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Update Bluetooth documentation from recent issue triage (#25826)

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@ -77,33 +77,22 @@ Some systems may not come with Bluetooth and require a USB adapter. Installing a
If you experience an unreliable Bluetooth connection, installing a short USB extension cable between your Bluetooth adapter and your Home Assistant server may improve reliability.
### Known working high performance adapters
### Known working high-performance adapters
#### Cambridge Silicon Radio (CSR) Based adapters
- ASUS USB-BT400 (BCM20702A0)
- Avantree BTDG-40S (CSR8510A10)
- Cable Matters 604002-BLK (BCM20702A0)
- Enbiawit BT403 (CSR8510A10)
- Feasycom FSC-BP119 (CSR8510A10) 📶
- GMYLE 3340 (BCM20702A0)
- HIDEEZ BT0015-01 (CSR8510A10)
- IOGEAR GBU521W6 (BCM20702A0)
- INSIGNIA NS-PCY5BMA (BCM20702A0)
- Kinivo BTD-400 (BCM20702A0)
- LM Technologies LM1010 (BCM20702A0) 📶
- Nuu You BT40 (CSR8510A10)
- ORICO BTA-403 (CSR8510A10)
- ORICO BTA-409 (CSR8510A10)
- Panda Wireless PBU40 (CSR8510A10)
- Plugable USB-BT4LE (BCM20702A0)
- QGOO BT-06A (CSR8510A10)
- Raspberry Pi 3B+ (CYW43455)
- Raspberry Pi 4B (CYW43455)
- ROCKETEK BT4Y (CSR8510A10)
- SABRENT BT-UB40 (CSR8510A10)
- SoundBot SB342 (BCM20702A0)
- StarTech USBBT1EDR4 (CSR8510A10)
- StarTech USBBT2EDR4 (BCM20702A0)
- Targus ACB10US1 (BCM20702A0)
- Techkey PBT06H (CSR8510A10)
- TRENDnet TBW-107UB (CSR8510A10)
- UGREEN CM109 (CSR8510A10)
@ -112,6 +101,43 @@ If you experience an unreliable Bluetooth connection, installing a short USB ext
📶 Denotes external antenna
Most of these adapters can hold five (5) connections at the same time.
These adapters generally offer the fastest connect times and do not require additional drivers or patch files.
#### Broadcom (BCM) based adapters
<div class='note warning'>
These adapters may require additional patch files available at <a href="https://github.com/winterheart/broadcom-bt-firmware">https://github.com/winterheart/broadcom-bt-firmware</a> for stable operation.
There is currently no supported method to install these patch files when using Home Assistant Operating System.
</div>
- ASUS USB-BT400 (BCM20702A0)
- Cable Matters 604002-BLK (BCM20702A0)
- GMYLE 3340 (BCM20702A0)
- IOGEAR GBU521W6 (BCM20702A0)
- INSIGNIA NS-PCY5BMA (BCM20702A0)
- Kinivo BTD-400 (BCM20702A0)
- LM Technologies LM1010 (BCM20702A0) 📶
- Plugable USB-BT4LE (BCM20702A0)
- SoundBot SB342 (BCM20702A0)
- StarTech USBBT2EDR4 (BCM20702A0)
- Targus ACB10US1 (BCM20702A0)
📶 Denotes external antenna
Most of these adapters can hold seven (7) connections at the same time.
#### Cypress based adapters
- Raspberry Pi 3B+ (CYW43455)
- Raspberry Pi 4B (CYW43455)
These adapters are connected via the UART bus which may limit their performance.
#### High-performance determination methodology
Performance is primarily determined by a combination of the chip and the Linux drivers for the adapter. Some vendors using the same chip had an unacceptable performance and are listed as unsupported.
The following requirements must be met for an adapter to be labeled as High Performance:
@ -128,20 +154,14 @@ Performance testing used the following hardware:
- Advertisements from an Oral-B iO Series 8
- External Adapters only: Home Assistant Blue running Home Assistant Operating System 9.3 with a USB extension cable.
#### Broadcom adapters (BCM20702A0)
Most of these adapters can hold seven (7) connections at the same time.
These adapters may take an additional 120 seconds to initialize after boot with Home Assistant Operating System 9.3 when using an ODROID N2+; eventually, they come online.
#### Cambridge Silicon Radio adapters (CSR8510A10)
Most of these adapters can hold five (5) connections at the same time.
These adapters generally offer the fastest connect times.
### Known working adapters
#### Realtek RTL8761BU adapters
<div class='note warning'>
These adapters do not have a reset pin. If they stop responding, there is currently no way for the kernel to reset them automatically. A generic USB reset for these adapters has been introduced in Linux kernel 6.1 and later.
</div>
- ASUS USB-BT500 (RTL8761BU)
- Avantree DG45 (RTL8761BU)
- COMCAST CF-B03 (RTL8761BU)
@ -160,10 +180,6 @@ These adapters generally offer the fastest connect times.
📶 Denotes external antenna
#### Realtek RTL8761BU adapters
These adapters do not have a reset pin. If they stop responding, there is currently no way for the kernel to reset them automatically. A generic USB reset for these adapters has been introduced in Linux kernel 6.1 and later.
### Unsupported adapters
- Alfa AWUS036EACS (RTL8821CU) - Frequent connection failures and drop outs
@ -181,10 +197,13 @@ These adapters do not have a reset pin. If they stop responding, there is curren
## Multiple adapters
The Bluetooth integration employs automatic failover and connection path logic to achieve high availability.
Support for multiple local Bluetooth adapters is available on Linux systems only. Place adapters far enough away from each other to reduce interference.
The following methods are known to work to add multiple adapters:
- [Remote Adapters (Bluetooth proxies)](#remote-adapters-bluetooth-proxies)
- Long USB Extension cables
- USB-Ethernet extenders
- [USB/IP](https://usbip.sourceforge.net/)
@ -193,19 +212,21 @@ Integrations that have followed the [Best practices for library authors](https:/
## Passive Scanning
Passive Scanning on Linux can be enabled in the options flow per adapter if the host system runs BlueZ 5.63 or later with experimental features enabled.
Passive Scanning on Linux can be enabled in the options flow per adapter if the host system runs BlueZ 5.63 or later with experimental features enabled. This functionality is available with Home Assistant Operating System 9.4 and later.
Many integrations require active scanning and may not function when scanning is passive.
{% include integrations/option_flow.md %}
## Remote adapters
## Remote adapters (Bluetooth proxies)
The Bluetooth integration supports receiving advertisement data from external adapters for devices and sensors that do not need an active connection, as well as establishing active connections. The number of remote scanners is limited only by the performance of the host system.
When adding multiple remote adapters to increase range or available connection slots, separate them enough to avoid interference with each other.
The following remote adapters are supported:
- [ESPHome](https://esphome.io)
- [ESPHome](https://esphome.github.io/bluetooth-proxies/)
- Bluetooth advertisement listening: ESPHome ESP32 device with firmware 2022.8.2 or later
- Single active connection: ESPHome ESP32 device with firmware 2022.9.3 or later
- Multiple active connections: ESPHome ESP32 device with firmware 2022.11.0 or later
@ -214,17 +235,6 @@ The following remote adapters are supported:
- Single active connection: not supported
- Multiple active connections: not supported
### ESPHome requirements
Devices with an ESP32 chip running ESPHome must enable the `bluetooth_proxy` component and be added to Home Assistant before advertisements are forwarded.
```yaml
esp32_ble_tracker:
bluetooth_proxy:
```
Many integrations require an active scan for discovery. By default, the [ESPHome tracker](https://esphome.io/components/esp32_ble_tracker.html) runs in active mode. Adding ESPHome remotes that have active scanning disabled may cause some integrations to malfunction.
## Troubleshooting
### Integrations that require exclusive use of the Bluetooth Adapter