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Add Firmata integration docs (#13508)
Co-authored-by: Klaas Schoute <klaas_schoute@hotmail.com>
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Perry Naseck
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source/_integrations/firmata.markdown
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149
source/_integrations/firmata.markdown
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---
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title: Firmata
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description: "Connect Arduino-compatible boards within Home Assistant"
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ha_category:
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- DIY
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- Binary Sensor
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- Switch
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ha_release: 0.114
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ha_iot_class: Local Push
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ha_codeowners:
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- '@DaAwesomeP'
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ha_domain: firmata
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---
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[Firmata](https://github.com/firmata/protocol) can be used to add digital inputs and outputs to Home Assistant. Currently, this component supports high/low digital inputs and outputs. This allows for buttons, switches, motion detectors, relay control, etc. The component can currently connect to a Firmata board via serial or serial over USB.
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The Firmata protocol is a standard protocol for microcontrollers. Most of these boards are support digital and analog inputs and outputs. [Arduino](https://www.arduino.cc/) and Arduino-compatible microcontroller development boards are the most popular boards to use with Firmata.
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There is currently support for the following device types within Home Assistant:
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- [Binary Sensor](#binary_sensor)
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- [Switch](#switches)
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## Configuration
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You will need to upload a [Firmata firmware](https://github.com/firmata/) to your board. Please upload any `StandardFirmata` sketch to your board; please refer to the [Arduino documentation](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Howto) for further information for uploading sketches. Firmata is available in the Arduino Library Manager in the Arduino IDE. You may also use a [Firmata Express](https://github.com/MrYsLab/FirmataExpress).
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To integrate Arduino boards with Home Assistant, add the following section to your `configuration.yaml` file:
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<div class='note warning'>
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Firmata does not store the last state across power cycles. This means that with every powerup the pins are set to off/low and after every initialization, they will be set to the default that you have configured in YAML.
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</div>
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<div class='note warning'>
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Firmata may cycle pins HIGH/LOW during initialization. If your pins should not be accidentally cycled, you may need to modify your Firmtata sketch or if you are using a relay board use an output pin as VCC. See this issue for details: [Make initial pin value configurable](https://github.com/firmata/arduino/issues/166).
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</div>
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You may configure multiple Firmata boards. Each board has the following options:
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{% configuration %}
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serial_port:
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description: The port where your board is connected to your Home Assistant host. It is recommended to use the `by-id` reference (instead of numerical like `/dev/ttyACM0` or `/dev/ttyUSB0`) since these will never change after a reboot. If you are using HassOS, you can find a list of connected serial devices in the Hardware dialog on the System tab of the Supervisor.
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required: true
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type: string
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serial_baud_rate:
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description: The baud rate of the Arduino sketch. If you are using Firmata Express, then you do not need to set this option. **If you are using the default StandardFirmata, then you should set this to `57600`.**
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required: false
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type: integer
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arduino_instance_id:
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description: If you are using Firmata Express, then this should match the instance number that you set in the sketch.
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required: false
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type: integer
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arduino_wait:
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description: Time in seconds to wait for the Arduino is initially respond. May need to be used for boards that respond slowly at first connection.
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required: false
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type: integer
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sleep_tune:
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description: Time in seconds to wait for reply from the Arduino after sending a command. Rarely needs to be adjusted.
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required: false
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type: float
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sampling_interval:
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description: Sampling interval in millseconds sent to Firmata. Most Firmata sketches will ignore any interval less than 10 milliseconds.
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required: false
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type: integer
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switches:
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description: Digital high/low outputs to configure
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required: false
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type: list
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keys:
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name:
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description: The name of the entity to create in Home Assistant
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required: true
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type: string
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pin:
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description: The digital pin number on the board.
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required: true
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type: integer
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pin_mode:
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description: The digital pin output mode. For switches, this must be set to `OUTPUT`. No other output modes are currently implemented.
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required: true
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type: integer
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initial:
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description: The initial output of the pin after initialization. Note that this is inverted if `negate` is enabled.
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required: false
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default: False
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type: boolean
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negate:
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description: Flips the output of the digital pin
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required: false
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default: False
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type: boolean
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binary_sensor:
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description: Digital high/low input to configure
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required: false
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type: list
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keys:
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name:
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description: The name of the entity to create in Home Assistant
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required: true
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type: string
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pin:
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description: The digital pin number on the board.
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required: true
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type: integer
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pin_mode:
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description: The digital pin input mode. Supported modes are `INPUT` and `PULLUP`. Check your board specifications to see which pins have optional internal pullups available.
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required: true
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type: integer
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negate:
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description: Flips the input of the digital pin
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required: false
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default: False
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type: boolean
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{% endconfiguration %}
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<div class='note'>
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If you double-configure a pin, the integration will fail to configure the second one that it attempts to set up and will log an error.
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</div>
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```yaml
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# Example firmata configuration.yaml entry
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firmata:
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- serial_port: /dev/serial/by-id/usb-Teensyduino_USB_Serial_358320-if00
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serial_baud_rate: 57600
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switches:
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- name: my_light
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pin_mode: OUTPUT
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pin: 4
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negate: true
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- name: my_other_output
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pin_mode: OUTPUT
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pin: 5
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initial: true
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- name: my_light
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pin_mode: OUTPUT
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pin: 6
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initial: true
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negate: true
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binary_sensors:
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- name: my_motion
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pin_mode: INPUT
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pin: 2
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- name: my_door
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pin_mode: PULLUP
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pin: 3
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negate: true
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```
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