  resp.model = ESPHOME_BOARD;
+  resp.set_manufacturer(MANUFACTURER);
  static constexpr auto MODEL = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_BOARD);
  resp.set_model(MODEL);
 #ifdef USE_DEEP_SLEEP
  resp.has_deep_sleep = deep_sleep::global_has_deep_sleep;
 #endif
 #ifdef ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME
-  resp.project_name = ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME;
+  static constexpr auto PROJECT_NAME = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME);
-  resp.project_version = ESPHOME_PROJECT_VERSION;
+  static constexpr auto PROJECT_VERSION = StringRef::from_lit(ESPHOME_PROJECT_VERSION);
  resp.set_project_name(PROJECT_NAME);
  resp.set_project_version(PROJECT_VERSION);
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_WEBSERVER
  resp.webserver_port = USE_WEBSERVER_PORT;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
  resp.bluetooth_proxy_feature_flags = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_feature_flags();
-  resp.bluetooth_mac_address = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_mac_address_pretty();
+  // bt_mac must store temporary string - will be valid during send_message call
  std::string bluetooth_mac = bluetooth_proxy::global_bluetooth_proxy->get_bluetooth_mac_address_pretty();
  resp.set_bluetooth_mac_address(StringRef(bluetooth_mac));
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
  resp.voice_assistant_feature_flags = voice_assistant::global_voice_assistant->get_feature_flags();
@ -1477,23 +1494,25 @@ DeviceInfoResponse APIConnection::device_info(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
  for (auto const &device : App.get_devices()) {
-    DeviceInfo device_info;
+    resp.devices.emplace_back();
    auto &device_info = resp.devices.back();
    device_info.device_id = device->get_device_id();
-    device_info.name = device->get_name();
+    device_info.set_name(StringRef(device->get_name()));
    device_info.area_id = device->get_area_id();
    resp.devices.push_back(device_info);
  }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
  for (auto const &area : App.get_areas()) {
-    AreaInfo area_info;
+    resp.areas.emplace_back();
    auto &area_info = resp.areas.back();
    area_info.area_id = area->get_area_id();
-    area_info.name = area->get_name();
+    area_info.set_name(StringRef(area->get_name()));
    resp.areas.push_back(area_info);
  }
 #endif
-  return resp;
+
  return this->send_message(resp, DeviceInfoResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 void APIConnection::on_home_assistant_state_response(const HomeAssistantStateResponse &msg) {
  for (auto &it : this->parent_->get_state_subs()) {
    if (it.entity_id == msg.entity_id && it.attribute.value() == msg.attribute) {
@ -1515,23 +1534,21 @@ void APIConnection::execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) {
 }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse APIConnection::noise_encryption_set_key(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) {
+bool APIConnection::send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) {
  psk_t psk{};
  NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse resp;
  if (base64_decode(msg.key, psk.data(), msg.key.size()) != psk.size()) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Invalid encryption key length");
    resp.success = false;
-    return resp;
+    return this->send_message(resp, NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
  }
  if (!this->parent_->save_noise_psk(psk, true)) {
    ESP_LOGW(TAG, "Failed to save encryption key");
    resp.success = false;
-    return resp;
+    return this->send_message(resp, NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
  }
  resp.success = true;
-  return resp;
+  return this->send_message(resp, NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
 }
 #endif
 void APIConnection::subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) {
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_connection.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_connection.h
@ -148,8 +148,7 @@ class APIConnection : public APIServerConnection {
  void bluetooth_gatt_write_descriptor(const BluetoothGATTWriteDescriptorRequest &msg) override;
  void bluetooth_gatt_get_services(const BluetoothGATTGetServicesRequest &msg) override;
  void bluetooth_gatt_notify(const BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest &msg) override;
-  BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free(
+  bool send_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_response(const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) override;
      const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) override;
  void bluetooth_scanner_set_mode(const BluetoothScannerSetModeRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
@ -167,8 +166,7 @@ class APIConnection : public APIServerConnection {
  void on_voice_assistant_audio(const VoiceAssistantAudio &msg) override;
  void on_voice_assistant_timer_event_response(const VoiceAssistantTimerEventResponse &msg) override;
  void on_voice_assistant_announce_request(const VoiceAssistantAnnounceRequest &msg) override;
-  VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse voice_assistant_get_configuration(
+  bool send_voice_assistant_get_configuration_response(const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) override;
      const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) override;
  void voice_assistant_set_configuration(const VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration &msg) override;
 #endif
@ -195,11 +193,11 @@ class APIConnection : public APIServerConnection {
 #ifdef USE_HOMEASSISTANT_TIME
  void on_get_time_response(const GetTimeResponse &value) override;
 #endif
-  HelloResponse hello(const HelloRequest &msg) override;
+  bool send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) override;
-  ConnectResponse connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) override;
+  bool send_connect_response(const ConnectRequest &msg) override;
-  DisconnectResponse disconnect(const DisconnectRequest &msg) override;
+  bool send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) override;
-  PingResponse ping(const PingRequest &msg) override { return {}; }
+  bool send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) override;
-  DeviceInfoResponse device_info(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) override;
+  bool send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) override;
  void list_entities(const ListEntitiesRequest &msg) override { this->list_entities_iterator_.begin(); }
  void subscribe_states(const SubscribeStatesRequest &msg) override {
    this->flags_.state_subscription = true;
@ -214,15 +212,12 @@ class APIConnection : public APIServerConnection {
    this->flags_.service_call_subscription = true;
  }
  void subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) override;
-  GetTimeResponse get_time(const GetTimeRequest &msg) override {
+  bool send_get_time_response(const GetTimeRequest &msg) override;
    // TODO
    return {};
  }
 #ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
  void execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-  NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse noise_encryption_set_key(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) override;
+  bool send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) override;
 #endif
  bool is_authenticated() override {
@ -313,14 +308,17 @@ class APIConnection : public APIServerConnection {
                                              APIConnection *conn, uint32_t remaining_size, bool is_single) {
    // Set common fields that are shared by all entity types
    msg.key = entity->get_object_id_hash();
-    msg.object_id = entity->get_object_id();
+    // IMPORTANT: get_object_id() may return a temporary std::string
    std::string object_id = entity->get_object_id();
    msg.set_object_id(StringRef(object_id));
-    if (entity->has_own_name())
+    if (entity->has_own_name()) {
-      msg.name = entity->get_name();
+      msg.set_name(entity->get_name());
    }
    // Set common EntityBase properties
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
-    msg.icon = entity->get_icon();
+    msg.set_icon(entity->get_icon_ref());
 #endif
    msg.disabled_by_default = entity->is_disabled_by_default();
    msg.entity_category = static_cast<enums::EntityCategory>(entity->get_entity_category());
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_frame_helper_noise.cpp
@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ namespace api {
 static const char *const TAG = "api.noise";
 static const char *const PROLOGUE_INIT = "NoiseAPIInit";
 static constexpr size_t PROLOGUE_INIT_LEN = 12;  // strlen("NoiseAPIInit")
 #define HELPER_LOG(msg, ...) ESP_LOGVV(TAG, "%s: " msg, this->client_info_->get_combined_info().c_str(), ##__VA_ARGS__)
@ -73,7 +74,9 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::init() {
  }
  // init prologue
-  prologue_.insert(prologue_.end(), PROLOGUE_INIT, PROLOGUE_INIT + strlen(PROLOGUE_INIT));
+  size_t old_size = prologue_.size();
  prologue_.resize(old_size + PROLOGUE_INIT_LEN);
  std::memcpy(prologue_.data() + old_size, PROLOGUE_INIT, PROLOGUE_INIT_LEN);
  state_ = State::CLIENT_HELLO;
  return APIError::OK;
@ -223,11 +226,12 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
      return handle_handshake_frame_error_(aerr);
    }
    // ignore contents, may be used in future for flags
-    // Reserve space for: existing prologue + 2 size bytes + frame data
+    // Resize for: existing prologue + 2 size bytes + frame data
-    prologue_.reserve(prologue_.size() + 2 + frame.size());
+    size_t old_size = prologue_.size();
-    prologue_.push_back((uint8_t) (frame.size() >> 8));
+    prologue_.resize(old_size + 2 + frame.size());
-    prologue_.push_back((uint8_t) frame.size());
+    prologue_[old_size] = (uint8_t) (frame.size() >> 8);
-    prologue_.insert(prologue_.end(), frame.begin(), frame.end());
+    prologue_[old_size + 1] = (uint8_t) frame.size();
    std::memcpy(prologue_.data() + old_size + 2, frame.data(), frame.size());
    state_ = State::SERVER_HELLO;
  }
@ -237,18 +241,22 @@ APIError APINoiseFrameHelper::state_action_() {
    const std::string &mac = get_mac_address();
    std::vector<uint8_t> msg;
-    // Reserve space for: 1 byte proto + name + null + mac + null
+    // Calculate positions and sizes
-    msg.reserve(1 + name.size() + 1 + mac.size() + 1);
+    size_t name_len = name.size() + 1;  // including null terminator
    size_t mac_len = mac.size() + 1;    // including null terminator
    size_t name_offset = 1;
    size_t mac_offset = name_offset + name_len;
    size_t total_size = 1 + name_len + mac_len;
    msg.resize(total_size);
    // chosen proto
-    msg.push_back(0x01);
+    msg[0] = 0x01;
    // node name, terminated by null byte
-    const uint8_t *name_ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(name.c_str());
+    std::memcpy(msg.data() + name_offset, name.c_str(), name_len);
    msg.insert(msg.end(), name_ptr, name_ptr + name.size() + 1);
    // node mac, terminated by null byte
-    const uint8_t *mac_ptr = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(mac.c_str());
+    std::memcpy(msg.data() + mac_offset, mac.c_str(), mac_len);
    msg.insert(msg.end(), mac_ptr, mac_ptr + mac.size() + 1);
    aerr = write_frame_(msg.data(), msg.size());
    if (aerr != APIError::OK)
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_pb2.cpp
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_pb2.h
@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #pragma once
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 #include "proto.h"
@ -269,12 +270,15 @@ enum UpdateCommand : uint32_t {
 class InfoResponseProtoMessage : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
  ~InfoResponseProtoMessage() override = default;
-  std::string object_id{};
+  StringRef object_id_ref_{};
  void set_object_id(const StringRef &ref) { this->object_id_ref_ = ref; }
  uint32_t key{0};
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  bool disabled_by_default{false};
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
-  std::string icon{};
+  StringRef icon_ref_{};
  void set_icon(const StringRef &ref) { this->icon_ref_ = ref; }
 #endif
  enums::EntityCategory entity_category{};
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
@ -332,8 +336,10 @@ class HelloResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
  uint32_t api_version_major{0};
  uint32_t api_version_minor{0};
-  std::string server_info{};
+  StringRef server_info_ref_{};
-  std::string name{};
+  void set_server_info(const StringRef &ref) { this->server_info_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -442,7 +448,8 @@ class DeviceInfoRequest : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 class AreaInfo : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
  uint32_t area_id{0};
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -456,7 +463,8 @@ class AreaInfo : public ProtoMessage {
 class DeviceInfo : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
  uint32_t device_id{0};
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  uint32_t area_id{0};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -477,19 +485,26 @@ class DeviceInfoResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef USE_API_PASSWORD
  bool uses_password{false};
 #endif
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
-  std::string mac_address{};
+  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
-  std::string esphome_version{};
+  StringRef mac_address_ref_{};
-  std::string compilation_time{};
+  void set_mac_address(const StringRef &ref) { this->mac_address_ref_ = ref; }
-  std::string model{};
+  StringRef esphome_version_ref_{};
  void set_esphome_version(const StringRef &ref) { this->esphome_version_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef compilation_time_ref_{};
  void set_compilation_time(const StringRef &ref) { this->compilation_time_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef model_ref_{};
  void set_model(const StringRef &ref) { this->model_ref_ = ref; }
 #ifdef USE_DEEP_SLEEP
  bool has_deep_sleep{false};
 #endif
 #ifdef ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME
-  std::string project_name{};
+  StringRef project_name_ref_{};
  void set_project_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->project_name_ref_ = ref; }
 #endif
 #ifdef ESPHOME_PROJECT_NAME
-  std::string project_version{};
+  StringRef project_version_ref_{};
  void set_project_version(const StringRef &ref) { this->project_version_ref_ = ref; }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_WEBSERVER
  uint32_t webserver_port{0};
@ -497,16 +512,20 @@ class DeviceInfoResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
  uint32_t bluetooth_proxy_feature_flags{0};
 #endif
-  std::string manufacturer{};
+  StringRef manufacturer_ref_{};
-  std::string friendly_name{};
+  void set_manufacturer(const StringRef &ref) { this->manufacturer_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef friendly_name_ref_{};
  void set_friendly_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->friendly_name_ref_ = ref; }
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
  uint32_t voice_assistant_feature_flags{0};
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_AREAS
-  std::string suggested_area{};
+  StringRef suggested_area_ref_{};
  void set_suggested_area(const StringRef &ref) { this->suggested_area_ref_ = ref; }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
-  std::string bluetooth_mac_address{};
+  StringRef bluetooth_mac_address_ref_{};
  void set_bluetooth_mac_address(const StringRef &ref) { this->bluetooth_mac_address_ref_ = ref; }
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
  bool api_encryption_supported{false};
@ -575,7 +594,8 @@ class ListEntitiesBinarySensorResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_binary_sensor_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  bool is_status_binary_sensor{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -614,7 +634,8 @@ class ListEntitiesCoverResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  bool assumed_state{false};
  bool supports_position{false};
  bool supports_tilt{false};
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  bool supports_stop{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -695,7 +716,8 @@ class FanStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
  bool oscillating{false};
  enums::FanDirection direction{};
  int32_t speed_level{0};
-  std::string preset_mode{};
+  StringRef preset_mode_ref_{};
  void set_preset_mode(const StringRef &ref) { this->preset_mode_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -769,7 +791,8 @@ class LightStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
  float color_temperature{0.0f};
  float cold_white{0.0f};
  float warm_white{0.0f};
-  std::string effect{};
+  StringRef effect_ref_{};
  void set_effect(const StringRef &ref) { this->effect_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -829,10 +852,12 @@ class ListEntitiesSensorResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_sensor_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string unit_of_measurement{};
+  StringRef unit_of_measurement_ref_{};
  void set_unit_of_measurement(const StringRef &ref) { this->unit_of_measurement_ref_ = ref; }
  int32_t accuracy_decimals{0};
  bool force_update{false};
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  enums::SensorStateClass state_class{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -869,7 +894,8 @@ class ListEntitiesSwitchResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_switch_response"; }
 #endif
  bool assumed_state{false};
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -919,7 +945,8 @@ class ListEntitiesTextSensorResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_text_sensor_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -935,7 +962,8 @@ class TextSensorStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "text_sensor_state_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string state{};
+  StringRef state_ref_{};
  void set_state(const StringRef &ref) { this->state_ref_ = ref; }
  bool missing_state{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -965,13 +993,17 @@ class SubscribeLogsRequest : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 class SubscribeLogsResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 29;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 13;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 11;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_logs_response"; }
 #endif
  enums::LogLevel level{};
-  std::string message{};
+  const uint8_t *message_ptr_{nullptr};
-  bool send_failed{false};
+  size_t message_len_{0};
  void set_message(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    this->message_ptr_ = data;
    this->message_len_ = len;
  }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1028,8 +1060,10 @@ class SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 };
 class HomeassistantServiceMap : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::string key{};
+  StringRef key_ref_{};
-  std::string value{};
+  void set_key(const StringRef &ref) { this->key_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef value_ref_{};
  void set_value(const StringRef &ref) { this->value_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1045,7 +1079,8 @@ class HomeassistantServiceResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "homeassistant_service_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string service{};
+  StringRef service_ref_{};
  void set_service(const StringRef &ref) { this->service_ref_ = ref; }
  std::vector<HomeassistantServiceMap> data{};
  std::vector<HomeassistantServiceMap> data_template{};
  std::vector<HomeassistantServiceMap> variables{};
@ -1078,8 +1113,10 @@ class SubscribeHomeAssistantStateResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "subscribe_home_assistant_state_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string entity_id{};
+  StringRef entity_id_ref_{};
-  std::string attribute{};
+  void set_entity_id(const StringRef &ref) { this->entity_id_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef attribute_ref_{};
  void set_attribute(const StringRef &ref) { this->attribute_ref_ = ref; }
  bool once{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -1139,7 +1176,8 @@ class GetTimeResponse : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 #ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
 class ListEntitiesServicesArgument : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  enums::ServiceArgType type{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -1156,7 +1194,8 @@ class ListEntitiesServicesResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_services_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string name{};
+  StringRef name_ref_{};
  void set_name(const StringRef &ref) { this->name_ref_ = ref; }
  uint32_t key{0};
  std::vector<ListEntitiesServicesArgument> args{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
@ -1228,7 +1267,12 @@ class CameraImageResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "camera_image_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string data{};
+  const uint8_t *data_ptr_{nullptr};
  size_t data_len_{0};
  void set_data(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    this->data_ptr_ = data;
    this->data_len_ = len;
  }
  bool done{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -1303,9 +1347,11 @@ class ClimateStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
  enums::ClimateAction action{};
  enums::ClimateFanMode fan_mode{};
  enums::ClimateSwingMode swing_mode{};
-  std::string custom_fan_mode{};
+  StringRef custom_fan_mode_ref_{};
  void set_custom_fan_mode(const StringRef &ref) { this->custom_fan_mode_ref_ = ref; }
  enums::ClimatePreset preset{};
-  std::string custom_preset{};
+  StringRef custom_preset_ref_{};
  void set_custom_preset(const StringRef &ref) { this->custom_preset_ref_ = ref; }
  float current_humidity{0.0f};
  float target_humidity{0.0f};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
@ -1364,9 +1410,11 @@ class ListEntitiesNumberResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  float min_value{0.0f};
  float max_value{0.0f};
  float step{0.0f};
-  std::string unit_of_measurement{};
+  StringRef unit_of_measurement_ref_{};
  void set_unit_of_measurement(const StringRef &ref) { this->unit_of_measurement_ref_ = ref; }
  enums::NumberMode mode{};
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1433,7 +1481,8 @@ class SelectStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "select_state_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string state{};
+  StringRef state_ref_{};
  void set_state(const StringRef &ref) { this->state_ref_ = ref; }
  bool missing_state{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -1532,7 +1581,8 @@ class ListEntitiesLockResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
  bool assumed_state{false};
  bool supports_open{false};
  bool requires_code{false};
-  std::string code_format{};
+  StringRef code_format_ref_{};
  void set_code_format(const StringRef &ref) { this->code_format_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1585,7 +1635,8 @@ class ListEntitiesButtonResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_button_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1613,7 +1664,8 @@ class ButtonCommandRequest : public CommandProtoMessage {
 #ifdef USE_MEDIA_PLAYER
 class MediaPlayerSupportedFormat : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::string format{};
+  StringRef format_ref_{};
  void set_format(const StringRef &ref) { this->format_ref_ = ref; }
  uint32_t sample_rate{0};
  uint32_t num_channels{0};
  enums::MediaPlayerFormatPurpose purpose{};
@ -1787,7 +1839,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTGetServicesRequest : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
 };
 class BluetoothGATTDescriptor : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::vector<uint64_t> uuid{};
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid{};
  uint32_t handle{0};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -1799,7 +1851,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTDescriptor : public ProtoMessage {
 };
 class BluetoothGATTCharacteristic : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::vector<uint64_t> uuid{};
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid{};
  uint32_t handle{0};
  uint32_t properties{0};
  std::vector<BluetoothGATTDescriptor> descriptors{};
@ -1813,7 +1865,7 @@ class BluetoothGATTCharacteristic : public ProtoMessage {
 };
 class BluetoothGATTService : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::vector<uint64_t> uuid{};
+  std::array<uint64_t, 2> uuid{};
  uint32_t handle{0};
  std::vector<BluetoothGATTCharacteristic> characteristics{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
@ -1827,12 +1879,12 @@ class BluetoothGATTService : public ProtoMessage {
 class BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
  static constexpr uint8_t MESSAGE_TYPE = 71;
-  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 38;
+  static constexpr uint8_t ESTIMATED_SIZE = 21;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "bluetooth_gatt_get_services_response"; }
 #endif
  uint64_t address{0};
-  std::vector<BluetoothGATTService> services{};
+  std::array<BluetoothGATTService, 1> services{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1882,7 +1934,12 @@ class BluetoothGATTReadResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
  uint64_t address{0};
  uint32_t handle{0};
-  std::string data{};
+  const uint8_t *data_ptr_{nullptr};
  size_t data_len_{0};
  void set_data(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    this->data_ptr_ = data;
    this->data_len_ = len;
  }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -1970,7 +2027,12 @@ class BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse : public ProtoMessage {
 #endif
  uint64_t address{0};
  uint32_t handle{0};
-  std::string data{};
+  const uint8_t *data_ptr_{nullptr};
  size_t data_len_{0};
  void set_data(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    this->data_ptr_ = data;
    this->data_len_ = len;
  }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -2200,10 +2262,12 @@ class VoiceAssistantRequest : public ProtoMessage {
  const char *message_name() const override { return "voice_assistant_request"; }
 #endif
  bool start{false};
-  std::string conversation_id{};
+  StringRef conversation_id_ref_{};
  void set_conversation_id(const StringRef &ref) { this->conversation_id_ref_ = ref; }
  uint32_t flags{0};
  VoiceAssistantAudioSettings audio_settings{};
-  std::string wake_word_phrase{};
+  StringRef wake_word_phrase_ref_{};
  void set_wake_word_phrase(const StringRef &ref) { this->wake_word_phrase_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -2264,6 +2328,12 @@ class VoiceAssistantAudio : public ProtoDecodableMessage {
  const char *message_name() const override { return "voice_assistant_audio"; }
 #endif
  std::string data{};
  const uint8_t *data_ptr_{nullptr};
  size_t data_len_{0};
  void set_data(const uint8_t *data, size_t len) {
    this->data_ptr_ = data;
    this->data_len_ = len;
  }
  bool end{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -2333,8 +2403,10 @@ class VoiceAssistantAnnounceFinished : public ProtoMessage {
 };
 class VoiceAssistantWakeWord : public ProtoMessage {
 public:
-  std::string id{};
+  StringRef id_ref_{};
-  std::string wake_word{};
+  void set_id(const StringRef &ref) { this->id_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef wake_word_ref_{};
  void set_wake_word(const StringRef &ref) { this->wake_word_ref_ = ref; }
  std::vector<std::string> trained_languages{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -2455,7 +2527,8 @@ class ListEntitiesTextResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #endif
  uint32_t min_length{0};
  uint32_t max_length{0};
-  std::string pattern{};
+  StringRef pattern_ref_{};
  void set_pattern(const StringRef &ref) { this->pattern_ref_ = ref; }
  enums::TextMode mode{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -2472,7 +2545,8 @@ class TextStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "text_state_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string state{};
+  StringRef state_ref_{};
  void set_state(const StringRef &ref) { this->state_ref_ = ref; }
  bool missing_state{false};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -2616,7 +2690,8 @@ class ListEntitiesEventResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_event_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  std::vector<std::string> event_types{};
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
@ -2633,7 +2708,8 @@ class EventResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "event_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string event_type{};
+  StringRef event_type_ref_{};
  void set_event_type(const StringRef &ref) { this->event_type_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -2651,7 +2727,8 @@ class ListEntitiesValveResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_valve_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  bool assumed_state{false};
  bool supports_position{false};
  bool supports_stop{false};
@ -2757,7 +2834,8 @@ class ListEntitiesUpdateResponse : public InfoResponseProtoMessage {
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
  const char *message_name() const override { return "list_entities_update_response"; }
 #endif
-  std::string device_class{};
+  StringRef device_class_ref_{};
  void set_device_class(const StringRef &ref) { this->device_class_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
@ -2777,11 +2855,16 @@ class UpdateStateResponse : public StateResponseProtoMessage {
  bool in_progress{false};
  bool has_progress{false};
  float progress{0.0f};
-  std::string current_version{};
+  StringRef current_version_ref_{};
-  std::string latest_version{};
+  void set_current_version(const StringRef &ref) { this->current_version_ref_ = ref; }
-  std::string title{};
+  StringRef latest_version_ref_{};
-  std::string release_summary{};
+  void set_latest_version(const StringRef &ref) { this->latest_version_ref_ = ref; }
-  std::string release_url{};
+  StringRef title_ref_{};
  void set_title(const StringRef &ref) { this->title_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef release_summary_ref_{};
  void set_release_summary(const StringRef &ref) { this->release_summary_ref_ = ref; }
  StringRef release_url_ref_{};
  void set_release_url(const StringRef &ref) { this->release_url_ref_ = ref; }
  void encode(ProtoWriteBuffer buffer) const override;
  void calculate_size(uint32_t &total_size) const override;
 #ifdef HAS_PROTO_MESSAGE_DUMP
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_dump.cpp
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.cpp
@ -597,33 +597,28 @@ void APIServerConnectionBase::read_message(uint32_t msg_size, uint32_t msg_type,
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_hello_request(const HelloRequest &msg) {
-  HelloResponse ret = this->hello(msg);
+  if (!this->send_hello_response(msg)) {
  if (!this->send_message(ret, HelloResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
    this->on_fatal_error();
  }
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_connect_request(const ConnectRequest &msg) {
-  ConnectResponse ret = this->connect(msg);
+  if (!this->send_connect_response(msg)) {
  if (!this->send_message(ret, ConnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
    this->on_fatal_error();
  }
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_disconnect_request(const DisconnectRequest &msg) {
-  DisconnectResponse ret = this->disconnect(msg);
+  if (!this->send_disconnect_response(msg)) {
  if (!this->send_message(ret, DisconnectResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
    this->on_fatal_error();
  }
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_ping_request(const PingRequest &msg) {
-  PingResponse ret = this->ping(msg);
+  if (!this->send_ping_response(msg)) {
  if (!this->send_message(ret, PingResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
    this->on_fatal_error();
  }
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_device_info_request(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) {
  if (this->check_connection_setup_()) {
-    DeviceInfoResponse ret = this->device_info(msg);
+    if (!this->send_device_info_response(msg)) {
    if (!this->send_message(ret, DeviceInfoResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
      this->on_fatal_error();
    }
  }
@ -656,8 +651,7 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_subscribe_home_assistant_states_request(const Subsc
 }
 void APIServerConnection::on_get_time_request(const GetTimeRequest &msg) {
  if (this->check_connection_setup_()) {
-    GetTimeResponse ret = this->get_time(msg);
+    if (!this->send_get_time_response(msg)) {
    if (!this->send_message(ret, GetTimeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
      this->on_fatal_error();
    }
  }
@ -672,8 +666,7 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_execute_service_request(const ExecuteServiceRequest
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
 void APIServerConnection::on_noise_encryption_set_key_request(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) {
  if (this->check_authenticated_()) {
-    NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse ret = this->noise_encryption_set_key(msg);
+    if (!this->send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(msg)) {
    if (!this->send_message(ret, NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
      this->on_fatal_error();
    }
  }
@ -866,8 +859,7 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_bluetooth_gatt_notify_request(const BluetoothGATTNo
 void APIServerConnection::on_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_request(
    const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) {
  if (this->check_authenticated_()) {
-    BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse ret = this->subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free(msg);
+    if (!this->send_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_response(msg)) {
    if (!this->send_message(ret, BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
      this->on_fatal_error();
    }
  }
@ -898,8 +890,7 @@ void APIServerConnection::on_subscribe_voice_assistant_request(const SubscribeVo
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
 void APIServerConnection::on_voice_assistant_configuration_request(const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) {
  if (this->check_authenticated_()) {
-    VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse ret = this->voice_assistant_get_configuration(msg);
+    if (!this->send_voice_assistant_get_configuration_response(msg)) {
    if (!this->send_message(ret, VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {
      this->on_fatal_error();
    }
  }
--- a/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/api_pb2_service.h
@ -207,22 +207,22 @@ class APIServerConnectionBase : public ProtoService {
 class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
 public:
-  virtual HelloResponse hello(const HelloRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_hello_response(const HelloRequest &msg) = 0;
-  virtual ConnectResponse connect(const ConnectRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_connect_response(const ConnectRequest &msg) = 0;
-  virtual DisconnectResponse disconnect(const DisconnectRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_disconnect_response(const DisconnectRequest &msg) = 0;
-  virtual PingResponse ping(const PingRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_ping_response(const PingRequest &msg) = 0;
-  virtual DeviceInfoResponse device_info(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_device_info_response(const DeviceInfoRequest &msg) = 0;
  virtual void list_entities(const ListEntitiesRequest &msg) = 0;
  virtual void subscribe_states(const SubscribeStatesRequest &msg) = 0;
  virtual void subscribe_logs(const SubscribeLogsRequest &msg) = 0;
  virtual void subscribe_homeassistant_services(const SubscribeHomeassistantServicesRequest &msg) = 0;
  virtual void subscribe_home_assistant_states(const SubscribeHomeAssistantStatesRequest &msg) = 0;
-  virtual GetTimeResponse get_time(const GetTimeRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_get_time_response(const GetTimeRequest &msg) = 0;
 #ifdef USE_API_SERVICES
  virtual void execute_service(const ExecuteServiceRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_API_NOISE
-  virtual NoiseEncryptionSetKeyResponse noise_encryption_set_key(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) = 0;
+  virtual bool send_noise_encryption_set_key_response(const NoiseEncryptionSetKeyRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BUTTON
  virtual void button_command(const ButtonCommandRequest &msg) = 0;
@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
  virtual void bluetooth_gatt_notify(const BluetoothGATTNotifyRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
-  virtual BluetoothConnectionsFreeResponse subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free(
+  virtual bool send_subscribe_bluetooth_connections_free_response(
      const SubscribeBluetoothConnectionsFreeRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_BLUETOOTH_PROXY
@ -316,8 +316,7 @@ class APIServerConnection : public APIServerConnectionBase {
  virtual void subscribe_voice_assistant(const SubscribeVoiceAssistantRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
-  virtual VoiceAssistantConfigurationResponse voice_assistant_get_configuration(
+  virtual bool send_voice_assistant_get_configuration_response(const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) = 0;
      const VoiceAssistantConfigurationRequest &msg) = 0;
 #endif
 #ifdef USE_VOICE_ASSISTANT
  virtual void voice_assistant_set_configuration(const VoiceAssistantSetConfiguration &msg) = 0;
--- a/esphome/components/api/custom_api_device.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/custom_api_device.h
@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
   */
  void call_homeassistant_service(const std::string &service_name) {
    HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-    resp.service = service_name;
+    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
    global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
  }
@ -168,12 +168,12 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
   */
  void call_homeassistant_service(const std::string &service_name, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &data) {
    HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-    resp.service = service_name;
+    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
    for (auto &it : data) {
-      HomeassistantServiceMap kv;
+      resp.data.emplace_back();
-      kv.key = it.first;
+      auto &kv = resp.data.back();
-      kv.value = it.second;
+      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.first));
-      resp.data.push_back(kv);
+      kv.set_value(StringRef(it.second));
    }
    global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
  }
@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
   */
  void fire_homeassistant_event(const std::string &event_name) {
    HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-    resp.service = event_name;
+    resp.set_service(StringRef(event_name));
    resp.is_event = true;
    global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
  }
@ -210,13 +210,13 @@ class CustomAPIDevice {
   */
  void fire_homeassistant_event(const std::string &service_name, const std::map<std::string, std::string> &data) {
    HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-    resp.service = service_name;
+    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_name));
    resp.is_event = true;
    for (auto &it : data) {
-      HomeassistantServiceMap kv;
+      resp.data.emplace_back();
-      kv.key = it.first;
+      auto &kv = resp.data.back();
-      kv.value = it.second;
+      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.first));
-      resp.data.push_back(kv);
+      kv.set_value(StringRef(it.second));
    }
    global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
  }
--- a/esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/homeassistant_service.h
@ -59,25 +59,29 @@ template<typename... Ts> class HomeAssistantServiceCallAction : public Action<Ts
  void play(Ts... x) override {
    HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-    resp.service = this->service_.value(x...);
+    std::string service_value = this->service_.value(x...);
    resp.set_service(StringRef(service_value));
    resp.is_event = this->is_event_;
    for (auto &it : this->data_) {
-      HomeassistantServiceMap kv;
+      resp.data.emplace_back();
-      kv.key = it.key;
+      auto &kv = resp.data.back();
-      kv.value = it.value.value(x...);
+      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.key));
-      resp.data.push_back(kv);
+      std::string value = it.value.value(x...);
      kv.set_value(StringRef(value));
    }
    for (auto &it : this->data_template_) {
-      HomeassistantServiceMap kv;
+      resp.data_template.emplace_back();
-      kv.key = it.key;
+      auto &kv = resp.data_template.back();
-      kv.value = it.value.value(x...);
+      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.key));
-      resp.data_template.push_back(kv);
+      std::string value = it.value.value(x...);
      kv.set_value(StringRef(value));
    }
    for (auto &it : this->variables_) {
-      HomeassistantServiceMap kv;
+      resp.variables.emplace_back();
-      kv.key = it.key;
+      auto &kv = resp.variables.back();
-      kv.value = it.value.value(x...);
+      kv.set_key(StringRef(it.key));
-      resp.variables.push_back(kv);
+      std::string value = it.value.value(x...);
      kv.set_value(StringRef(value));
    }
    this->parent_->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
  }
--- a/esphome/components/api/proto.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/proto.h
@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 #include "esphome/core/component.h"
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/log.h"
 #include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 #include <cassert>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <vector>
 #ifdef ESPHOME_LOG_HAS_VERY_VERBOSE
@ -14,6 +16,37 @@
 namespace esphome {
 namespace api {
 /*
 * StringRef Ownership Model for API Protocol Messages
 * ===================================================
 *
 * StringRef is used for zero-copy string handling in outgoing (SOURCE_SERVER) messages.
 * It holds a pointer and length to existing string data without copying.
 *
 * CRITICAL: The referenced string data MUST remain valid until message encoding completes.
 *
 * Safe StringRef Patterns:
 * 1. String literals: StringRef("literal") - Always safe (static storage duration)
 * 2. Member variables: StringRef(this->member_string_) - Safe if object outlives encoding
 * 3. Global/static strings: StringRef(GLOBAL_CONSTANT) - Always safe
 * 4. Local variables: Safe ONLY if encoding happens before function returns:
 *    std::string temp = compute_value();
 *    msg.set_field(StringRef(temp));
 *    return this->send_message(msg);  // temp is valid during encoding
 *
 * Unsafe Patterns (WILL cause crashes/corruption):
 * 1. Temporaries: msg.set_field(StringRef(obj.get_string())) // get_string() returns by value
 * 2. Optional values: msg.set_field(StringRef(optional.value())) // value() returns a copy
 * 3. Concatenation: msg.set_field(StringRef(str1 + str2)) // Result is temporary
 *
 * For unsafe patterns, store in a local variable first:
 *    std::string temp = optional.value();  // or get_string() or str1 + str2
 *    msg.set_field(StringRef(temp));
 *
 * The send_*_response pattern ensures proper lifetime management by encoding
 * within the same function scope where temporaries are created.
 */
 /// Representation of a VarInt - in ProtoBuf should be 64bit but we only use 32bit
 class ProtoVarInt {
 public:
@ -206,12 +239,20 @@ class ProtoWriteBuffer {
    this->encode_field_raw(field_id, 2);  // type 2: Length-delimited string
    this->encode_varint_raw(len);
-    auto *data = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t *>(string);
+
-    this->buffer_->insert(this->buffer_->end(), data, data + len);
+    // Using resize + memcpy instead of insert provides significant performance improvement:
    // ~10-11x faster for 16-32 byte strings, ~3x faster for 64-byte strings
    // as it avoids iterator checks and potential element moves that insert performs
    size_t old_size = this->buffer_->size();
    this->buffer_->resize(old_size + len);
    std::memcpy(this->buffer_->data() + old_size, string, len);
  }
  void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const std::string &value, bool force = false) {
    this->encode_string(field_id, value.data(), value.size(), force);
  }
  void encode_string(uint32_t field_id, const StringRef &ref, bool force = false) {
    this->encode_string(field_id, ref.c_str(), ref.size(), force);
  }
  void encode_bytes(uint32_t field_id, const uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool force = false) {
    this->encode_string(field_id, reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data), len, force);
  }
@ -527,25 +568,6 @@ class ProtoSize {
    total_size += field_id_size + 1;
  }
  /**
   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a fixed field to the total message size
   *
   * Fixed fields always take exactly N bytes (4 for fixed32/float, 8 for fixed64/double).
   *
   * @tparam NumBytes The number of bytes for this fixed field (4 or 8)
   * @param is_nonzero Whether the value is non-zero
   */
  template<uint32_t NumBytes>
  static inline void add_fixed_field(uint32_t &total_size, uint32_t field_id_size, bool is_nonzero) {
    // Skip calculation if value is zero
    if (!is_nonzero) {
      return;  // No need to update total_size
    }
    // Fixed fields always take exactly NumBytes
    total_size += field_id_size + NumBytes;
  }
  /**
   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a float field to the total message size
   */
@ -682,17 +704,16 @@ class ProtoSize {
  // sint64 type is not supported by ESPHome API to reduce overhead on embedded systems
  /**
-   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a string/bytes field to the total message size
+   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a string field using length
   */
-  static inline void add_string_field(uint32_t &total_size, uint32_t field_id_size, const std::string &str) {
+  static inline void add_string_field(uint32_t &total_size, uint32_t field_id_size, size_t len) {
    // Skip calculation if string is empty
-    if (str.empty()) {
+    if (len == 0) {
      return;  // No need to update total_size
    }
-    // Calculate and directly add to total_size
+    // Field ID + length varint + string bytes
-    const uint32_t str_size = static_cast<uint32_t>(str.size());
+    total_size += field_id_size + varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(len)) + static_cast<uint32_t>(len);
    total_size += field_id_size + varint(str_size) + str_size;
  }
  /**
@ -704,6 +725,19 @@ class ProtoSize {
    total_size += field_id_size + varint(str_size) + str_size;
  }
  /**
   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a bytes field to the total message size
   */
  static inline void add_bytes_field(uint32_t &total_size, uint32_t field_id_size, size_t len) {
    // Skip calculation if bytes is empty
    if (len == 0) {
      return;  // No need to update total_size
    }
    // Field ID + length varint + data bytes
    total_size += field_id_size + varint(static_cast<uint32_t>(len)) + static_cast<uint32_t>(len);
  }
  /**
   * @brief Calculates and adds the size of a nested message field to the total message size
   *
--- a/esphome/components/api/user_services.h
+++ b/esphome/components/api/user_services.h
@ -33,14 +33,14 @@ template<typename... Ts> class UserServiceBase : public UserServiceDescriptor {
  ListEntitiesServicesResponse encode_list_service_response() override {
    ListEntitiesServicesResponse msg;
-    msg.name = this->name_;
+    msg.set_name(StringRef(this->name_));
    msg.key = this->key_;
    std::array<enums::ServiceArgType, sizeof...(Ts)> arg_types = {to_service_arg_type<Ts>()...};
    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof...(Ts); i++) {
-      ListEntitiesServicesArgument arg;
+      msg.args.emplace_back();
      auto &arg = msg.args.back();
      arg.type = arg_types[i];
-      arg.name = this->arg_names_[i];
+      arg.set_name(StringRef(this->arg_names_[i]));
      msg.args.push_back(arg);
    }
    return msg;
  }
--- a/esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/bluetooth_connection.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/bluetooth_proxy/bluetooth_connection.cpp
@ -13,16 +13,16 @@ namespace bluetooth_proxy {
 static const char *const TAG = "bluetooth_proxy.connection";
-static std::vector<uint64_t> get_128bit_uuid_vec(esp_bt_uuid_t uuid_source) {
+static void fill_128bit_uuid_array(std::array<uint64_t, 2> &out, esp_bt_uuid_t uuid_source) {
  esp_bt_uuid_t uuid = espbt::ESPBTUUID::from_uuid(uuid_source).as_128bit().get_uuid();
-  return std::vector<uint64_t>{((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[15] << 56) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[14] << 48) |
+  out[0] = ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[15] << 56) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[14] << 48) |
           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[13] << 40) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[12] << 32) |
           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[11] << 24) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[10] << 16) |
-                                   ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[9] << 8) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[8]),
+           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[9] << 8) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[8]);
-                               ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[7] << 56) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[6] << 48) |
+  out[1] = ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[7] << 56) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[6] << 48) |
           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[5] << 40) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[4] << 32) |
           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[3] << 24) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[2] << 16) |
-                                   ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[1] << 8) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[0])};
+           ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[1] << 8) | ((uint64_t) uuid.uuid.uuid128[0]);
 }
 void BluetoothConnection::dump_config() {
@ -95,9 +95,8 @@ void BluetoothConnection::send_service_for_discovery_() {
  api::BluetoothGATTGetServicesResponse resp;
  resp.address = this->address_;
-  resp.services.emplace_back();
+  auto &service_resp = resp.services[0];
-  auto &service_resp = resp.services.back();
+  fill_128bit_uuid_array(service_resp.uuid, service_result.uuid);
  service_resp.uuid = get_128bit_uuid_vec(service_result.uuid);
  service_resp.handle = service_result.start_handle;
  // Get the number of characteristics directly with one call
@ -136,7 +135,7 @@ void BluetoothConnection::send_service_for_discovery_() {
    service_resp.characteristics.emplace_back();
    auto &characteristic_resp = service_resp.characteristics.back();
-    characteristic_resp.uuid = get_128bit_uuid_vec(char_result.uuid);
+    fill_128bit_uuid_array(characteristic_resp.uuid, char_result.uuid);
    characteristic_resp.handle = char_result.char_handle;
    characteristic_resp.properties = char_result.properties;
    char_offset++;
@ -176,7 +175,7 @@ void BluetoothConnection::send_service_for_discovery_() {
      characteristic_resp.descriptors.emplace_back();
      auto &descriptor_resp = characteristic_resp.descriptors.back();
-      descriptor_resp.uuid = get_128bit_uuid_vec(desc_result.uuid);
+      fill_128bit_uuid_array(descriptor_resp.uuid, desc_result.uuid);
      descriptor_resp.handle = desc_result.handle;
      desc_offset++;
    }
@ -234,9 +233,7 @@ bool BluetoothConnection::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_ga
      api::BluetoothGATTReadResponse resp;
      resp.address = this->address_;
      resp.handle = param->read.handle;
-      resp.data.reserve(param->read.value_len);
+      resp.set_data(param->read.value, param->read.value_len);
      // Use bulk insert instead of individual push_backs
      resp.data.insert(resp.data.end(), param->read.value, param->read.value + param->read.value_len);
      this->proxy_->get_api_connection()->send_message(resp, api::BluetoothGATTReadResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
      break;
    }
@ -287,9 +284,7 @@ bool BluetoothConnection::gattc_event_handler(esp_gattc_cb_event_t event, esp_ga
      api::BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse resp;
      resp.address = this->address_;
      resp.handle = param->notify.handle;
-      resp.data.reserve(param->notify.value_len);
+      resp.set_data(param->notify.value, param->notify.value_len);
      // Use bulk insert instead of individual push_backs
      resp.data.insert(resp.data.end(), param->notify.value, param->notify.value + param->notify.value_len);
      this->proxy_->get_api_connection()->send_message(resp, api::BluetoothGATTNotifyDataResponse::MESSAGE_TYPE);
      break;
    }
--- a/esphome/components/bme680_bsec/init.py
+++ b/esphome/components/bme680_bsec/init.py
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import esp32, i2c
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_SAMPLE_RATE, CONF_TEMPERATURE_OFFSET
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_SAMPLE_RATE, CONF_TEMPERATURE_OFFSET, Framework
 CODEOWNERS = ["@trvrnrth"]
 DEPENDENCIES = ["i2c"]
@ -56,7 +56,15 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
            ): cv.positive_time_period_minutes,
        }
    ).extend(i2c.i2c_device_schema(0x76)),
-    cv.only_with_arduino,
+    cv.only_with_framework(
        frameworks=Framework.ARDUINO,
        suggestions={
            Framework.ESP_IDF: (
                "bme68x_bsec2_i2c",
                "sensor/bme68x_bsec2",
            )
        },
    ),
    cv.Any(
        cv.only_on_esp8266,
        cv.All(
--- a/esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/init.py
+++ b/esphome/components/esp32_ble_tracker/init.py
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
    CONF_SERVICE_UUID,
    CONF_TRIGGER_ID,
 )
-from esphome.core import CORE
+from esphome.core import CORE, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.enum import StrEnum
 from esphome.types import ConfigType
@ -365,14 +365,22 @@ async def to_code(config):
    cg.add_define("USE_OTA_STATE_CALLBACK")  # To be notified when an OTA update starts
    cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_CLIENT")
-    # Add feature-specific defines based on what's needed
+    CORE.add_job(_add_ble_features)
    if BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE in _required_features:
        cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_DEVICE")
    if config.get(CONF_SOFTWARE_COEXISTENCE):
        cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_SOFTWARE_COEXISTENCE")
 # This needs to be run as a job with very low priority so that all components have
 # chance to call register_ble_tracker and register_client before the list is checked
 # and added to the global defines list.
@coroutine_with_priority(-1000)
 async def _add_ble_features():
    # Add feature-specific defines based on what's needed
    if BLEFeatures.ESP_BT_DEVICE in _required_features:
        cg.add_define("USE_ESP32_BLE_DEVICE")
 ESP32_BLE_START_SCAN_ACTION_SCHEMA = cv.Schema(
    {
        cv.GenerateID(): cv.use_id(ESP32BLETracker),
--- a/esphome/components/esp32_touch/esp32_touch_v1.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/esp32_touch/esp32_touch_v1.cpp
@ -16,6 +16,8 @@ namespace esp32_touch {
 static const char *const TAG = "esp32_touch";
 static const uint32_t SETUP_MODE_THRESHOLD = 0xFFFF;
 void ESP32TouchComponent::setup() {
  // Create queue for touch events
  // Queue size calculation: children * 4 allows for burst scenarios where ISR
@ -44,8 +46,12 @@ void ESP32TouchComponent::setup() {
  // Configure each touch pad
  for (auto *child : this->children_) {
    if (this->setup_mode_) {
      touch_pad_config(child->get_touch_pad(), SETUP_MODE_THRESHOLD);
    } else {
      touch_pad_config(child->get_touch_pad(), child->get_threshold());
    }
  }
  // Register ISR handler
  esp_err_t err = touch_pad_isr_register(touch_isr_handler, this);
@ -114,8 +120,8 @@ void ESP32TouchComponent::loop() {
        child->publish_state(new_state);
        // Original ESP32: ISR only fires when touched, release is detected by timeout
        // Note: ESP32 v1 uses inverted logic - touched when value < threshold
-        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Touch Pad '%s' state: ON (value: %" PRIu32 " < threshold: %" PRIu32 ")",
+        ESP_LOGV(TAG, "Touch Pad '%s' state: %s (value: %" PRIu32 " < threshold: %" PRIu32 ")",
-                 child->get_name().c_str(), event.value, child->get_threshold());
+                 child->get_name().c_str(), ONOFF(new_state), event.value, child->get_threshold());
      }
      break;  // Exit inner loop after processing matching pad
    }
@ -188,11 +194,6 @@ void IRAM_ATTR ESP32TouchComponent::touch_isr_handler(void *arg) {
  // as any pad remains touched. This allows us to detect both new touches and
  // continued touches, but releases must be detected by timeout in the main loop.
  // IMPORTANT: ESP32 v1 touch detection logic - INVERTED compared to v2!
  // ESP32 v1: Touch is detected when capacitance INCREASES, causing the measured value to DECREASE
  // Therefore: touched = (value < threshold)
  // This is opposite to ESP32-S2/S3 v2 where touched = (value > threshold)
  // Process all configured pads to check their current state
  // Note: ESP32 v1 doesn't tell us which specific pad triggered the interrupt,
  // so we must scan all configured pads to find which ones were touched
@ -211,11 +212,16 @@ void IRAM_ATTR ESP32TouchComponent::touch_isr_handler(void *arg) {
    }
    // Skip pads that aren’t in the trigger mask
-    bool is_touched = (mask >> pad) & 1;
+    if (((mask >> pad) & 1) == 0) {
    if (!is_touched) {
      continue;
    }
    // IMPORTANT: ESP32 v1 touch detection logic - INVERTED compared to v2!
    // ESP32 v1: Touch is detected when capacitance INCREASES, causing the measured value to DECREASE
    // Therefore: touched = (value < threshold)
    // This is opposite to ESP32-S2/S3 v2 where touched = (value > threshold)
    bool is_touched = value < child->get_threshold();
    // Always send the current state - the main loop will filter for changes
    // We send both touched and untouched states because the ISR doesn't
    // track previous state (to keep ISR fast and simple)
--- a/esphome/components/fastled_clockless/light.py
+++ b/esphome/components/fastled_clockless/light.py
@ -2,7 +2,13 @@ from esphome import pins
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import fastled_base
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_CHIPSET, CONF_NUM_LEDS, CONF_PIN, CONF_RGB_ORDER
+from esphome.const import (
    CONF_CHIPSET,
    CONF_NUM_LEDS,
    CONF_PIN,
    CONF_RGB_ORDER,
    Framework,
 )
 AUTO_LOAD = ["fastled_base"]
@ -48,13 +54,22 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
            cv.Required(CONF_PIN): pins.internal_gpio_output_pin_number,
        }
    ),
-    _validate,
+    cv.only_with_framework(
        frameworks=Framework.ARDUINO,
        suggestions={
            Framework.ESP_IDF: (
                "esp32_rmt_led_strip",
                "light/esp32_rmt_led_strip",
            )
        },
    ),
    cv.require_framework_version(
        esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 7, 4),
        esp32_arduino=cv.Version(99, 0, 0),
        max_version=True,
        extra_message="Please see note on documentation for FastLED",
    ),
    _validate,
 )
--- a/esphome/components/fastled_spi/light.py
+++ b/esphome/components/fastled_spi/light.py
@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
    CONF_DATA_RATE,
    CONF_NUM_LEDS,
    CONF_RGB_ORDER,
    Framework,
 )
 AUTO_LOAD = ["fastled_base"]
@ -33,6 +34,15 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
            cv.Optional(CONF_DATA_RATE): cv.frequency,
        }
    ),
    cv.only_with_framework(
        frameworks=Framework.ARDUINO,
        suggestions={
            Framework.ESP_IDF: (
                "spi_led_strip",
                "light/spi_led_strip",
            )
        },
    ),
    cv.require_framework_version(
        esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 7, 4),
        esp32_arduino=cv.Version(99, 0, 0),
--- a/esphome/components/homeassistant/number/homeassistant_number.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/homeassistant/number/homeassistant_number.cpp
@ -83,18 +83,24 @@ void HomeassistantNumber::control(float value) {
  this->publish_state(value);
  static constexpr auto SERVICE_NAME = StringRef::from_lit("number.set_value");
  static constexpr auto ENTITY_ID_KEY = StringRef::from_lit("entity_id");
  static constexpr auto VALUE_KEY = StringRef::from_lit("value");
  api::HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
-  resp.service = "number.set_value";
+  resp.set_service(SERVICE_NAME);
-  api::HomeassistantServiceMap entity_id;
+  resp.data.emplace_back();
-  entity_id.key = "entity_id";
+  auto &entity_id = resp.data.back();
-  entity_id.value = this->entity_id_;
+  entity_id.set_key(ENTITY_ID_KEY);
-  resp.data.push_back(entity_id);
+  entity_id.set_value(StringRef(this->entity_id_));
-  api::HomeassistantServiceMap entity_value;
+  resp.data.emplace_back();
-  entity_value.key = "value";
+  auto &entity_value = resp.data.back();
-  entity_value.value = to_string(value);
+  entity_value.set_key(VALUE_KEY);
-  resp.data.push_back(entity_value);
+  // to_string() returns a temporary - must store it to avoid dangling reference
  std::string value_str = to_string(value);
  entity_value.set_value(StringRef(value_str));
  api::global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
 }
--- a/esphome/components/homeassistant/switch/homeassistant_switch.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/homeassistant/switch/homeassistant_switch.cpp
@ -40,17 +40,21 @@ void HomeassistantSwitch::write_state(bool state) {
    return;
  }
  static constexpr auto SERVICE_ON = StringRef::from_lit("homeassistant.turn_on");
  static constexpr auto SERVICE_OFF = StringRef::from_lit("homeassistant.turn_off");
  static constexpr auto ENTITY_ID_KEY = StringRef::from_lit("entity_id");
  api::HomeassistantServiceResponse resp;
  if (state) {
-    resp.service = "homeassistant.turn_on";
+    resp.set_service(SERVICE_ON);
  } else {
-    resp.service = "homeassistant.turn_off";
+    resp.set_service(SERVICE_OFF);
  }
-  api::HomeassistantServiceMap entity_id_kv;
+  resp.data.emplace_back();
-  entity_id_kv.key = "entity_id";
+  auto &entity_id_kv = resp.data.back();
-  entity_id_kv.value = this->entity_id_;
+  entity_id_kv.set_key(ENTITY_ID_KEY);
-  resp.data.push_back(entity_id_kv);
+  entity_id_kv.set_value(StringRef(this->entity_id_));
  api::global_api_server->send_homeassistant_service_call(resp);
 }
--- a/esphome/components/neopixelbus/light.py
+++ b/esphome/components/neopixelbus/light.py
@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
    CONF_PIN,
    CONF_TYPE,
    CONF_VARIANT,
    Framework,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE
@ -162,7 +163,15 @@ def _validate_method(value):
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    cv.only_with_arduino,
+    cv.only_with_framework(
        frameworks=Framework.ARDUINO,
        suggestions={
            Framework.ESP_IDF: (
                "esp32_rmt_led_strip",
                "light/esp32_rmt_led_strip",
            )
        },
    ),
    cv.require_framework_version(
        esp8266_arduino=cv.Version(2, 4, 0),
        esp32_arduino=cv.Version(0, 0, 0),
--- a/esphome/components/nrf52/init.py
+++ b/esphome/components/nrf52/init.py
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
    KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK,
    KEY_TARGET_PLATFORM,
    PLATFORM_NRF52,
    CoreModel,
 )
 from esphome.core import CORE, EsphomeError, coroutine_with_priority
 from esphome.storage_json import StorageJSON
@ -108,6 +109,8 @@ async def to_code(config: ConfigType) -> None:
    cg.add_build_flag("-DUSE_NRF52")
    cg.add_define("ESPHOME_BOARD", config[CONF_BOARD])
    cg.add_define("ESPHOME_VARIANT", "NRF52")
    # nRF52 processors are single-core
    cg.add_define(CoreModel.SINGLE)
    cg.add_platformio_option(CONF_FRAMEWORK, CORE.data[KEY_CORE][KEY_TARGET_FRAMEWORK])
    cg.add_platformio_option(
        "platform",
--- a/esphome/components/text/text_traits.h
+++ b/esphome/components/text/text_traits.h
@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include "esphome/core/helpers.h"
 #include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 namespace esphome {
 namespace text {
@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ class TextTraits {
  // Set/get the pattern.
  void set_pattern(std::string pattern) { this->pattern_ = std::move(pattern); }
  std::string get_pattern() const { return this->pattern_; }
  StringRef get_pattern_ref() const { return StringRef(this->pattern_); }
  // Set/get the frontend mode.
  void set_mode(TextMode mode) { this->mode_ = mode; }
--- a/esphome/components/tuya/fan/init.py
+++ b/esphome/components/tuya/fan/init.py
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import esphome.codegen as cg
 from esphome.components import fan
 import esphome.config_validation as cv
-from esphome.const import CONF_OUTPUT_ID, CONF_SPEED_COUNT, CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT
+from esphome.const import CONF_ID, CONF_SPEED_COUNT, CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT
 from .. import CONF_TUYA_ID, Tuya, tuya_ns
@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ CONF_DIRECTION_DATAPOINT = "direction_datapoint"
 TuyaFan = tuya_ns.class_("TuyaFan", cg.Component, fan.Fan)
 CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
-    fan.FAN_SCHEMA.extend(
+    fan.fan_schema(TuyaFan)
    .extend(
        {
            cv.GenerateID(CONF_OUTPUT_ID): cv.declare_id(TuyaFan),
            cv.GenerateID(CONF_TUYA_ID): cv.use_id(Tuya),
            cv.Optional(CONF_OSCILLATION_DATAPOINT): cv.uint8_t,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SPEED_DATAPOINT): cv.uint8_t,
@ -24,7 +24,8 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
            cv.Optional(CONF_DIRECTION_DATAPOINT): cv.uint8_t,
            cv.Optional(CONF_SPEED_COUNT, default=3): cv.int_range(min=1, max=256),
        }
-    ).extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
+    )
    .extend(cv.COMPONENT_SCHEMA),
    cv.has_at_least_one_key(CONF_SPEED_DATAPOINT, CONF_SWITCH_DATAPOINT),
 )
@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ CONFIG_SCHEMA = cv.All(
 async def to_code(config):
    parent = await cg.get_variable(config[CONF_TUYA_ID])
-    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_OUTPUT_ID], parent, config[CONF_SPEED_COUNT])
+    var = cg.new_Pvariable(config[CONF_ID], parent, config[CONF_SPEED_COUNT])
    await cg.register_component(var, config)
    await fan.register_fan(var, config)
--- a/esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.cpp
+++ b/esphome/components/voice_assistant/voice_assistant.cpp
@ -238,10 +238,10 @@ void VoiceAssistant::loop() {
      api::VoiceAssistantRequest msg;
      msg.start = true;
-      msg.conversation_id = this->conversation_id_;
+      msg.set_conversation_id(StringRef(this->conversation_id_));
      msg.flags = flags;
      msg.audio_settings = audio_settings;
-      msg.wake_word_phrase = this->wake_word_;
+      msg.set_wake_word_phrase(StringRef(this->wake_word_));
      this->wake_word_ = "";
      // Reset media player state tracking
@ -273,7 +273,7 @@ void VoiceAssistant::loop() {
        size_t read_bytes = this->ring_buffer_->read((void *) this->send_buffer_, SEND_BUFFER_SIZE, 0);
        if (this->audio_mode_ == AUDIO_MODE_API) {
          api::VoiceAssistantAudio msg;
-          msg.data.assign((char *) this->send_buffer_, read_bytes);
+          msg.set_data(this->send_buffer_, read_bytes);
          this->api_client_->send_message(msg, api::VoiceAssistantAudio::MESSAGE_TYPE);
        } else {
          if (!this->udp_socket_running_) {
--- a/esphome/config_validation.py
+++ b/esphome/config_validation.py
@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ from esphome.const import (
    TYPE_GIT,
    TYPE_LOCAL,
    VALID_SUBSTITUTIONS_CHARACTERS,
    Framework,
    __version__ as ESPHOME_VERSION,
 )
 from esphome.core import (
@ -282,6 +283,38 @@ class FinalExternalInvalid(Invalid):
    """Represents an invalid value in the final validation phase where the path should not be prepended."""
@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
 class Version:
    major: int
    minor: int
    patch: int
    extra: str = ""
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.major}.{self.minor}.{self.patch}"
    @classmethod
    def parse(cls, value: str) -> Version:
        match = re.match(r"^(\d+).(\d+).(\d+)-?(\w*)$", value)
        if match is None:
            raise ValueError(f"Not a valid version number {value}")
        major = int(match[1])
        minor = int(match[2])
        patch = int(match[3])
        extra = match[4] or ""
        return Version(major=major, minor=minor, patch=patch, extra=extra)
    @property
    def is_beta(self) -> bool:
        """Check if this version is a beta version."""
        return self.extra.startswith("b")
    @property
    def is_dev(self) -> bool:
        """Check if this version is a development version."""
        return self.extra.startswith("dev")
 def check_not_templatable(value):
    if isinstance(value, Lambda):
        raise Invalid("This option is not templatable!")
@ -619,16 +652,35 @@ def only_on(platforms):
    return validator_
-def only_with_framework(frameworks):
+def only_with_framework(
    frameworks: Framework | str | list[Framework | str], suggestions=None
 ):
    """Validate that this option can only be specified on the given frameworks."""
    if not isinstance(frameworks, list):
        frameworks = [frameworks]
    frameworks = [Framework(framework) for framework in frameworks]
    if suggestions is None:
        suggestions = {}
    version = Version.parse(ESPHOME_VERSION)
    if version.is_beta:
        docs_format = "https://beta.esphome.io/components/{path}"
    elif version.is_dev:
        docs_format = "https://next.esphome.io/components/{path}"
    else:
        docs_format = "https://esphome.io/components/{path}"
    def validator_(obj):
        if CORE.target_framework not in frameworks:
-            raise Invalid(
+            err_str = f"This feature is only available with framework(s) {', '.join([framework.value for framework in frameworks])}"
-                f"This feature is only available with frameworks {frameworks}"
+            if suggestion := suggestions.get(CORE.target_framework, None):
-            )
+                (component, docs_path) = suggestion
                err_str += f"\nPlease use '{component}'"
                if docs_path:
                    err_str += f": {docs_format.format(path=docs_path)}"
            raise Invalid(err_str)
        return obj
    return validator_
@ -637,8 +689,8 @@ def only_with_framework(frameworks):
 only_on_esp32 = only_on(PLATFORM_ESP32)
 only_on_esp8266 = only_on(PLATFORM_ESP8266)
 only_on_rp2040 = only_on(PLATFORM_RP2040)
-only_with_arduino = only_with_framework("arduino")
+only_with_arduino = only_with_framework(Framework.ARDUINO)
-only_with_esp_idf = only_with_framework("esp-idf")
+only_with_esp_idf = only_with_framework(Framework.ESP_IDF)
 # Adapted from:
@ -1966,26 +2018,6 @@ def source_refresh(value: str):
    return positive_time_period_seconds(value)
@dataclass(frozen=True, order=True)
 class Version:
    major: int
    minor: int
    patch: int
    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.major}.{self.minor}.{self.patch}"
    @classmethod
    def parse(cls, value: str) -> Version:
        match = re.match(r"^(\d+).(\d+).(\d+)-?\w*$", value)
        if match is None:
            raise ValueError(f"Not a valid version number {value}")
        major = int(match[1])
        minor = int(match[2])
        patch = int(match[3])
        return Version(major=major, minor=minor, patch=patch)
 def version_number(value):
    value = string_strict(value)
    try:
--- a/esphome/core/application.cpp
+++ b/esphome/core/application.cpp
@ -71,8 +71,11 @@ void Application::setup() {
    do {
      uint8_t new_app_state = STATUS_LED_WARNING;
-      this->scheduler.call(millis());
+      uint32_t now = millis();
-      this->feed_wdt();
+
      // Process pending loop enables to handle GPIO interrupts during setup
      this->before_loop_tasks_(now);
      for (uint32_t j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
        // Update loop_component_start_time_ right before calling each component
        this->loop_component_start_time_ = millis();
@ -81,6 +84,8 @@ void Application::setup() {
        this->app_state_ |= new_app_state;
        this->feed_wdt();
      }
      this->after_loop_tasks_();
      this->app_state_ = new_app_state;
      yield();
    } while (!component->can_proceed());
@ -100,27 +105,7 @@ void Application::loop() {
  // Get the initial loop time at the start
  uint32_t last_op_end_time = millis();
-  this->scheduler.call(last_op_end_time);
+  this->before_loop_tasks_(last_op_end_time);
  // Feed WDT with time
  this->feed_wdt(last_op_end_time);
  // Process any pending enable_loop requests from ISRs
  // This must be done before marking in_loop_ = true to avoid race conditions
  if (this->has_pending_enable_loop_requests_) {
    // Clear flag BEFORE processing to avoid race condition
    // If ISR sets it during processing, we'll catch it next loop iteration
    // This is safe because:
    // 1. Each component has its own pending_enable_loop_ flag that we check
    // 2. If we can't process a component (wrong state), enable_pending_loops_()
    //    will set this flag back to true
    // 3. Any new ISR requests during processing will set the flag again
    this->has_pending_enable_loop_requests_ = false;
    this->enable_pending_loops_();
  }
  // Mark that we're in the loop for safe reentrant modifications
  this->in_loop_ = true;
  for (this->current_loop_index_ = 0; this->current_loop_index_ < this->looping_components_active_end_;
       this->current_loop_index_++) {
@ -141,7 +126,7 @@ void Application::loop() {
    this->feed_wdt(last_op_end_time);
  }
-  this->in_loop_ = false;
+  this->after_loop_tasks_();
  this->app_state_ = new_app_state;
 #ifdef USE_RUNTIME_STATS
@ -411,6 +396,36 @@ void Application::enable_pending_loops_() {
  }
 }
 void Application::before_loop_tasks_(uint32_t loop_start_time) {
  // Process scheduled tasks
  this->scheduler.call(loop_start_time);
  // Feed the watchdog timer
  this->feed_wdt(loop_start_time);
  // Process any pending enable_loop requests from ISRs
  // This must be done before marking in_loop_ = true to avoid race conditions
  if (this->has_pending_enable_loop_requests_) {
    // Clear flag BEFORE processing to avoid race condition
    // If ISR sets it during processing, we'll catch it next loop iteration
    // This is safe because:
    // 1. Each component has its own pending_enable_loop_ flag that we check
    // 2. If we can't process a component (wrong state), enable_pending_loops_()
    //    will set this flag back to true
    // 3. Any new ISR requests during processing will set the flag again
    this->has_pending_enable_loop_requests_ = false;
    this->enable_pending_loops_();
  }
  // Mark that we're in the loop for safe reentrant modifications
  this->in_loop_ = true;
 }
 void Application::after_loop_tasks_() {
  // Clear the in_loop_ flag to indicate we're done processing components
  this->in_loop_ = false;
 }
 #ifdef USE_SOCKET_SELECT_SUPPORT
 bool Application::register_socket_fd(int fd) {
  // WARNING: This function is NOT thread-safe and must only be called from the main loop
--- a/esphome/core/application.h
+++ b/esphome/core/application.h
@ -512,6 +512,8 @@ class Application {
  void enable_component_loop_(Component *component);
  void enable_pending_loops_();
  void activate_looping_component_(uint16_t index);
  void before_loop_tasks_(uint32_t loop_start_time);
  void after_loop_tasks_();
  void feed_wdt_arch_();
--- a/esphome/core/entity_base.h
+++ b/esphome/core/entity_base.h
@ -54,6 +54,14 @@ class EntityBase {
  // Get/set this entity's icon
  std::string get_icon() const;
  void set_icon(const char *icon);
  StringRef get_icon_ref() const {
    static constexpr auto EMPTY_STRING = StringRef::from_lit("");
 #ifdef USE_ENTITY_ICON
    return this->icon_c_str_ == nullptr ? EMPTY_STRING : StringRef(this->icon_c_str_);
 #else
    return EMPTY_STRING;
 #endif
  }
 #ifdef USE_DEVICES
  // Get/set this entity's device id
@ -105,6 +113,11 @@ class EntityBase_DeviceClass {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
  std::string get_device_class();
  /// Manually set the device class.
  void set_device_class(const char *device_class);
  /// Get the device class as StringRef
  StringRef get_device_class_ref() const {
    static constexpr auto EMPTY_STRING = StringRef::from_lit("");
    return this->device_class_ == nullptr ? EMPTY_STRING : StringRef(this->device_class_);
  }
 protected:
  const char *device_class_{nullptr};  ///< Device class override
@ -116,6 +129,11 @@ class EntityBase_UnitOfMeasurement {  // NOLINT(readability-identifier-naming)
  std::string get_unit_of_measurement();
  /// Manually set the unit of measurement.
  void set_unit_of_measurement(const char *unit_of_measurement);
  /// Get the unit of measurement as StringRef
  StringRef get_unit_of_measurement_ref() const {
    static constexpr auto EMPTY_STRING = StringRef::from_lit("");
    return this->unit_of_measurement_ == nullptr ? EMPTY_STRING : StringRef(this->unit_of_measurement_);
  }
 protected:
  const char *unit_of_measurement_{nullptr};  ///< Unit of measurement override
--- a/script/api_protobuf/api_protobuf.py
+++ b/script/api_protobuf/api_protobuf.py
@ -113,8 +113,15 @@ def force_str(force: bool) -> str:
 class TypeInfo(ABC):
    """Base class for all type information."""
-    def __init__(self, field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto) -> None:
+    def __init__(
        self,
        field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto,
        needs_decode: bool = True,
        needs_encode: bool = True,
    ) -> None:
        self._field = field
        self._needs_decode = needs_decode
        self._needs_encode = needs_encode
    @property
    def default_value(self) -> str:
@ -313,9 +320,16 @@ def validate_field_type(field_type: int, field_name: str = "") -> None:
        )
-def create_field_type_info(field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto) -> TypeInfo:
+def create_field_type_info(
    field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto,
    needs_decode: bool = True,
    needs_encode: bool = True,
 ) -> TypeInfo:
    """Create the appropriate TypeInfo instance for a field, handling repeated fields and custom options."""
    if field.label == 3:  # repeated
        # Check if this repeated field has fixed_array_size option
        if (fixed_size := get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_array_size)) is not None:
            return FixedArrayRepeatedType(field, fixed_size)
        return RepeatedTypeInfo(field)
    # Check for fixed_array_size option on bytes fields
@ -325,6 +339,14 @@ def create_field_type_info(field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto) -> TypeInfo:
    ):
        return FixedArrayBytesType(field, fixed_size)
    # Special handling for bytes fields
    if field.type == 12:
        return BytesType(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
    # Special handling for string fields
    if field.type == 9:
        return StringType(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
    validate_field_type(field.type, field.name)
    return TYPE_INFO[field.type](field)
@ -525,13 +547,68 @@ class StringType(TypeInfo):
    encode_func = "encode_string"
    wire_type = WireType.LENGTH_DELIMITED  # Uses wire type 2
    @property
    def public_content(self) -> list[str]:
        content: list[str] = []
        # Add std::string storage if message needs decoding
        if self._needs_decode:
            content.append(f"std::string {self.field_name}{{}};")
        if self._needs_encode:
            content.extend(
                [
                    # Add StringRef field if message needs encoding
                    f"StringRef {self.field_name}_ref_{{}};",
                    # Add setter method if message needs encoding
                    f"void set_{self.field_name}(const StringRef &ref) {{",
                    f"  this->{self.field_name}_ref_ = ref;",
                    "}",
                ]
            )
        return content
    @property
    def encode_content(self) -> str:
        return f"buffer.encode_string({self.number}, this->{self.field_name}_ref_);"
    def dump(self, name):
-        o = f'out.append("\'").append({name}).append("\'");'
+        # If name is 'it', this is a repeated field element - always use string
-        return o
+        if name == "it":
            return "append_quoted_string(out, StringRef(it));"
        # For SOURCE_CLIENT only, always use std::string
        if not self._needs_encode:
            return f'out.append("\'").append(this->{self.field_name}).append("\'");'
        # For SOURCE_SERVER, always use StringRef
        if not self._needs_decode:
            return f"append_quoted_string(out, this->{self.field_name}_ref_);"
        # For SOURCE_BOTH, check if StringRef is set (sending) or use string (received)
        return (
            f"if (!this->{self.field_name}_ref_.empty()) {{"
            f'  out.append("\'").append(this->{self.field_name}_ref_.c_str()).append("\'");'
            f"}} else {{"
            f'  out.append("\'").append(this->{self.field_name}).append("\'");'
            f"}}"
        )
    def get_size_calculation(self, name: str, force: bool = False) -> str:
        # For SOURCE_CLIENT only messages, use the string field directly
        if not self._needs_encode:
            return self._get_simple_size_calculation(name, force, "add_string_field")
        # Check if this is being called from a repeated field context
        # In that case, 'name' will be 'it' and we need to use the repeated version
        if name == "it":
            # For repeated fields, we need to use add_string_field_repeated which includes field ID
            field_id_size = self.calculate_field_id_size()
            return f"ProtoSize::add_string_field_repeated(total_size, {field_id_size}, it);"
        # For messages that need encoding, use the StringRef size
        field_id_size = self.calculate_field_id_size()
        return f"ProtoSize::add_string_field(total_size, {field_id_size}, this->{self.field_name}_ref_.size());"
    def get_estimated_size(self) -> int:
        return self.calculate_field_id_size() + 8  # field ID + 8 bytes typical string
@ -578,6 +655,8 @@ class MessageType(TypeInfo):
        return self._get_simple_size_calculation(name, force, "add_message_object")
    def get_estimated_size(self) -> int:
        # For message types, we can't easily estimate the submessage size without
        # access to the actual message definition. This is just a rough estimate.
        return (
            self.calculate_field_id_size() + 16
        )  # field ID + 16 bytes estimated submessage
@ -589,20 +668,59 @@ class BytesType(TypeInfo):
    default_value = ""
    reference_type = "std::string &"
    const_reference_type = "const std::string &"
    decode_length = "value.as_string()"
    encode_func = "encode_bytes"
    decode_length = "value.as_string()"
    wire_type = WireType.LENGTH_DELIMITED  # Uses wire type 2
    @property
    def public_content(self) -> list[str]:
        content: list[str] = []
        # Add std::string storage if message needs decoding
        if self._needs_decode:
            content.append(f"std::string {self.field_name}{{}};")
        if self._needs_encode:
            content.extend(
                [
                    # Add pointer/length fields if message needs encoding
                    f"const uint8_t* {self.field_name}_ptr_{{nullptr}};",
                    f"size_t {self.field_name}_len_{{0}};",
                    # Add setter method if message needs encoding
                    f"void set_{self.field_name}(const uint8_t* data, size_t len) {{",
                    f"  this->{self.field_name}_ptr_ = data;",
                    f"  this->{self.field_name}_len_ = len;",
                    "}",
                ]
            )
        return content
    @property
    def encode_content(self) -> str:
-        return f"buffer.encode_bytes({self.number}, reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->{self.field_name}.data()), this->{self.field_name}.size());"
+        return f"buffer.encode_bytes({self.number}, this->{self.field_name}_ptr_, this->{self.field_name}_len_);"
    def dump(self, name: str) -> str:
-        o = f"out.append(format_hex_pretty({name}));"
+        ptr_dump = f"format_hex_pretty(this->{self.field_name}_ptr_, this->{self.field_name}_len_)"
-        return o
+        str_dump = f"format_hex_pretty(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(this->{self.field_name}.data()), this->{self.field_name}.size())"
        # For SOURCE_CLIENT only, always use std::string
        if not self._needs_encode:
            return f"out.append({str_dump});"
        # For SOURCE_SERVER, always use pointer/length
        if not self._needs_decode:
            return f"out.append({ptr_dump});"
        # For SOURCE_BOTH, check if pointer is set (sending) or use string (received)
        return (
            f"if (this->{self.field_name}_ptr_ != nullptr) {{\n"
            f"    out.append({ptr_dump});\n"
            f"  }} else {{\n"
            f"    out.append({str_dump});\n"
            f"  }}"
        )
    def get_size_calculation(self, name: str, force: bool = False) -> str:
-        return self._get_simple_size_calculation(name, force, "add_string_field")
+        return f"ProtoSize::add_bytes_field(total_size, {self.calculate_field_id_size()}, this->{self.field_name}_len_);"
    def get_estimated_size(self) -> int:
        return self.calculate_field_id_size() + 8  # field ID + 8 bytes typical bytes
@ -829,6 +947,111 @@ class SInt64Type(TypeInfo):
        return self.calculate_field_id_size() + 3  # field ID + 3 bytes typical varint
 class FixedArrayRepeatedType(TypeInfo):
    """Special type for fixed-size repeated fields using std::array.
    Fixed arrays are only supported for encoding (SOURCE_SERVER) since we cannot
    control how many items we receive when decoding.
    """
    def __init__(self, field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto, size: int) -> None:
        super().__init__(field)
        self.array_size = size
        # Create the element type info
        validate_field_type(field.type, field.name)
        self._ti: TypeInfo = TYPE_INFO[field.type](field)
    @property
    def cpp_type(self) -> str:
        return f"std::array<{self._ti.cpp_type}, {self.array_size}>"
    @property
    def reference_type(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.cpp_type} &"
    @property
    def const_reference_type(self) -> str:
        return f"const {self.cpp_type} &"
    @property
    def wire_type(self) -> WireType:
        """Get the wire type for this fixed array field."""
        return self._ti.wire_type
    @property
    def public_content(self) -> list[str]:
        # Just the array member, no index needed since we don't decode
        return [f"{self.cpp_type} {self.field_name}{{}};"]
    # No decode methods needed - fixed arrays don't support decoding
    # The base class TypeInfo already returns None for all decode properties
    @property
    def encode_content(self) -> str:
        # Helper to generate encode statement for a single element
        def encode_element(element: str) -> str:
            if isinstance(self._ti, EnumType):
                return f"buffer.{self._ti.encode_func}({self.number}, static_cast<uint32_t>({element}), true);"
            else:
                return f"buffer.{self._ti.encode_func}({self.number}, {element}, true);"
        # Unroll small arrays for efficiency
        if self.array_size == 1:
            return encode_element(f"this->{self.field_name}[0]")
        elif self.array_size == 2:
            return (
                encode_element(f"this->{self.field_name}[0]")
                + "\n  "
                + encode_element(f"this->{self.field_name}[1]")
            )
        # Use loops for larger arrays
        o = f"for (const auto &it : this->{self.field_name}) {{\n"
        o += f"  {encode_element('it')}\n"
        o += "}"
        return o
    @property
    def dump_content(self) -> str:
        o = f"for (const auto &it : this->{self.field_name}) {{\n"
        o += f'  out.append("  {self.name}: ");\n'
        o += indent(self._ti.dump("it")) + "\n"
        o += '  out.append("\\n");\n'
        o += "}\n"
        return o
    def dump(self, name: str) -> str:
        # This is used when dumping the array itself (not its elements)
        # Since dump_content handles the iteration, this is not used directly
        return ""
    def get_size_calculation(self, name: str, force: bool = False) -> str:
        # For fixed arrays, we always encode all elements
        # Special case for single-element arrays - no loop needed
        if self.array_size == 1:
            return self._ti.get_size_calculation(f"{name}[0]", True)
        # Special case for 2-element arrays - unroll the calculation
        if self.array_size == 2:
            return (
                self._ti.get_size_calculation(f"{name}[0]", True)
                + "\n  "
                + self._ti.get_size_calculation(f"{name}[1]", True)
            )
        # Use loops for larger arrays
        o = f"for (const auto &it : {name}) {{\n"
        o += f"  {self._ti.get_size_calculation('it', True)}\n"
        o += "}"
        return o
    def get_estimated_size(self) -> int:
        # For fixed arrays, estimate underlying type size * array size
        underlying_size = self._ti.get_estimated_size()
        return underlying_size * self.array_size
 class RepeatedTypeInfo(TypeInfo):
    def __init__(self, field: descriptor.FieldDescriptorProto) -> None:
        super().__init__(field)
@ -1257,7 +1480,20 @@ def build_message_type(
        if field.options.deprecated:
            continue
-        ti = create_field_type_info(field)
+        # Validate that fixed_array_size is only used in encode-only messages
        if (
            needs_decode
            and field.label == 3
            and get_field_opt(field, pb.fixed_array_size) is not None
        ):
            raise ValueError(
                f"Message '{desc.name}' uses fixed_array_size on field '{field.name}' "
                f"but has source={SOURCE_NAMES[source]}. "
                f"Fixed arrays are only supported for SOURCE_SERVER (encode-only) messages "
                f"since we cannot trust or control the number of items received from clients."
            )
        ti = create_field_type_info(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
        # Skip field declarations for fields that are in the base class
        # but include their encode/decode logic
@ -1446,6 +1682,12 @@ SOURCE_BOTH = 0
 SOURCE_SERVER = 1
 SOURCE_CLIENT = 2
 SOURCE_NAMES = {
    SOURCE_BOTH: "SOURCE_BOTH",
    SOURCE_SERVER: "SOURCE_SERVER",
    SOURCE_CLIENT: "SOURCE_CLIENT",
 }
 RECEIVE_CASES: dict[int, tuple[str, str | None]] = {}
 ifdefs: dict[str, str] = {}
@ -1572,10 +1814,20 @@ def build_base_class(
    public_content = []
    protected_content = []
    # Determine if any message using this base class needs decoding/encoding
    needs_decode = any(
        message_source_map.get(msg.name, SOURCE_BOTH) in (SOURCE_BOTH, SOURCE_CLIENT)
        for msg in messages
    )
    needs_encode = any(
        message_source_map.get(msg.name, SOURCE_BOTH) in (SOURCE_BOTH, SOURCE_SERVER)
        for msg in messages
    )
    # For base classes, we only declare the fields but don't handle encode/decode
    # The derived classes will handle encoding/decoding with their specific field numbers
    for field in common_fields:
-        ti = create_field_type_info(field)
+        ti = create_field_type_info(field, needs_decode, needs_encode)
        # Get field_ifdef if it's consistent across all messages
        field_ifdef = get_common_field_ifdef(field.name, messages)
@ -1586,12 +1838,6 @@ def build_base_class(
        if ti.public_content:
            public_content.extend(wrap_with_ifdef(ti.public_content, field_ifdef))
    # Determine if any message using this base class needs decoding
    needs_decode = any(
        message_source_map.get(msg.name, SOURCE_BOTH) in (SOURCE_BOTH, SOURCE_CLIENT)
        for msg in messages
    )
    # Build header
    parent_class = "ProtoDecodableMessage" if needs_decode else "ProtoMessage"
    out = f"class {base_class_name} : public {parent_class} {{\n"
@ -1715,6 +1961,7 @@ def main() -> None:
 #pragma once
 #include "esphome/core/defines.h"
 #include "esphome/core/string_ref.h"
 #include "proto.h"
@ -1748,6 +1995,15 @@ namespace api {
 namespace esphome {
 namespace api {
 // Helper function to append a quoted string, handling empty StringRef
 static inline void append_quoted_string(std::string &out, const StringRef &ref) {
  out.append("'");
  if (!ref.empty()) {
    out.append(ref.c_str());
  }
  out.append("'");
 }
 """
    content += "namespace enums {\n\n"
@ -1988,7 +2244,13 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
            cpp += f"#ifdef {ifdef}\n"
        hpp_protected += f"  void {on_func}(const {inp} &msg) override;\n"
-        hpp += f"  virtual {ret} {func}(const {inp} &msg) = 0;\n"
+
        # For non-void methods, generate a send_ method instead of return-by-value
        if is_void:
            hpp += f"  virtual void {func}(const {inp} &msg) = 0;\n"
        else:
            hpp += f"  virtual bool send_{func}_response(const {inp} &msg) = 0;\n"
        cpp += f"void {class_name}::{on_func}(const {inp} &msg) {{\n"
        # Start with authentication/connection check if needed
@ -2006,10 +2268,7 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
            if is_void:
                handler_body = f"this->{func}(msg);\n"
            else:
-                handler_body = f"{ret} ret = this->{func}(msg);\n"
+                handler_body = f"if (!this->send_{func}_response(msg)) {{\n"
                handler_body += (
                    f"if (!this->send_message(ret, {ret}::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {{\n"
                )
                handler_body += "  this->on_fatal_error();\n"
                handler_body += "}\n"
@ -2021,8 +2280,7 @@ static const char *const TAG = "api.service";
            if is_void:
                body += f"this->{func}(msg);\n"
            else:
-                body += f"{ret} ret = this->{func}(msg);\n"
+                body += f"if (!this->send_{func}_response(msg)) {{\n"
                body += f"if (!this->send_message(ret, {ret}::MESSAGE_TYPE)) {{\n"
                body += "  this->on_fatal_error();\n"
                body += "}\n"
--- a/tests/component_tests/mipi_spi/test_init.py
+++ b/tests/component_tests/mipi_spi/test_init.py
@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ def test_framework_specific_errors(
    with pytest.raises(
        cv.Invalid,
-        match=r"This feature is only available with frameworks \['esp-idf'\]",
+        match=r"This feature is only available with framework\(s\) esp-idf",
    ):
        run_schema_validation({"model": "wt32-sc01-plus"})