---
title: "MQTT Fan"
description: "Instructions on how to integrate MQTT fans into Home Assistant."
ha_category:
- Fan
ha_release: 0.27
ha_iot_class: Configurable
ha_domain: mqtt
---
The `mqtt` fan platform lets you control your MQTT enabled fans.
## Configuration
In an ideal scenario, the MQTT device will have a `state_topic` to publish state changes. If these messages are published with a `RETAIN` flag, the MQTT fan will receive an instant state update after subscription and will start with the correct state. Otherwise, the initial state of the fan will be `unknown`. A MQTT device can reset the current state to `unknown` using a `None` payload.
When a `state_topic` is not available, the fan will work in optimistic mode. In this mode, the fan will immediately change state after every command. Otherwise, the fan will wait for state confirmation from the device (message from `state_topic`). The initial state is set to `False` / `off` in optimistic mode.
Optimistic mode can be forced even if a `state_topic` is available. Try to enable it if you are experiencing incorrect fan operation.
To enable MQTT fans in your installation, add the following to your {% term "`configuration.yaml`" %} file.
{% include integrations/restart_ha_after_config_inclusion.md %}
```yaml
# Example configuration.yaml entry
mqtt:
- fan:
command_topic: "bedroom_fan/on/set"
```
{% configuration %}
availability:
description: A list of MQTT topics subscribed to receive availability (online/offline) updates. Must not be used together with `availability_topic`.
required: false
type: list
keys:
payload_available:
description: The payload that represents the available state.
required: false
type: string
default: online
payload_not_available:
description: The payload that represents the unavailable state.
required: false
type: string
default: offline
topic:
description: An MQTT topic subscribed to receive availability (online/offline) updates.
required: true
type: string
value_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract device's availability from the `topic`. To determine the devices's availability result of this template will be compared to `payload_available` and `payload_not_available`."
required: false
type: template
availability_mode:
description: When `availability` is configured, this controls the conditions needed to set the entity to `available`. Valid entries are `all`, `any`, and `latest`. If set to `all`, `payload_available` must be received on all configured availability topics before the entity is marked as online. If set to `any`, `payload_available` must be received on at least one configured availability topic before the entity is marked as online. If set to `latest`, the last `payload_available` or `payload_not_available` received on any configured availability topic controls the availability.
required: false
type: string
default: latest
availability_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract device's availability from the `availability_topic`. To determine the devices's availability result of this template will be compared to `payload_available` and `payload_not_available`."
required: false
type: template
availability_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive availability (online/offline) updates. Must not be used together with `availability`.
required: false
type: string
command_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-command-templates-with-mqtt) to generate the payload to send to `command_topic`.
required: false
type: template
command_topic:
description: The MQTT topic to publish commands to change the fan state.
required: true
type: string
device:
description: "Information about the device this fan is a part of to tie it into the [device registry](https://developers.home-assistant.io/docs/en/device_registry_index.html). Only works when [`unique_id`](#unique_id) is set. At least one of identifiers or connections must be present to identify the device."
required: false
type: map
keys:
configuration_url:
description: 'A link to the webpage that can manage the configuration of this device. Can be either an `http://`, `https://` or an internal `homeassistant://` URL.'
required: false
type: string
connections:
description: 'A list of connections of the device to the outside world as a list of tuples `[connection_type, connection_identifier]`. For example the MAC address of a network interface: `"connections": [["mac", "02:5b:26:a8:dc:12"]]`.'
required: false
type: list
hw_version:
description: The hardware version of the device.
required: false
type: string
identifiers:
description: A list of IDs that uniquely identify the device. For example a serial number.
required: false
type: [string, list]
manufacturer:
description: The manufacturer of the device.
required: false
type: string
model:
description: The model of the device.
required: false
type: string
model_id:
description: The model identifier of the device.
required: false
type: string
name:
description: The name of the device.
required: false
type: string
serial_number:
description: "The serial number of the device."
required: false
type: string
suggested_area:
description: 'Suggest an area if the device isn’t in one yet.'
required: false
type: string
sw_version:
description: The firmware version of the device.
required: false
type: string
via_device:
description: 'Identifier of a device that routes messages between this device and Home Assistant. Examples of such devices are hubs, or parent devices of a sub-device. This is used to show device topology in Home Assistant.'
required: false
type: string
enabled_by_default:
description: Flag which defines if the entity should be enabled when first added.
required: false
type: boolean
default: true
encoding:
description: The encoding of the payloads received and published messages. Set to `""` to disable decoding of incoming payload.
required: false
type: string
default: "utf-8"
entity_category:
description: The [category](https://developers.home-assistant.io/docs/core/entity#generic-properties) of the entity.
required: false
type: string
entity_picture:
description: "Picture URL for the entity."
required: false
type: string
icon:
description: "[Icon](/docs/configuration/customizing-devices/#icon) for the entity."
required: false
type: icon
json_attributes_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract the JSON dictionary from messages received on the `json_attributes_topic`. Usage example can be found in [MQTT sensor](/integrations/sensor.mqtt/#json-attributes-template-configuration) documentation."
required: false
type: template
json_attributes_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive a JSON dictionary payload and then set as sensor attributes. Usage example can be found in [MQTT sensor](/integrations/sensor.mqtt/#json-attributes-topic-configuration) documentation.
required: false
type: string
name:
description: The name of the fan. Can be set to `null` if only the device name is relevant.
required: false
type: string
default: MQTT Fan
object_id:
description: Used instead of `name` for automatic generation of `entity_id`
required: false
type: string
optimistic:
description: Flag that defines if fan works in optimistic mode
required: false
type: boolean
default: "`true` if no state topic defined, else `false`."
direction_command_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-command-templates-with-mqtt) to generate the payload to send to `direction_command_topic`.
required: false
type: template
direction_command_topic:
description: The MQTT topic to publish commands to change the direction state.
required: false
type: string
direction_state_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive direction state updates.
required: false
type: string
direction_value_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract a value from the direction."
required: false
type: template
oscillation_command_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-command-templates-with-mqtt) to generate the payload to send to `oscillation_command_topic`.
required: false
type: template
oscillation_command_topic:
description: The MQTT topic to publish commands to change the oscillation state.
required: false
type: string
oscillation_state_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive oscillation state updates.
required: false
type: string
oscillation_value_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract a value from the oscillation."
required: false
type: template
payload_available:
description: The payload that represents the available state.
required: false
type: string
default: online
payload_not_available:
description: The payload that represents the unavailable state.
required: false
type: string
default: offline
payload_off:
description: The payload that represents the stop state.
required: false
type: string
default: "OFF"
payload_on:
description: The payload that represents the running state.
required: false
type: string
default: "ON"
payload_oscillation_off:
description: The payload that represents the oscillation off state.
required: false
type: string
default: oscillate_off
payload_oscillation_on:
description: The payload that represents the oscillation on state.
required: false
type: string
default: oscillate_on
payload_reset_percentage:
description: A special payload that resets the `percentage` state attribute to `unknown` when received at the `percentage_state_topic`.
required: false
type: string
default: '"None"'
payload_reset_preset_mode:
description: A special payload that resets the `preset_mode` state attribute to `unknown` when received at the `preset_mode_state_topic`.
required: false
type: string
default: '"None"'
percentage_command_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-command-templates-with-mqtt) to generate the payload to send to `percentage_command_topic`.
required: false
type: template
percentage_command_topic:
description: The MQTT topic to publish commands to change the fan speed state based on a percentage.
required: false
type: string
percentage_state_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive fan speed based on percentage.
required: false
type: string
percentage_value_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract the `percentage` value from the payload received on `percentage_state_topic`.
required: false
type: template
platform:
description: Must be `fan`. Only allowed and required in [MQTT auto discovery device messages](/integrations/mqtt/#device-discovery-payload).
required: true
type: string
preset_mode_command_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-command-templates-with-mqtt) to generate the payload to send to `preset_mode_command_topic`.
required: false
type: template
preset_mode_command_topic:
description: The MQTT topic to publish commands to change the preset mode.
required: false
type: string
preset_mode_state_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive fan speed based on presets.
required: false
type: string
preset_mode_value_template:
description: Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract the `preset_mode` value from the payload received on `preset_mode_state_topic`.
required: false
type: template
preset_modes:
description: List of preset modes this fan is capable of running at. Common examples include `auto`, `smart`, `whoosh`, `eco` and `breeze`.
required: false
type: [list]
default: []
qos:
description: The maximum QoS level to be used when receiving and publishing messages.
required: false
type: integer
default: 0
retain:
description: If the published message should have the retain flag on or not.
required: false
type: boolean
default: true
speed_range_max:
description: The maximum of numeric output range (representing 100 %). The `percentage_step` is defined by `100` / the number of speeds within the speed range.
required: false
type: integer
default: 100
speed_range_min:
description: The minimum of numeric output range (`off` not included, so `speed_range_min` - `1` represents 0 %). The `percentage_step` is defined by `100` / the number of speeds within the speed range.
required: false
type: integer
default: 1
state_topic:
description: The MQTT topic subscribed to receive state updates. A "None" payload resets to an `unknown` state. An empty payload is ignored. By default, valid state payloads are `OFF` and `ON`. The accepted payloads can be overridden with the `payload_off` and `payload_on` config options.
required: false
type: string
state_value_template:
description: "Defines a [template](/docs/configuration/templating/#using-value-templates-with-mqtt) to extract a value from the state."
required: false
type: template
unique_id:
description: An ID that uniquely identifies this fan. If two fans have the same unique ID, Home Assistant will raise an exception. Required when used with device-based discovery.
required: false
type: string
{% endconfiguration %}
{% important %}
Make sure that your topics match exactly. `some-topic/` and `some-topic` are different topics.
{% endimportant %}
## Examples
In this section you find some real-life examples of how to use this fan.
### Full configuration
The example below shows a full configuration for a MQTT fan using percentage and preset modes.
There are 10 speeds within the speed range, so `percentage_step` = 100 / 10 steps = 10.0 %.
```yaml
# Example using percentage based speeds with preset modes configuration.yaml
mqtt:
- fan:
name: "Bedroom Fan"
state_topic: "bedroom_fan/on/state"
command_topic: "bedroom_fan/on/set"
direction_state_topic: "bedroom_fan/direction/state"
direction_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/direction/set"
oscillation_state_topic: "bedroom_fan/oscillation/state"
oscillation_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/oscillation/set"
percentage_state_topic: "bedroom_fan/speed/percentage_state"
percentage_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/speed/percentage"
preset_mode_state_topic: "bedroom_fan/preset/preset_mode_state"
preset_mode_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/preset/preset_mode"
preset_modes:
- "auto"
- "smart"
- "whoosh"
- "eco"
- "breeze"
qos: 0
payload_on: "true"
payload_off: "false"
payload_oscillation_on: "true"
payload_oscillation_off: "false"
speed_range_min: 1
speed_range_max: 10
```
### Configuration using command templates
This example demonstrates how to use command templates with JSON output.
{% raw %}
```yaml
# Example configuration.yaml with command templates
mqtt:
- fan:
name: "Bedroom Fan"
command_topic: "bedroom_fan/on/set"
command_template: "{ state: '{{ value }}'}"
direction_command_template: "{{ iif(value == 'forward', 'fwd', 'rev') }}"
direction_value_template: "{{ iif(value == 'fwd', 'forward', 'reverse') }}"
oscillation_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/oscillation/set"
oscillation_command_template: "{ oscillation: '{{ value }}'}"
percentage_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/speed/percentage"
percentage_command_template: "{ percentage: '{{ value }}'}"
preset_mode_command_topic: "bedroom_fan/preset/preset_mode"
preset_mode_command_template: "{ preset_mode: '{{ value }}'}"
preset_modes:
- "auto"
- "smart"
- "whoosh"
- "eco"
- "breeze"
```
{% endraw %}
This example shows how to configure a fan that doesn't use `forward` and `backward` as directions.
{% raw %}
```yaml
# Example configuration.yaml with direction templates
mqtt:
- fan:
name: "Bedroom Fan"
direction_command_template: "{{ iif(value == 'forward', 'fwd', 'rev') }}"
direction_value_template: "{{ iif(value == 'fwd', 'forward', 'reverse') }}"
```
{% endraw %}