Final improvements: enhanced UI feedback and cleanup

Co-authored-by: DedeHai <6280424+DedeHai@users.noreply.github.com>

.gitignore

@@ -23,3 +23,4 @@ wled-update.sh
 /wled00/Release
 /wled00/wled00.ino.cpp
 /wled00/html_*.h
+compile_commands.json

lib/NeoESP32RmtHI/include/NeoEsp32RmtHIMethod.h

@@ -0,0 +1,469 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+NeoPixel driver for ESP32 RMTs using High-priority Interrupt
+
+(NB. This cannot be mixed with the non-HI driver.)
+
+Written by Will M. Miles.
+
+I invest time and resources providing this open source code,
+please support me by donating (see https://github.com/Makuna/NeoPixelBus)
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This file is part of the Makuna/NeoPixelBus library.
+
+NeoPixelBus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
+the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+NeoPixelBus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License along with NeoPixel.  If not, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#pragma once
+
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+
+// Use the NeoEspRmtSpeed types from the driver-based implementation
+#include <NeoPixelBus.h>
+
+
+namespace NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver {
+    // Install the driver for a specific channel, specifying timing properties
+    esp_err_t Install(rmt_channel_t channel, uint32_t rmtBit0, uint32_t rmtBit1, uint32_t resetDuration);
+
+    // Remove the driver on a specific channel
+    esp_err_t Uninstall(rmt_channel_t channel);
+
+    // Write a buffer of data to a specific channel.
+    // Buffer reference is held until write completes.
+    esp_err_t Write(rmt_channel_t channel, const uint8_t *src, size_t src_size);
+
+    // Wait until transaction is complete.
+    esp_err_t WaitForTxDone(rmt_channel_t channel, TickType_t wait_time);
+};
+
+template<typename T_SPEED, typename T_CHANNEL> class NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase
+{
+public:
+    typedef NeoNoSettings SettingsObject;
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase(uint8_t pin, uint16_t pixelCount, size_t elementSize, size_t settingsSize)  :
+        _sizeData(pixelCount * elementSize + settingsSize),
+        _pin(pin)
+    {
+        construct();
+    }
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase(uint8_t pin, uint16_t pixelCount, size_t elementSize, size_t settingsSize, NeoBusChannel channel) :
+        _sizeData(pixelCount* elementSize + settingsSize),
+        _pin(pin),
+        _channel(channel)
+    {
+        construct();
+    }
+
+    ~NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase()
+    {
+        // wait until the last send finishes before destructing everything
+        // arbitrary time out of 10 seconds
+        ESP_ERROR_CHECK_WITHOUT_ABORT(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::WaitForTxDone(_channel.RmtChannelNumber, 10000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS));
+
+        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Uninstall(_channel.RmtChannelNumber));
+
+        gpio_matrix_out(_pin, SIG_GPIO_OUT_IDX, false, false);
+        pinMode(_pin, INPUT);
+
+        free(_dataEditing);
+        free(_dataSending);
+    }
+
+    bool IsReadyToUpdate() const
+    {
+        return (ESP_OK == ESP_ERROR_CHECK_WITHOUT_ABORT_SILENT_TIMEOUT(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::WaitForTxDone(_channel.RmtChannelNumber, 0)));
+    }
+
+    void Initialize()
+    {
+        rmt_config_t config = {};
+
+        config.rmt_mode = RMT_MODE_TX;
+        config.channel = _channel.RmtChannelNumber;
+        config.gpio_num = static_cast<gpio_num_t>(_pin);
+        config.mem_block_num = 1;
+        config.tx_config.loop_en = false;
+
+        config.tx_config.idle_output_en = true;
+        config.tx_config.idle_level = T_SPEED::IdleLevel;
+
+        config.tx_config.carrier_en = false;
+        config.tx_config.carrier_level = RMT_CARRIER_LEVEL_LOW;
+
+        config.clk_div = T_SPEED::RmtClockDivider;
+
+        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(rmt_config(&config));   // Uses ESP library
+        ESP_ERROR_CHECK(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Install(_channel.RmtChannelNumber, T_SPEED::RmtBit0, T_SPEED::RmtBit1, T_SPEED::RmtDurationReset));
+    }
+
+    void Update(bool maintainBufferConsistency)
+    {
+        // wait for not actively sending data
+        // this will time out at 10 seconds, an arbitrarily long period of time
+        // and do nothing if this happens
+        if (ESP_OK == ESP_ERROR_CHECK_WITHOUT_ABORT(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::WaitForTxDone(_channel.RmtChannelNumber, 10000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS)))
+        {
+            // now start the RMT transmit with the editing buffer before we swap
+            ESP_ERROR_CHECK_WITHOUT_ABORT(NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Write(_channel.RmtChannelNumber, _dataEditing, _sizeData));
+
+            if (maintainBufferConsistency)
+            {
+                // copy editing to sending,
+                // this maintains the contract that "colors present before will
+                // be the same after", otherwise GetPixelColor will be inconsistent
+                memcpy(_dataSending, _dataEditing, _sizeData);
+            }
+
+            // swap so the user can modify without affecting the async operation
+            std::swap(_dataSending, _dataEditing);
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool AlwaysUpdate()
+    {
+        // this method requires update to be called only if changes to buffer
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    bool SwapBuffers()
+    {
+        std::swap(_dataSending, _dataEditing);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    uint8_t* getData() const
+    {
+        return _dataEditing;
+    };
+
+    size_t getDataSize() const
+    {
+        return _sizeData;
+    }
+
+    void applySettings([[maybe_unused]] const SettingsObject& settings)
+    {
+    }
+
+private:
+    const size_t  _sizeData;      // Size of '_data*' buffers
+    const uint8_t _pin;            // output pin number
+    const T_CHANNEL _channel; // holds instance for multi channel support
+
+    // Holds data stream which include LED color values and other settings as needed
+    uint8_t*  _dataEditing;   // exposed for get and set
+    uint8_t*  _dataSending;   // used for async send using RMT
+
+
+    void construct()
+    {
+        _dataEditing = static_cast<uint8_t*>(malloc(_sizeData));
+        // data cleared later in Begin()
+
+        _dataSending = static_cast<uint8_t*>(malloc(_sizeData));
+        // no need to initialize it, it gets overwritten on every send
+    }
+};
+
+// normal
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINSk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINApa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINGs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHIN800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHIN400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2814Method;
+
+#if !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2>  NeoEsp32RmtHI2Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3>  NeoEsp32RmtHI3Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2814Method;
+
+#if !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4>  NeoEsp32RmtHI4Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5>  NeoEsp32RmtHI5Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6>  NeoEsp32RmtHI6Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2814Method;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2811Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2812xMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2816Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2805Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7>  NeoEsp32RmtHI7Sk6812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1814Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1829Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1914Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Apa106Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tx1812Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Gs1903Method;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7800KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7400KbpsMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2805Method NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2814Method;
+
+#endif // !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+#endif // !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+
+// inverted
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINSk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINApa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINTx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHINGs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHIN800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannelN> NeoEsp32RmtHIN400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHINWs2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel0> NeoEsp32RmtHI0400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI0Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel1> NeoEsp32RmtHI1400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI1Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+#if !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2>  NeoEsp32RmtHI2Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel2> NeoEsp32RmtHI2400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI2Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3>  NeoEsp32RmtHI3Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel3> NeoEsp32RmtHI3400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI3Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+#if !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4>  NeoEsp32RmtHI4Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel4> NeoEsp32RmtHI4400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI4Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5>  NeoEsp32RmtHI5Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel5> NeoEsp32RmtHI5400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI5Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6>  NeoEsp32RmtHI6Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel6> NeoEsp32RmtHI6400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI6Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2811, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2811InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2812xInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2812x, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2816InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedWs2805, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2805InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedSk6812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7>  NeoEsp32RmtHI7Sk6812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1814, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1814InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1829, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1829InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTm1914, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tm1914InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedApa106, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Apa106InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedTx1812, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Tx1812InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeedGs1903, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7Gs1903InvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed800Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7800KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHIMethodBase<NeoEsp32RmtInvertedSpeed400Kbps, NeoEsp32RmtChannel7> NeoEsp32RmtHI7400KbpsInvertedMethod;
+typedef NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2805InvertedMethod NeoEsp32RmtHI7Ws2814InvertedMethod;
+
+#endif // !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+#endif // !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+
+#endif

lib/NeoESP32RmtHI/library.json

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "name": "NeoESP32RmtHI",
+  "build": { "libArchive": false },
+  "platforms": ["espressif32"],
+  "dependencies": [
+    {
+      "owner": "makuna",      
+      "name": "NeoPixelBus",
+      "version": "^2.8.3"
+    }
+  ]
+}  

lib/NeoESP32RmtHI/src/NeoEsp32RmtHI.S

@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/* RMT ISR shim
+ * Bridges from a high-level interrupt to the C++ code.
+ *
+ * This code is largely derived from Espressif's 'hli_vector.S' Bluetooth ISR.
+ *
+ */
+
+#if defined(__XTENSA__) && defined(ESP32) && !defined(CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI)
+
+#include <freertos/xtensa_context.h>
+#include "sdkconfig.h"
+#include "soc/soc.h"
+
+/* If the Bluetooth driver has hooked the high-priority interrupt, we piggyback on it and don't need this. */
+#ifndef CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI
+
+/*
+   Select interrupt based on system check level
+   - Base ESP32: could be 4 or 5, depends on platform config
+   - S2: 5
+   - S3: 5
+*/
+
+#if CONFIG_ESP_SYSTEM_CHECK_INT_LEVEL_5
+/* Use level 4 */
+#define RFI_X               4
+#define xt_highintx         xt_highint4
+#else /* !CONFIG_ESP_SYSTEM_CHECK_INT_LEVEL_5 */
+/* Use level 5 */
+#define RFI_X               5
+#define xt_highintx         xt_highint5
+#endif /* CONFIG_ESP_SYSTEM_CHECK_INT_LEVEL_5 */
+
+// Register map, based on interrupt level
+#define EPC_X               (EPC + RFI_X)
+#define EXCSAVE_X           (EXCSAVE + RFI_X)
+
+// The sp mnemonic is used all over in ESP's assembly, though I'm not sure where it's expected to be defined?
+#define sp a1
+
+/* Interrupt stack size, for C code. */
+#define RMT_INTR_STACK_SIZE  512
+
+/* Save area for the CPU state:
+ * - 64 words for the general purpose registers
+ * - 7 words for some of the special registers:
+ *   - WINDOWBASE, WINDOWSTART — only WINDOWSTART is truly needed
+ *   - SAR, LBEG, LEND, LCOUNT — since the C code might use these
+ *   - EPC1 — since the C code might cause window overflow exceptions
+ * This is not laid out as standard exception frame structure
+ * for simplicity of the save/restore code.
+ */
+#define REG_FILE_SIZE         (64 * 4)
+#define SPECREG_OFFSET        REG_FILE_SIZE
+#define SPECREG_SIZE          (7 * 4)
+#define REG_SAVE_AREA_SIZE    (SPECREG_OFFSET + SPECREG_SIZE)
+
+    .data
+_rmt_intr_stack:
+    .space      RMT_INTR_STACK_SIZE
+_rmt_save_ctx:
+    .space      REG_SAVE_AREA_SIZE
+
+    .section .iram1,"ax"
+    .global     xt_highintx
+    .type       xt_highintx,@function
+    .align      4
+
+xt_highintx:
+
+    movi    a0, _rmt_save_ctx
+    /* save 4 lower registers */
+    s32i    a1, a0, 4
+    s32i    a2, a0, 8
+    s32i    a3, a0, 12
+    rsr     a2, EXCSAVE_X  /* holds the value of a0 */
+    s32i    a2, a0, 0
+
+    /* Save special registers */
+    addi    a0, a0, SPECREG_OFFSET
+    rsr     a2, WINDOWBASE
+    s32i    a2, a0, 0
+    rsr     a2, WINDOWSTART
+    s32i    a2, a0, 4
+    rsr     a2, SAR
+    s32i    a2, a0, 8
+    #if XCHAL_HAVE_LOOPS
+    rsr     a2, LBEG
+    s32i    a2, a0, 12
+    rsr     a2, LEND
+    s32i    a2, a0, 16
+    rsr     a2, LCOUNT
+    s32i    a2, a0, 20
+    #endif
+    rsr     a2, EPC1
+    s32i    a2, a0, 24
+
+    /* disable exception mode, window overflow */
+    movi    a0, PS_INTLEVEL(RFI_X+1) | PS_EXCM
+    wsr     a0, PS
+    rsync
+
+    /* Save the remaining physical registers.
+     * 4 registers are already saved, which leaves 60 registers to save.
+     * (FIXME: consider the case when the CPU is configured with physical 32 registers)
+     * These 60 registers are saved in 5 iterations, 12 registers at a time.
+     */
+    movi    a1, 5
+    movi    a3, _rmt_save_ctx + 4 * 4
+
+    /* This is repeated 5 times, each time the window is shifted by 12 registers.
+     * We come here with a1 = downcounter, a3 = save pointer, a2 and a0 unused.
+     */
+1:
+    s32i    a4, a3, 0
+    s32i    a5, a3, 4
+    s32i    a6, a3, 8
+    s32i    a7, a3, 12
+    s32i    a8, a3, 16
+    s32i    a9, a3, 20
+    s32i    a10, a3, 24
+    s32i    a11, a3, 28
+    s32i    a12, a3, 32
+    s32i    a13, a3, 36
+    s32i    a14, a3, 40
+    s32i    a15, a3, 44
+
+    /* We are about to rotate the window, so that a12-a15 will become the new a0-a3.
+     * Copy a0-a3 to a12-15 to still have access to these values.
+     * At the same time we can decrement the counter and adjust the save area pointer
+     */
+
+    /* a0 is constant (_rmt_save_ctx), no need to copy */
+    addi    a13, a1, -1  /* copy and decrement the downcounter */
+    /* a2 is scratch so no need to copy */
+    addi    a15, a3, 48  /* copy and adjust the save area pointer */
+    beqz    a13, 2f      /* have saved all registers ? */
+    rotw    3            /* rotate the window and go back */
+    j       1b
+
+    /* the loop is complete */
+2:
+    rotw 4      /* this brings us back to the original window */
+    /* a0 still points to _rmt_save_ctx */
+
+    /* Can clear WINDOWSTART now, all registers are saved */
+    rsr     a2, WINDOWBASE
+    /* WINDOWSTART = (1 << WINDOWBASE) */
+    movi    a3, 1
+    ssl     a2
+    sll     a3, a3
+    wsr     a3, WINDOWSTART
+
+_highint_stack_switch:
+    movi    a0, 0
+    movi    sp, _rmt_intr_stack + RMT_INTR_STACK_SIZE - 16
+    s32e    a0, sp, -12         /* For GDB: set null SP */
+    s32e    a0, sp, -16         /* For GDB: set null PC */
+    movi    a0, _highint_stack_switch     /* For GDB: cosmetics, for the frame where stack switch happened */
+
+    /* Set up PS for C, disable all interrupts except NMI and debug, and clear EXCM. */
+    movi    a6, PS_INTLEVEL(RFI_X) | PS_UM | PS_WOE
+    wsr     a6, PS
+    rsync
+
+    /* Call C handler */
+    mov     a6, sp
+    call4   NeoEsp32RmtMethodIsr
+
+    l32e    sp, sp, -12                     /* switch back to the original stack */
+
+    /* Done with C handler; re-enable exception mode, disabling window overflow */
+    movi    a2, PS_INTLEVEL(RFI_X+1) | PS_EXCM    /* TOCHECK */
+    wsr     a2, PS
+    rsync
+
+    /* Restore the special registers.
+     * WINDOWSTART will be restored near the end.
+     */
+    movi    a0, _rmt_save_ctx + SPECREG_OFFSET
+    l32i    a2, a0, 8
+    wsr     a2, SAR
+    #if XCHAL_HAVE_LOOPS
+    l32i    a2, a0, 12
+    wsr     a2, LBEG
+    l32i    a2, a0, 16
+    wsr     a2, LEND
+    l32i    a2, a0, 20
+    wsr     a2, LCOUNT
+    #endif
+    l32i    a2, a0, 24
+    wsr     a2, EPC1
+
+    /* Restoring the physical registers.
+     * This is the reverse to the saving process above.
+     */
+
+    /* Rotate back to the final window, then start loading 12 registers at a time,
+     * in 5 iterations.
+     * Again, a1 is the downcounter and a3 is the save area pointer.
+     * After each rotation, a1 and a3 are copied from a13 and a15.
+     * To simplify the loop, we put the initial values into a13 and a15.
+     */
+    rotw     -4
+    movi    a15, _rmt_save_ctx + 64 * 4  /* point to the end of the save area */
+    movi    a13, 5
+
+1:
+    /* Copy a1 and a3 from their previous location,
+     * at the same time decrementing and adjusting the save area pointer.
+     */
+    addi    a1, a13, -1
+    addi    a3, a15, -48
+
+    /* Load 12 registers */
+    l32i    a4, a3, 0
+    l32i    a5, a3, 4
+    l32i    a6, a3, 8
+    l32i    a7, a3, 12
+    l32i    a8, a3, 16
+    l32i    a9, a3, 20
+    l32i    a10, a3, 24
+    l32i    a11, a3, 28                                /* ensure PS and EPC written */
+    l32i    a12, a3, 32
+    l32i    a13, a3, 36
+    l32i    a14, a3, 40
+    l32i    a15, a3, 44
+
+    /* Done with the loop? */
+    beqz    a1, 2f
+    /* If no, rotate the window and repeat */
+    rotw    -3
+    j       1b
+
+2:
+    /* Done with the loop. Only 4 registers (a0-a3 in the original window) remain
+     * to be restored. Also need to restore WINDOWSTART, since all the general
+     * registers are now in place.
+     */
+    movi    a0, _rmt_save_ctx
+
+    l32i    a2, a0, SPECREG_OFFSET + 4
+    wsr     a2, WINDOWSTART
+
+    l32i    a1, a0, 4
+    l32i    a2, a0, 8
+    l32i    a3, a0, 12
+    rsr     a0, EXCSAVE_X  /* holds the value of a0 before the interrupt handler */
+
+    /* Return from the interrupt, restoring PS from EPS_X */
+    rfi     RFI_X
+
+
+/* The linker has no reason to link in this file; all symbols it exports are already defined
+   (weakly!) in the default int handler. Define a symbol here so we can use it to have the
+   linker inspect this anyway. */
+
+    .global ld_include_hli_vectors_rmt
+ld_include_hli_vectors_rmt:
+
+
+#endif // CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI
+#endif // XTensa

lib/NeoESP32RmtHI/src/NeoEsp32RmtHIMethod.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,507 @@
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+NeoPixel library helper functions for Esp32.
+
+A BIG thanks to Andreas Merkle for the investigation and implementation of
+a workaround to the GCC bug that drops method attributes from template methods
+
+Written by Michael C. Miller.
+
+I invest time and resources providing this open source code,
+please support me by donating (see https://github.com/Makuna/NeoPixelBus)
+
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+This file is part of the Makuna/NeoPixelBus library.
+
+NeoPixelBus is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of
+the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+NeoPixelBus is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+License along with NeoPixel.  If not, see
+<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+
+#include <algorithm>  
+#include "esp_idf_version.h"
+#include "NeoEsp32RmtHIMethod.h"
+#include "soc/soc.h"
+#include "soc/rmt_reg.h"
+
+#ifdef __riscv
+#include "riscv/interrupt.h"
+#endif
+
+
+#if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(4, 0, 0)
+#include "hal/rmt_ll.h"
+#else
+/* Shims for older ESP-IDF v3; we can safely assume original ESP32 */
+#include "soc/rmt_struct.h"
+
+// Selected RMT API functions borrowed from ESP-IDF v4.4.8
+// components/hal/esp32/include/hal/rmt_ll.h
+// Copyright 2019 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_reset_pointer(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.mem_rd_rst = 1;
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.mem_rd_rst = 0;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_start(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.tx_start = 1;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_stop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    RMTMEM.chan[channel].data32[0].val = 0;
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.tx_start = 0;
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.mem_rd_rst = 1;
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.mem_rd_rst = 0;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_pingpong(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
+{
+    dev->apb_conf.mem_tx_wrap_en = enable;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
+{
+    dev->conf_ch[channel].conf1.tx_conti_mode = enable;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_tx_get_channel_status(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    return dev->status_ch[channel];
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_tx_set_limit(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, uint32_t limit)
+{
+    dev->tx_lim_ch[channel].limit = limit;
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_enable_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t mask, bool enable)
+{
+    if (enable) {
+        dev->int_ena.val |= mask;
+    } else {
+        dev->int_ena.val &= ~mask;
+    }
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_enable_tx_end_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
+{
+    dev->int_ena.val &= ~(1 << (channel * 3));
+    dev->int_ena.val |= (enable << (channel * 3));
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_enable_tx_err_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
+{
+    dev->int_ena.val &= ~(1 << (channel * 3 + 2));
+    dev->int_ena.val |= (enable << (channel * 3 + 2));
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_enable_tx_thres_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel, bool enable)
+{
+    dev->int_ena.val &= ~(1 << (channel + 24));
+    dev->int_ena.val |= (enable << (channel + 24));
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_clear_tx_end_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    dev->int_clr.val = (1 << (channel * 3));
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_clear_tx_err_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    dev->int_clr.val = (1 << (channel * 3 + 2));
+}
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline void rmt_ll_clear_tx_thres_interrupt(rmt_dev_t *dev, uint32_t channel)
+{
+    dev->int_clr.val = (1 << (channel + 24));
+}
+
+
+__attribute__((always_inline))
+static inline uint32_t rmt_ll_get_tx_thres_interrupt_status(rmt_dev_t *dev)
+{
+    uint32_t status =  dev->int_st.val;
+    return (status & 0xFF000000) >> 24;
+}
+#endif
+
+
+// *********************************
+// Select method for binding interrupt
+//
+// - If the Bluetooth driver has registered a high-level interrupt, piggyback on that API
+// - If we're on a modern core, allocate the interrupt with the API (old cores are bugged)
+// - Otherwise use the low-level hardware API to manually bind the interrupt
+
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI)
+// Espressif's bluetooth driver offers a helpful sharing layer; bring in the interrupt management calls
+#include "hal/interrupt_controller_hal.h"
+extern "C" esp_err_t hli_intr_register(intr_handler_t handler, void* arg, uint32_t intr_reg, uint32_t intr_mask);
+
+#else /* !CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI*/
+
+// Declare the our high-priority ISR handler
+extern "C" void ld_include_hli_vectors_rmt();   // an object with an address, but no space
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+#include "soc/periph_defs.h"
+#endif
+
+// Select level flag
+#if defined(__riscv)
+// RISCV chips don't block interrupts while scheduling; all we need to do is be higher than the WiFi ISR
+#define INT_LEVEL_FLAG ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL3
+#elif defined(CONFIG_ESP_SYSTEM_CHECK_INT_LEVEL_5)
+#define INT_LEVEL_FLAG ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL4
+#else
+#define INT_LEVEL_FLAG ESP_INTR_FLAG_LEVEL5
+#endif
+
+// ESP-IDF v3 cannot enable high priority interrupts through the API at all;
+// and ESP-IDF v4 on XTensa cannot enable Level 5 due to incorrect interrupt descriptor tables
+#if !defined(__XTENSA__) || (ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(5, 0, 0)) || ((ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(4, 0, 0) && CONFIG_ESP_SYSTEM_CHECK_INT_LEVEL_5))
+#define NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC
+
+// XTensa cores require the assembly bridge
+#ifdef __XTENSA__
+#define HI_IRQ_HANDLER nullptr
+#define HI_IRQ_HANDLER_ARG ld_include_hli_vectors_rmt
+#else
+#define HI_IRQ_HANDLER NeoEsp32RmtMethodIsr
+#define HI_IRQ_HANDLER_ARG nullptr
+#endif
+
+#else
+/* !CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI && !NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC */
+// This is the index of the LV5 interrupt vector - see interrupt descriptor table in idf components/hal/esp32/interrupt_descriptor_table.c
+#define ESP32_LV5_IRQ_INDEX 26
+
+#endif  /* NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC */
+#endif  /* CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI */
+
+
+// RMT driver implementation
+struct NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState {
+    uint32_t rmtBit0, rmtBit1;
+    uint32_t resetDuration;
+
+    const byte* txDataStart;    // data array
+    const byte* txDataEnd;      // one past end
+    const byte* txDataCurrent;      // current location
+    size_t rmtOffset;
+};
+
+// Global variables
+#if defined(NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC)
+static intr_handle_t isrHandle = nullptr;
+#endif
+
+static NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState** driverState = nullptr;
+constexpr size_t rmtBatchSize =  RMT_MEM_ITEM_NUM / 2;
+
+// Fill the RMT buffer memory
+// This is implemented using many arguments instead of passing the structure object to ensure we do only one lookup
+// All the arguments are passed in registers, so they don't need to be looked up again
+static void IRAM_ATTR RmtFillBuffer(uint8_t channel, const byte** src_ptr, const byte* end, uint32_t bit0, uint32_t bit1, size_t* offset_ptr, size_t reserve) {
+    // We assume that (rmtToWrite % 8) == 0
+    size_t rmtToWrite = rmtBatchSize - reserve;
+    rmt_item32_t* dest =(rmt_item32_t*)  &RMTMEM.chan[channel].data32[*offset_ptr + reserve]; // write directly in to RMT memory
+    const byte* psrc = *src_ptr;
+
+    *offset_ptr ^= rmtBatchSize;
+
+    if (psrc != end) {
+        while (rmtToWrite > 0) {
+            uint8_t data = *psrc;
+            for (uint8_t bit = 0; bit < 8; bit++)
+            {
+                dest->val = (data & 0x80) ? bit1 : bit0;
+                dest++;
+                data <<= 1;
+            }
+            rmtToWrite -= 8;
+            psrc++;
+
+            if (psrc == end) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        *src_ptr = psrc;
+    }
+
+    if (rmtToWrite > 0) {
+        // Add end event
+        rmt_item32_t bit0_val = {{.val = bit0 }};
+        *dest = rmt_item32_t {{{ .duration0 = 0, .level0 = bit0_val.level1, .duration1 = 0, .level1 = bit0_val.level1 }}};
+    }
+}
+
+static void IRAM_ATTR RmtStartWrite(uint8_t channel, NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState& state) {
+    // Reset context state
+    state.rmtOffset = 0;
+
+    // Fill the first part of the buffer with a reset event
+    // FUTURE: we could do timing analysis with the last interrupt on this channel
+    // Use 8 words to stay aligned with the buffer fill logic
+    rmt_item32_t bit0_val = {{.val = state.rmtBit0 }};
+    rmt_item32_t fill = {{{ .duration0 = 100, .level0 = bit0_val.level1, .duration1 = 100, .level1 = bit0_val.level1 }}};
+    rmt_item32_t* dest = (rmt_item32_t*) &RMTMEM.chan[channel].data32[0];
+    for (auto i = 0; i < 7; ++i) dest[i] = fill;
+    fill.duration1 = state.resetDuration > 1400 ? (state.resetDuration - 1400) : 100;
+    dest[7] = fill;
+
+    // Fill the remaining buffer with real data
+    RmtFillBuffer(channel, &state.txDataCurrent, state.txDataEnd, state.rmtBit0, state.rmtBit1, &state.rmtOffset, 8);
+    RmtFillBuffer(channel, &state.txDataCurrent, state.txDataEnd, state.rmtBit0, state.rmtBit1, &state.rmtOffset, 0);
+
+    // Start operation
+    rmt_ll_clear_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_tx_reset_pointer(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_tx_start(&RMT, channel);
+}
+
+extern "C" void IRAM_ATTR NeoEsp32RmtMethodIsr(void *arg) {
+    // Tx threshold interrupt
+    uint32_t status = rmt_ll_get_tx_thres_interrupt_status(&RMT);
+    while (status) {
+        uint8_t channel = __builtin_ffs(status) - 1;                
+        if (driverState[channel]) {            
+            // Normal case
+            NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState& state = *driverState[channel];
+            RmtFillBuffer(channel, &state.txDataCurrent, state.txDataEnd, state.rmtBit0, state.rmtBit1, &state.rmtOffset, 0);
+        } else {
+            // Danger - another driver got invoked?
+            rmt_ll_tx_stop(&RMT, channel);
+        }
+        rmt_ll_clear_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel);
+        status = rmt_ll_get_tx_thres_interrupt_status(&RMT);
+    }
+};
+
+// Wrapper around the register analysis defines
+// For all currently supported chips, this is constant for all channels; but this is not true of *all* ESP32
+static inline bool _RmtStatusIsTransmitting(rmt_channel_t channel, uint32_t status) {
+    uint32_t v;
+    switch(channel) {
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH0        
+        case 0: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH0_S) & RMT_STATE_CH0_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH1
+        case 1: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH1_S) & RMT_STATE_CH1_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH2
+        case 2: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH2_S) & RMT_STATE_CH2_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH3        
+        case 3: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH3_S) & RMT_STATE_CH3_V; break;
+#endif        
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH4
+        case 4: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH4_S) & RMT_STATE_CH4_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH5
+        case 5: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH5_S) & RMT_STATE_CH5_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH6
+        case 6: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH6_S) & RMT_STATE_CH6_V; break;
+#endif
+#ifdef RMT_STATE_CH7
+        case 7: v = (status >> RMT_STATE_CH7_S) & RMT_STATE_CH7_V; break;
+#endif
+        default: v = 0;
+    }
+
+    return v != 0;
+}
+
+
+esp_err_t NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Install(rmt_channel_t channel, uint32_t rmtBit0, uint32_t rmtBit1, uint32_t reset) {
+    // Validate channel number
+    if (channel >= RMT_CHANNEL_MAX) {
+        return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
+    }
+
+    esp_err_t err = ESP_OK;
+    if (!driverState) {
+        // First time init
+        driverState = reinterpret_cast<NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState**>(heap_caps_calloc(RMT_CHANNEL_MAX, sizeof(NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState*), MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL));
+        if (!driverState) return ESP_ERR_NO_MEM;
+        
+        // Ensure all interrupts are cleared before binding
+        RMT.int_ena.val = 0;
+        RMT.int_clr.val = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+
+        // Bind interrupt handler
+#if defined(CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI)
+        // Bluetooth driver has taken the empty high-priority interrupt.  Fortunately, it allows us to
+        // hook up another handler.
+        err = hli_intr_register(NeoEsp32RmtMethodIsr, nullptr, (uintptr_t) &RMT.int_st, 0xFF000000);
+        // 25 is the magic number of the bluetooth ISR on ESP32 - see soc/soc.h.
+        intr_matrix_set(cpu_hal_get_core_id(), ETS_RMT_INTR_SOURCE, 25);
+        intr_cntrl_ll_enable_interrupts(1<<25);
+#elif defined(NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC)
+        // Use the platform code to allocate the interrupt
+        // If we need the additional assembly bridge, we pass it as the "arg" to the IDF so it gets linked in       
+        err = esp_intr_alloc(ETS_RMT_INTR_SOURCE, INT_LEVEL_FLAG | ESP_INTR_FLAG_IRAM, HI_IRQ_HANDLER, (void*) HI_IRQ_HANDLER_ARG, &isrHandle);
+        //err = ESP_ERR_NOT_FINISHED;
+#else
+        // Broken IDF API does not allow us to reserve the interrupt; do it manually
+        static volatile const void*  __attribute__((used)) pleaseLinkAssembly = (void*) ld_include_hli_vectors_rmt;
+        intr_matrix_set(xPortGetCoreID(), ETS_RMT_INTR_SOURCE, ESP32_LV5_IRQ_INDEX);
+        ESP_INTR_ENABLE(ESP32_LV5_IRQ_INDEX);
+#endif
+
+        if (err != ESP_OK) {
+            heap_caps_free(driverState);
+            driverState = nullptr;
+            return err;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (driverState[channel] != nullptr) {
+        return ESP_ERR_INVALID_STATE;   // already in use
+    }
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState* state = reinterpret_cast<NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState*>(heap_caps_calloc(1, sizeof(NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState), MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT));
+    if (state == nullptr) {
+        return ESP_ERR_NO_MEM;
+    }
+
+    // Store timing information
+    state->rmtBit0 = rmtBit0;
+    state->rmtBit1 = rmtBit1;
+    state->resetDuration = reset;
+
+    // Initialize hardware
+    rmt_ll_tx_stop(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_tx_reset_pointer(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_enable_tx_err_interrupt(&RMT, channel, false);
+    rmt_ll_enable_tx_end_interrupt(&RMT, channel, false);
+    rmt_ll_enable_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel, false);
+    rmt_ll_clear_tx_err_interrupt(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_clear_tx_end_interrupt(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_clear_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel);
+    
+    rmt_ll_tx_enable_loop(&RMT, channel, false);
+    rmt_ll_tx_enable_pingpong(&RMT, channel, true);
+    rmt_ll_tx_set_limit(&RMT, channel, rmtBatchSize);
+
+    driverState[channel] = state;
+
+    rmt_ll_enable_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel, true);
+
+    return err;
+}
+
+esp_err_t  NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Uninstall(rmt_channel_t channel) {
+    if ((channel >= RMT_CHANNEL_MAX) || !driverState || !driverState[channel]) return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState* state = driverState[channel];
+
+    WaitForTxDone(channel, 10000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
+
+    // Done or not, we're out of here
+    rmt_ll_tx_stop(&RMT, channel);
+    rmt_ll_enable_tx_thres_interrupt(&RMT, channel, false);
+    driverState[channel] = nullptr;
+    heap_caps_free(state);
+
+#if !defined(CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI)  /* Cannot unbind from bluetooth ISR */
+    // Turn off the driver ISR and release global state if none are left
+    for (uint8_t channelIndex = 0; channelIndex < RMT_CHANNEL_MAX; ++channelIndex) {
+        if (driverState[channelIndex]) return ESP_OK; // done
+    }
+
+#if defined(NEOESP32_RMT_CAN_USE_INTR_ALLOC)
+    esp_intr_free(isrHandle);
+#else
+    ESP_INTR_DISABLE(ESP32_LV5_IRQ_INDEX);
+#endif
+
+    heap_caps_free(driverState);
+    driverState = nullptr;
+#endif /* !defined(CONFIG_BTDM_CTRL_HLI) */
+
+    return ESP_OK;
+}
+
+esp_err_t  NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::Write(rmt_channel_t channel, const uint8_t *src, size_t src_size) {
+    if ((channel >= RMT_CHANNEL_MAX) || !driverState || !driverState[channel]) return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState& state = *driverState[channel];
+    esp_err_t result = WaitForTxDone(channel, 10000 / portTICK_PERIOD_MS);
+
+    if (result == ESP_OK) {
+        state.txDataStart = src;
+        state.txDataCurrent = src;
+        state.txDataEnd = src + src_size;
+        RmtStartWrite(channel, state);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+esp_err_t NeoEsp32RmtHiMethodDriver::WaitForTxDone(rmt_channel_t channel, TickType_t wait_time) {
+    if ((channel >= RMT_CHANNEL_MAX) || !driverState || !driverState[channel]) return ESP_ERR_INVALID_ARG;
+
+    NeoEsp32RmtHIChannelState& state = *driverState[channel];
+    // yield-wait until wait_time
+    esp_err_t rv = ESP_OK;
+    uint32_t status;
+    while(1) {
+        status = rmt_ll_tx_get_channel_status(&RMT, channel);
+        if (!_RmtStatusIsTransmitting(channel, status)) break;
+        if (wait_time == 0) { rv = ESP_ERR_TIMEOUT; break; };
+
+        TickType_t sleep = std::min(wait_time, (TickType_t) 5);
+        vTaskDelay(sleep);
+        wait_time -= sleep;
+    };
+
+    return rv;
+}
+
+#endif

platformio.ini

@@ -141,7 +141,6 @@ lib_deps =
     fastled/FastLED @ 3.6.0
     IRremoteESP8266 @ 2.8.2
     makuna/NeoPixelBus @ 2.8.3
-    #https://github.com/makuna/NeoPixelBus.git#CoreShaderBeta
     https://github.com/Aircoookie/ESPAsyncWebServer.git#v2.4.2
     marvinroger/AsyncMqttClient @ 0.9.0
   # for I2C interface

usermods/audioreactive/audio_reactive.cpp

@@ -224,8 +224,8 @@ void FFTcode(void * parameter)
   DEBUGSR_PRINT("FFT started on core: "); DEBUGSR_PRINTLN(xPortGetCoreID());
 
   // allocate FFT buffers on first call
-  if (vReal == nullptr) vReal = (float*) calloc(sizeof(float), samplesFFT);
-  if (vImag == nullptr) vImag = (float*) calloc(sizeof(float), samplesFFT);
+  if (vReal == nullptr) vReal = (float*) calloc(samplesFFT, sizeof(float));
+  if (vImag == nullptr) vImag = (float*) calloc(samplesFFT, sizeof(float));
   if ((vReal == nullptr) || (vImag == nullptr)) {
     // something went wrong
     if (vReal) free(vReal); vReal = nullptr;

wled00/FX.h

@@ -88,23 +88,26 @@ extern byte realtimeMode;           // used in getMappedPixelIndex()
 #endif
 #define FPS_CALC_SHIFT 7 // bit shift for fixed point math
 
-/* each segment uses 82 bytes of SRAM memory, so if you're application fails because of
-  insufficient memory, decreasing MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS may help */
+// heap memory limit for effects data, pixel buffers try to reserve it if PSRAM is available
 #ifdef ESP8266
   #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  16
   /* How much data bytes all segments combined may allocate */
-  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  5120
+  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  (6*1024) // 6k by default
 #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2)
-  #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  20
-  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  (MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS*512)  // 10k by default (S2 is short on free RAM)
+  #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  32
+  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  (20*1024) // 20k by default (S2 is short on free RAM), limit does not apply if PSRAM is available
 #else
-  #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  32  // warning: going beyond 32 may consume too much RAM for stable operation
-  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  (MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS*1280) // 40k by default
+  #ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+    #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  64
+  #else
+    #define MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS  32
+  #endif
+  #define MAX_SEGMENT_DATA  (64*1024) // 64k by default, limit does not apply if PSRAM is available
 #endif
 
 /* How much data bytes each segment should max allocate to leave enough space for other segments,
   assuming each segment uses the same amount of data. 256 for ESP8266, 640 for ESP32. */
-#define FAIR_DATA_PER_SEG (MAX_SEGMENT_DATA / WS2812FX::getMaxSegments())
+#define FAIR_DATA_PER_SEG (MAX_SEGMENT_DATA / MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS)
 
 #define MIN_SHOW_DELAY   (_frametime < 16 ? 8 : 15)
 
@@ -533,7 +536,6 @@ class Segment {
 
   protected:
 
-    inline static unsigned getUsedSegmentData()            { return Segment::_usedSegmentData; }
     inline static void     addUsedSegmentData(int len)     { Segment::_usedSegmentData += len; }
 
     inline uint32_t *getPixels() const                              { return pixels; }
@@ -600,8 +602,8 @@ class Segment {
     , _t(nullptr)
     {
       DEBUGFX_PRINTF_P(PSTR("-- Creating segment: %p [%d,%d:%d,%d]\n"), this, (int)start, (int)stop, (int)startY, (int)stopY);
-      // allocate render buffer (always entire segment)
-      pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(d_calloc(sizeof(uint32_t), length())); // error handling is also done in isActive()
+      // allocate render buffer (always entire segment), prefer PSRAM if DRAM is running low. Note: impact on FPS with PSRAM buffer is low (<2% with QSPI PSRAM)
+      pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(allocate_buffer(length() * sizeof(uint32_t), BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM | BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS | BFRALLOC_CLEAR));
       if (!pixels) {
         DEBUGFX_PRINTLN(F("!!! Not enough RAM for pixel buffer !!!"));
         extern byte errorFlag;
@@ -623,7 +625,7 @@ class Segment {
       #endif
       clearName();
       deallocateData();
-      d_free(pixels);
+      p_free(pixels);
     }
 
     Segment& operator= (const Segment &orig); // copy assignment
@@ -646,7 +648,7 @@ class Segment {
     inline uint16_t groupLength()          const { return grouping + spacing; }
     inline uint8_t  getLightCapabilities() const { return _capabilities; }
     inline void     deactivate()                 { setGeometry(0,0); }
-    inline Segment &clearName()                  { d_free(name); name = nullptr; return *this; }
+    inline Segment &clearName()                  { p_free(name); name = nullptr; return *this; }
     inline Segment &setName(const String &name)  { return setName(name.c_str()); }
 
     inline static unsigned vLength()                       { return Segment::_vLength; }
@@ -672,6 +674,7 @@ class Segment {
     inline uint16_t dataSize() const { return _dataLen; }
     bool allocateData(size_t len);  // allocates effect data buffer in heap and clears it
     void deallocateData();          // deallocates (frees) effect data buffer from heap
+    inline static unsigned getUsedSegmentData()            { return Segment::_usedSegmentData; }
     /**
       * Flags that before the next effect is calculated,
       * the internal segment state should be reset.
@@ -868,8 +871,8 @@ class WS2812FX {
     }
 
     ~WS2812FX() {
-      d_free(_pixels);
-      d_free(_pixelCCT); // just in case
+      p_free(_pixels);
+      p_free(_pixelCCT); // just in case
       d_free(customMappingTable);
       _mode.clear();
       _modeData.clear();

wled00/FX_fcn.cpp

@@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ Segment::Segment(const Segment &orig) {
   if (!stop) return;  // nothing to do if segment is inactive/invalid
   if (orig.pixels) {
     // allocate pixel buffer: prefer IRAM/PSRAM
-    pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(d_malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * orig.length()));
+    pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(allocate_buffer(orig.length() * sizeof(uint32_t), BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM | BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS));
     if (pixels) {
       memcpy(pixels, orig.pixels, sizeof(uint32_t) * orig.length());
-      if (orig.name) { name = static_cast<char*>(d_malloc(strlen(orig.name)+1)); if (name) strcpy(name, orig.name); }
+      if (orig.name) { name = static_cast<char*>(allocate_buffer(strlen(orig.name)+1, BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM)); if (name) strcpy(name, orig.name); }
       if (orig.data) { if (allocateData(orig._dataLen)) memcpy(data, orig.data, orig._dataLen); }
     } else {
       DEBUGFX_PRINTLN(F("!!! Not enough RAM for pixel buffer !!!"));
@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ Segment& Segment::operator= (const Segment &orig) {
   //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("-- Copying segment: %p -> %p\n"), &orig, this);
   if (this != &orig) {
     // clean destination
-    if (name) { d_free(name); name = nullptr; }
+    if (name) { p_free(name); name = nullptr; }
     if (_t) stopTransition(); // also erases _t
     deallocateData();
-    d_free(pixels);
+    p_free(pixels);
     // copy source
     memcpy((void*)this, (void*)&orig, sizeof(Segment));
     // erase pointers to allocated data
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ Segment& Segment::operator= (const Segment &orig) {
     // copy source data
     if (orig.pixels) {
       // allocate pixel buffer: prefer IRAM/PSRAM
-      pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(d_malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * orig.length()));
+      pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(allocate_buffer(orig.length() * sizeof(uint32_t), BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM | BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS));
       if (pixels) {
         memcpy(pixels, orig.pixels, sizeof(uint32_t) * orig.length());
-        if (orig.name) { name = static_cast<char*>(d_malloc(strlen(orig.name)+1)); if (name) strcpy(name, orig.name); }
+        if (orig.name) { name = static_cast<char*>(allocate_buffer(strlen(orig.name)+1, BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM)); if (name) strcpy(name, orig.name); }
         if (orig.data) { if (allocateData(orig._dataLen)) memcpy(data, orig.data, orig._dataLen); }
       } else {
         DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("!!! Not enough RAM for pixel buffer !!!"));
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ Segment& Segment::operator= (const Segment &orig) {
 Segment& Segment::operator= (Segment &&orig) noexcept {
   //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("-- Moving segment: %p -> %p\n"), &orig, this);
   if (this != &orig) {
-    if (name) { d_free(name); name = nullptr; } // free old name
+    if (name) { p_free(name); name = nullptr; } // free old name
     if (_t) stopTransition(); // also erases _t
     deallocateData(); // free old runtime data
-    d_free(pixels);   // free old pixel buffer
+    p_free(pixels);   // free old pixel buffer
     // move source data
     memcpy((void*)this, (void*)&orig, sizeof(Segment));
     orig.name = nullptr;
@@ -147,35 +147,38 @@ Segment& Segment::operator= (Segment &&orig) noexcept {
 
 // allocates effect data buffer on heap and initialises (erases) it
 bool Segment::allocateData(size_t len) {
-  if (len == 0) return false; // nothing to do
-  if (data && _dataLen >= len) {          // already allocated enough (reduce fragmentation)
+  if (len == 0) return false;    // nothing to do
+  if (data && _dataLen >= len) { // already allocated enough (reduce fragmentation)
     if (call == 0) {
-      //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("--   Clearing data (%d): %p\n"), len, this);
-      memset(data, 0, len);  // erase buffer if called during effect initialisation
+      if (_dataLen < FAIR_DATA_PER_SEG) { // segment data is small
+        //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("--   Clearing data (%d): %p\n"), len, this);
+        memset(data, 0, len);  // erase buffer if called during effect initialisation
+        return true; // no need to reallocate
+      }
     }
-    return true;
+    else
+      return true;
   }
   //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("--   Allocating data (%d): %p\n"), len, this);
+  // limit to MAX_SEGMENT_DATA if there is no PSRAM, otherwise prefer functionality over speed
+  #ifndef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
   if (Segment::getUsedSegmentData() + len - _dataLen > MAX_SEGMENT_DATA) {
     // not enough memory
-    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("!!! Not enough RAM: %d/%d !!!\n"), len, Segment::getUsedSegmentData());
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("SegmentData limit reached: %d/%d\n"), len, Segment::getUsedSegmentData());
     errorFlag = ERR_NORAM;
     return false;
   }
-  // prefer DRAM over SPI RAM on ESP32 since it is slow
-  if (data) {
-    data = (byte*)d_realloc_malloc(data, len); // realloc with malloc fallback
-    if (!data) {
-      data = nullptr;
-      Segment::addUsedSegmentData(-_dataLen); // subtract original buffer size
-      _dataLen = 0;   // reset data length
-    }
-  }
-  else data = (byte*)d_malloc(len);
+  #endif
 
   if (data) {
-    memset(data, 0, len);  // erase buffer
-    Segment::addUsedSegmentData(len - _dataLen);
+    d_free(data); // free data and try to allocate again (segment buffer may be blocking contiguous heap)
+    Segment::addUsedSegmentData(-_dataLen); // subtract buffer size
+  }
+
+  data = static_cast<byte*>(allocate_buffer(len, BFRALLOC_PREFER_DRAM | BFRALLOC_CLEAR)); // prefer DRAM over PSRAM for speed
+
+  if (data) {
+    Segment::addUsedSegmentData(len);
     _dataLen = len;
     //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("---  Allocated data (%p): %d/%d -> %p\n"), this, len, Segment::getUsedSegmentData(), data);
     return true;
@@ -209,7 +212,11 @@ void Segment::deallocateData() {
 void Segment::resetIfRequired() {
   if (!reset || !isActive()) return;
   //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("-- Segment reset: %p\n"), this);
-  if (data && _dataLen > 0) memset(data, 0, _dataLen);  // prevent heap fragmentation (just erase buffer instead of deallocateData())
+  if (data && _dataLen > 0) {
+    if (_dataLen > FAIR_DATA_PER_SEG) deallocateData(); // do not keep large allocations
+    else memset(data, 0, _dataLen);  // can prevent heap fragmentation
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("-- Segment %p reset, data cleared\n"), this);
+  }
   if (pixels) for (size_t i = 0; i < length(); i++) pixels[i] = BLACK; // clear pixel buffer
   next_time = 0; step = 0; call = 0; aux0 = 0; aux1 = 0;
   reset = false;
@@ -466,7 +473,7 @@ void Segment::setGeometry(uint16_t i1, uint16_t i2, uint8_t grp, uint8_t spc, ui
   if (length() != oldLength) {
     // allocate render buffer (always entire segment), prefer IRAM/PSRAM. Note: impact on FPS with PSRAM buffer is low (<2% with QSPI PSRAM) on S2/S3
     p_free(pixels);
-    pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(d_malloc(sizeof(uint32_t) * length()));
+    pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(allocate_buffer(length() * sizeof(uint32_t), BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM | BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS));
     if (!pixels) {
       DEBUGFX_PRINTLN(F("!!! Not enough RAM for pixel buffer !!!"));
       deallocateData();
@@ -581,8 +588,8 @@ Segment &Segment::setName(const char *newName) {
   if (newName) {
     const int newLen = min(strlen(newName), (size_t)WLED_MAX_SEGNAME_LEN);
     if (newLen) {
-      if (name) d_free(name); // free old name
-      name = static_cast<char*>(d_malloc(newLen+1));
+      if (name) p_free(name); // free old name
+      name = static_cast<char*>(allocate_buffer(newLen+1, BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM));
       if (mode == FX_MODE_2DSCROLLTEXT) startTransition(strip.getTransition(), true); // if the name changes in scrolling text mode, we need to copy the segment for blending
       if (name) strlcpy(name, newName, newLen+1);
       return *this;
@@ -1177,7 +1184,10 @@ void WS2812FX::finalizeInit() {
     mem += bus.memUsage(Bus::isDigital(bus.type) && !Bus::is2Pin(bus.type) ? digitalCount++ : 0); // includes global buffer
     if (mem <= MAX_LED_MEMORY) {
       if (BusManager::add(bus) == -1) break;
-    } else DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Out of LED memory! Bus %d (%d) #%u not created."), (int)bus.type, (int)bus.count, digitalCount);
+    } else {
+      errorFlag = ERR_NORAM_PX; // alert UI
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Out of LED memory! Bus %d (%d) #%u not created."), (int)bus.type, (int)bus.count, digitalCount);
+    }
   }
   busConfigs.clear();
   busConfigs.shrink_to_fit();
@@ -1209,10 +1219,11 @@ void WS2812FX::finalizeInit() {
   deserializeMap();     // (re)load default ledmap (will also setUpMatrix() if ledmap does not exist)
 
   // allocate frame buffer after matrix has been set up (gaps!)
-  d_free(_pixels); // using realloc on large buffers can cause additional fragmentation instead of reducing it
-  _pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(d_malloc(getLengthTotal() * sizeof(uint32_t)));
+  p_free(_pixels); // using realloc on large buffers can cause additional fragmentation instead of reducing it
+  // use PSRAM if available: there is no measurable perfomance impact between PSRAM and DRAM on S2/S3 with QSPI PSRAM for this buffer
+  _pixels = static_cast<uint32_t*>(allocate_buffer(getLengthTotal() * sizeof(uint32_t), BFRALLOC_ENFORCE_PSRAM | BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS | BFRALLOC_CLEAR));
   DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("strip buffer size: %uB\n"), getLengthTotal() * sizeof(uint32_t));
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap after strip init: %uB\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap after strip init: %uB\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 }
 
 void WS2812FX::service() {
@@ -1552,7 +1563,11 @@ void WS2812FX::blendSegment(const Segment &topSegment) const {
 }
 
 void WS2812FX::show() {
-  if (!_pixels) return; // no pixels allocated, nothing to show
+  if (!_pixels) {
+    DEBUGFX_PRINTLN(F("Error: no _pixels!"));
+    errorFlag = ERR_NORAM;
+    return; // no pixels allocated, nothing to show
+  }
 
   unsigned long showNow = millis();
   size_t diff = showNow - _lastShow;
@@ -1562,7 +1577,7 @@ void WS2812FX::show() {
   // we need to keep track of each pixel's CCT when blending segments (if CCT is present)
   // and then set appropriate CCT from that pixel during paint (see below).
   if ((hasCCTBus() || correctWB) && !cctFromRgb)
-    _pixelCCT = static_cast<uint8_t*>(d_malloc(totalLen * sizeof(uint8_t))); // allocate CCT buffer if necessary
+    _pixelCCT = static_cast<uint8_t*>(allocate_buffer(totalLen * sizeof(uint8_t), BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM)); // allocate CCT buffer if necessary, prefer PSRAM
   if (_pixelCCT) memset(_pixelCCT, 127, totalLen); // set neutral (50:50) CCT
 
   if (realtimeMode == REALTIME_MODE_INACTIVE || useMainSegmentOnly || realtimeOverride > REALTIME_OVERRIDE_NONE) {
@@ -1596,7 +1611,7 @@ void WS2812FX::show() {
   }
   Bus::setCCT(oldCCT);  // restore old CCT for ABL adjustments
 
-  d_free(_pixelCCT);
+  p_free(_pixelCCT);
   _pixelCCT = nullptr;
 
   // some buses send asynchronously and this method will return before

wled00/bus_manager.cpp

@@ -39,35 +39,29 @@ uint32_t colorBalanceFromKelvin(uint16_t kelvin, uint32_t rgb);
 uint8_t realtimeBroadcast(uint8_t type, IPAddress client, uint16_t length, const byte *buffer, uint8_t bri=255, bool isRGBW=false);
 
 //util.cpp
-// PSRAM allocation wrappers
-#if !defined(ESP8266) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+// memory allocation wrappers
 extern "C" {
-  void *p_malloc(size_t);           // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_calloc(size_t, size_t);   // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_realloc(void *, size_t);  // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size); // realloc with malloc fallback, prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  inline void p_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
-  void *d_malloc(size_t);           // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_calloc(size_t, size_t);   // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_realloc(void *, size_t);  // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size); // realloc with malloc fallback, prefer DRAM over PSRAM
+  // prefer DRAM over PSRAM (if available) in d_ alloc functions
+  void *d_malloc(size_t);
+  void *d_calloc(size_t, size_t);
+  void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
+  #ifndef ESP8266
   inline void d_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
+  #else
+  inline void d_free(void *ptr) { free(ptr); }
+  #endif
+  #if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  // prefer PSRAM over DRAM in p_ alloc functions
+  void *p_malloc(size_t);
+  void *p_calloc(size_t, size_t);
+  void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
+  inline void p_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
+  #else
+  #define p_malloc d_malloc
+  #define p_calloc d_calloc
+  #define p_free d_free
+  #endif
 }
-#else
-extern "C" {
-  void *realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
-}
-#define p_malloc malloc
-#define p_calloc calloc
-#define p_realloc realloc
-#define p_realloc_malloc realloc_malloc
-#define p_free free
-#define d_malloc malloc
-#define d_calloc calloc
-#define d_realloc realloc
-#define d_realloc_malloc realloc_malloc
-#define d_free free
-#endif
 
 //color mangling macros
 #define RGBW32(r,g,b,w) (uint32_t((byte(w) << 24) | (byte(r) << 16) | (byte(g) << 8) | (byte(b))))
@@ -902,7 +896,7 @@ void BusManager::esp32RMTInvertIdle() {
     else if (lvl == RMT_IDLE_LEVEL_LOW) lvl = RMT_IDLE_LEVEL_HIGH;
     else continue;
     rmt_set_idle_level(ch, idle_out, lvl);
-    u++
+    u++;
   }
 }
 #endif

wled00/bus_wrapper.h

@@ -244,53 +244,61 @@
   typedef NeoEsp32I2s1Tm1914Method X1Tm1914Method;
 #endif
 
+// RMT driver selection
+#if !defined(WLED_USE_SHARED_RMT)  && !defined(__riscv)
+#include <NeoEsp32RmtHIMethod.h>
+#define NeoEsp32RmtMethod(x) NeoEsp32RmtHIN ## x ## Method
+#else
+#define NeoEsp32RmtMethod(x) NeoEsp32RmtN ## x ## Method
+#endif
+
 //RGB
-#define B_32_RN_NEO_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2812xMethod> // ESP32, S2, S3, C3
+#define B_32_RN_NEO_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2812x)> // ESP32, S2, S3, C3
 //#define B_32_IN_NEO_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32I2sNWs2812xMethod> // ESP32 (dynamic I2S selection)
 #define B_32_I2_NEO_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X1Ws2812xMethod> // ESP32, S2, S3 (automatic I2S selection, see typedef above)
 #define B_32_IP_NEO_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X8Ws2812xMethod> // parallel I2S (ESP32, S2, S3)
 //RGBW
-#define B_32_RN_NEO_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNSk6812Method>
+#define B_32_RN_NEO_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Sk6812)>
 #define B_32_I2_NEO_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwFeature, X1Sk6812Method>
 #define B_32_IP_NEO_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwFeature, X8Sk6812Method> // parallel I2S
 //400Kbps
-#define B_32_RN_400_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtN400KbpsMethod>
+#define B_32_RN_400_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(400Kbps)>
 #define B_32_I2_400_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X1400KbpsMethod>
 #define B_32_IP_400_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X8400KbpsMethod> // parallel I2S
 //TM1814 (RGBW)
-#define B_32_RN_TM1_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoWrgbTm1814Feature, NeoEsp32RmtNTm1814Method>
+#define B_32_RN_TM1_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoWrgbTm1814Feature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Tm1814)>
 #define B_32_I2_TM1_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoWrgbTm1814Feature, X1Tm1814Method>
 #define B_32_IP_TM1_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoWrgbTm1814Feature, X8Tm1814Method> // parallel I2S
 //TM1829 (RGB)
-#define B_32_RN_TM2_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoBrgFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNTm1829Method>
+#define B_32_RN_TM2_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoBrgFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Tm1829)>
 #define B_32_I2_TM2_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoBrgFeature, X1Tm1829Method>
 #define B_32_IP_TM2_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoBrgFeature, X8Tm1829Method> // parallel I2S
 //UCS8903
-#define B_32_RN_UCS_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbUcs8903Feature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2812xMethod>
+#define B_32_RN_UCS_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbUcs8903Feature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2812x)>
 #define B_32_I2_UCS_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbUcs8903Feature, X1800KbpsMethod>
 #define B_32_IP_UCS_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbUcs8903Feature, X8800KbpsMethod> // parallel I2S
 //UCS8904
-#define B_32_RN_UCS_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbwUcs8904Feature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2812xMethod>
+#define B_32_RN_UCS_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbwUcs8904Feature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2812x)>
 #define B_32_I2_UCS_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbwUcs8904Feature, X1800KbpsMethod>
 #define B_32_IP_UCS_4 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbwUcs8904Feature, X8800KbpsMethod>// parallel I2S
 //APA106
-#define B_32_RN_APA106_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNApa106Method>
+#define B_32_RN_APA106_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Apa106)>
 #define B_32_I2_APA106_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X1Apa106Method>
 #define B_32_IP_APA106_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbFeature, X8Apa106Method> // parallel I2S
 //FW1906 GRBCW
-#define B_32_RN_FW6_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbcwxFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2812xMethod>
+#define B_32_RN_FW6_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbcwxFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2812x)>
 #define B_32_I2_FW6_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbcwxFeature, X1800KbpsMethod>
 #define B_32_IP_FW6_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbcwxFeature, X8800KbpsMethod> // parallel I2S
 //WS2805 RGBWC
-#define B_32_RN_2805_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwwFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2805Method>
+#define B_32_RN_2805_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwwFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2805)>
 #define B_32_I2_2805_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwwFeature, X1Ws2805Method>
 #define B_32_IP_2805_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbwwFeature, X8Ws2805Method> // parallel I2S
 //TM1914 (RGB)
-#define B_32_RN_TM1914_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbTm1914Feature, NeoEsp32RmtNTm1914Method>
+#define B_32_RN_TM1914_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbTm1914Feature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Tm1914)>
 #define B_32_I2_TM1914_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbTm1914Feature, X1Tm1914Method>
 #define B_32_IP_TM1914_3 NeoPixelBus<NeoGrbTm1914Feature, X8Tm1914Method> // parallel I2S
 //Sm16825 (RGBWC)
-#define B_32_RN_SM16825_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbcwSm16825eFeature, NeoEsp32RmtNWs2812xMethod>
+#define B_32_RN_SM16825_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbcwSm16825eFeature, NeoEsp32RmtMethod(Ws2812x)>
 #define B_32_I2_SM16825_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbcwSm16825eFeature, X1Ws2812xMethod>
 #define B_32_IP_SM16825_5 NeoPixelBus<NeoRgbcwSm16825eFeature, X8Ws2812xMethod> // parallel I2S
 #endif

wled00/cfg.cpp

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ bool deserializeConfig(JsonObject doc, bool fromFS) {
   }
   #endif
 
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap before buses: %d\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap before buses: %d\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
   JsonArray ins = hw_led["ins"];
   if (!ins.isNull()) {
     int s = 0;  // bus iterator

wled00/const.h

@@ -546,8 +546,21 @@ static_assert(WLED_MAX_BUSSES <= 32, "WLED_MAX_BUSSES exceeds hard limit");
   #endif
 #endif
 
-// minimum heap size required to process web requests
-#define MIN_HEAP_SIZE 8192
+// minimum heap size required to process web requests: try to keep free heap above this value
+#ifdef ESP8266
+  #define MIN_HEAP_SIZE (9*1024)
+#else
+  #define MIN_HEAP_SIZE (15*1024) // WLED allocation functions (util.cpp) try to keep this much contiguous heap free for other tasks
+#endif
+// threshold for PSRAM use: if heap is running low, requests to allocate_buffer(prefer DRAM) above PSRAM_THRESHOLD may be put in PSRAM
+// if heap is depleted, PSRAM will be used regardless of threshold
+#if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+  #define PSRAM_THRESHOLD (12*1024) // S3 has plenty of DRAM
+#elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
+  #define PSRAM_THRESHOLD (5*1024)
+#else
+  #define PSRAM_THRESHOLD (2*1024) // S2 does not have a lot of RAM. C3 and ESP8266 do not support PSRAM: the value is not used
+#endif
 
 // Web server limits
 #ifdef ESP8266

wled00/data/settings_leds.htm

@@ -195,7 +195,6 @@
 			if (isAna(t)) return 5;	// analog
 			let len = parseInt(d.getElementsByName("LC"+n)[0].value);
 			len += parseInt(d.getElementsByName("SL"+n)[0].value); // skipped LEDs are allocated too
-			let dbl = 0;
 			let ch = 3*hasRGB(t) + hasW(t) + hasCCT(t);
 			let mul = 1;
 			if (isDig(t)) {
@@ -207,7 +206,7 @@
 					mul = 2;
 				}
 			}
-			return len * ch * mul + dbl;
+			return len * ch * mul + len * 4; // add 4 bytes per LED for segment buffer (TODO: how to account for global buffer?)
 		}
 
 		function UI(change=false)

wled00/data/settings_sec.htm

@@ -17,6 +17,73 @@
 		function setBckFilename(x) {
 			x.setAttribute("download","wled_" + x.getAttribute("download") + (sd=="WLED"?"":("_" +sd)));
 		}
+		function userBackup(type) {
+			if (!confirm("Create internal backup for " + type + "? This will overwrite any existing backup.")) return;
+			var btn = gId("ubk" + type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + type.slice(1));
+			btn.disabled = true;
+			btn.innerHTML = "Creating...";
+			var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
+			xhr.open('POST', getURL('/backup/' + type), true);
+			xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
+				if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
+					btn.disabled = false;
+					btn.innerHTML = "Create " + type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + type.slice(1) + " Backup";
+					if (xhr.status === 200) {
+						showToast(xhr.responseText, false);
+						updateBackupButtons();
+					} else {
+						showToast("Backup failed: " + xhr.responseText, true);
+					}
+				}
+			};
+			xhr.send();
+		}
+		function userRestore(type) {
+			var message = "Restore " + type + " from internal backup? This will overwrite current " + type + ".";
+			if (type === 'config') message += " Device will reboot after restore.";
+			if (!confirm(message)) return;
+			var btn = gId("ures" + type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + type.slice(1));
+			btn.disabled = true;
+			btn.innerHTML = "Restoring...";
+			var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
+			xhr.open('POST', getURL('/restore/' + type), true);
+			xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
+				if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
+					if (xhr.status === 200) {
+						showToast(xhr.responseText, false);
+						if (type === 'config') {
+							setTimeout(function() { window.location.href = "/"; }, 3000);
+						} else {
+							btn.disabled = false;
+							btn.innerHTML = "Restore " + type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + type.slice(1);
+						}
+					} else {
+						btn.disabled = false;
+						btn.innerHTML = "Restore " + type.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + type.slice(1);
+						showToast("Restore failed: " + xhr.responseText, true);
+					}
+				}
+			};
+			xhr.send();
+		}
+		function updateBackupButtons() {
+			var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
+			xhr.open('GET', getURL('/backup/status'), true);
+			xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
+				if (xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200) {
+					try {
+						var status = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
+						gId("uresCfg").style.display = status.config ? "inline-block" : "none";
+						gId("uresPresets").style.display = status.presets ? "inline-block" : "none";
+						gId("uresPalettes").style.display = status.palettes ? "inline-block" : "none";
+						gId("uresMappings").style.display = status.mappings ? "inline-block" : "none";
+					} catch(e) {
+						console.error("Failed to parse backup status:", e);
+					}
+				}
+			};
+			xhr.send();
+		}
 		function S() {
 			getLoc();
 			if (loc) {
@@ -26,6 +93,7 @@
 			loadJS(getURL('/settings/s.js?p=6'), false, undefined, ()=>{
 				setBckFilename(gId("bckcfg"));
 				setBckFilename(gId("bckpresets"));
+				updateBackupButtons();
 			});	// If we set async false, file is loaded and executed, then next statement is processed
 			if (loc) d.Sf.action = getURL('/settings/sec');
 		}
@@ -70,6 +138,22 @@
 		<a class="btn lnk" id="bckpresets" href="/cfg.json" download="cfg">Backup configuration</a><br>
 		<div>Restore configuration<br><input type="file" name="data2" accept=".json"> <button type="button" onclick="uploadFile(d.Sf.data2,'/cfg.json');">Upload</button><br></div>
 		<hr>
+		<h3>Internal User Backup</h3>
+		<div class="warn">&#9888; Internal backups are stored on the device filesystem and will be lost if the device is reset or reflashed.<br>
+		User backups will OVERWRITE existing backups of the same type.</div>
+		<h4>Configuration</h4>
+		<button type="button" id="ubkCfg" onclick="userBackup('config')">Create Config Backup</button>
+		<button type="button" id="uresCfg" onclick="userRestore('config')" style="display:none;">Restore Config</button><br><br>
+		<h4>Presets</h4>
+		<button type="button" id="ubkPresets" onclick="userBackup('presets')">Create Presets Backup</button>
+		<button type="button" id="uresPresets" onclick="userRestore('presets')" style="display:none;">Restore Presets</button><br><br>
+		<h4>Custom Palettes</h4>
+		<button type="button" id="ubkPalettes" onclick="userBackup('palettes')">Create Palettes Backup</button>
+		<button type="button" id="uresPalettes" onclick="userRestore('palettes')" style="display:none;">Restore Palettes</button><br><br>
+		<h4>Custom Mappings</h4>
+		<button type="button" id="ubkMappings" onclick="userBackup('mappings')">Create Mappings Backup</button>
+		<button type="button" id="uresMappings" onclick="userRestore('mappings')" style="display:none;">Restore Mappings</button><br><br>
+		<hr>
 		<h3>About</h3>
 		<a href="https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED/" target="_blank">WLED</a>&#32;version ##VERSION##<!-- Autoreplaced from package.json --><br><br>
 		<a href="https://kno.wled.ge/about/contributors/" target="_blank">Contributors, dependencies and special thanks</a><br>

wled00/fcn_declare.h

@@ -103,6 +103,21 @@ inline bool readObjectFromFile(const String &file, const char* key, JsonDocument
 bool copyFile(const char* src_path, const char* dst_path);
 bool backupFile(const char* filename);
 bool restoreFile(const char* filename);
+bool userBackupFile(const char* filename);
+bool userRestoreFile(const char* filename);
+bool userBackupExists(const char* filename);
+bool userBackupConfig();
+bool userRestoreConfig();
+bool userBackupConfigExists();
+bool userBackupPresets();
+bool userRestorePresets();
+bool userBackupPresetsExists();
+int userBackupPalettes();
+int userRestorePalettes();
+bool userBackupPalettesExist();
+int userBackupMappings();
+int userRestoreMappings();
+bool userBackupMappingsExist();
 bool validateJsonFile(const char* filename);
 void dumpFilesToSerial();
 
@@ -434,35 +449,44 @@ inline uint8_t hw_random8() { return HW_RND_REGISTER; };
 inline uint8_t hw_random8(uint32_t upperlimit) { return (hw_random8() * upperlimit) >> 8; }; // input range 0-255
 inline uint8_t hw_random8(uint32_t lowerlimit, uint32_t upperlimit) { uint32_t range = upperlimit - lowerlimit; return lowerlimit + hw_random8(range); }; // input range 0-255
 
-// PSRAM allocation wrappers
-#if !defined(ESP8266) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+// memory allocation wrappers (util.cpp)
 extern "C" {
-  void *p_malloc(size_t);           // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_calloc(size_t, size_t);   // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_realloc(void *, size_t);  // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size); // realloc with malloc fallback, prefer PSRAM over DRAM
-  inline void p_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
-  void *d_malloc(size_t);           // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_calloc(size_t, size_t);   // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_realloc(void *, size_t);  // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
-  void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size); // realloc with malloc fallback, prefer DRAM over PSRAM
+  // prefer DRAM in d_xalloc functions, PSRAM as fallback
+  void *d_malloc(size_t);
+  void *d_calloc(size_t, size_t);
+  void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
+  #ifndef ESP8266
   inline void d_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
+  #else
+  inline void d_free(void *ptr) { free(ptr); }
+  #endif
+  #if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  // prefer PSRAM in p_xalloc functions, DRAM as fallback
+  void *p_malloc(size_t);
+  void *p_calloc(size_t, size_t);
+  void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
+  inline void p_free(void *ptr) { heap_caps_free(ptr); }
+  #else
+  #define p_malloc d_malloc
+  #define p_calloc d_calloc
+  #define p_realloc_malloc d_realloc_malloc
+  #define p_free d_free
+  #endif
 }
+#ifndef ESP8266
+inline size_t getFreeHeapSize() { return heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); } // returns free heap (ESP.getFreeHeap() can include other memory types)
+inline size_t getContiguousFreeHeap() { return heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); } // returns largest contiguous free block
 #else
-extern "C" {
-  void *realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size);
-}
-#define p_malloc malloc
-#define p_calloc calloc
-#define p_realloc realloc
-#define p_realloc_malloc realloc_malloc
-#define p_free free
-#define d_malloc malloc
-#define d_calloc calloc
-#define d_realloc realloc
-#define d_realloc_malloc realloc_malloc
-#define d_free free
+inline size_t getFreeHeapSize() { return ESP.getFreeHeap(); } // returns free heap
+inline size_t getContiguousFreeHeap() { return ESP.getMaxFreeBlockSize(); } // returns largest contiguous free block
 #endif
+#define BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS    (1 << 0) // ESP32 has 32bit accessible DRAM (usually ~50kB free) that must not be byte-accessed
+#define BFRALLOC_PREFER_DRAM     (1 << 1) // prefer DRAM over PSRAM
+#define BFRALLOC_ENFORCE_DRAM    (1 << 2) // use DRAM only, no PSRAM
+#define BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM    (1 << 3) // prefer PSRAM over DRAM
+#define BFRALLOC_ENFORCE_PSRAM   (1 << 4) // use PSRAM if available, otherwise uses DRAM
+#define BFRALLOC_CLEAR           (1 << 5) // clear allocated buffer after allocation
+void *allocate_buffer(size_t size, uint32_t type);
 
 void handleBootLoop();   // detect and handle bootloops
 #ifndef ESP8266

wled00/file.cpp

@@ -422,8 +422,8 @@ bool handleFileRead(AsyncWebServerRequest* request, String path){
   DEBUGFS_PRINT(F("WS FileRead: ")); DEBUGFS_PRINTLN(path);
   if(path.endsWith("/")) path += "index.htm";
   if(path.indexOf(F("sec")) > -1) return false;
-  #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
-  if (psramSafe && psramFound() && path.endsWith(FPSTR(getPresetsFileName()))) {
+  #ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+  if (path.endsWith(FPSTR(getPresetsFileName()))) {
     size_t psize;
     const uint8_t *presets = getPresetCache(psize);
     if (presets) {
@@ -516,6 +516,7 @@ bool compareFiles(const char* path1, const char* path2) {
 }
 
 static const char s_backup_fmt[] PROGMEM = "/bkp.%s";
+static const char s_user_backup_fmt[] PROGMEM = "/bku.%s";
 
 bool backupFile(const char* filename) {
   DEBUG_PRINTF("backup %s \n", filename);
@@ -572,6 +573,150 @@ bool validateJsonFile(const char* filename) {
   return result;
 }
 
+bool userBackupFile(const char* filename) {
+  DEBUG_PRINTF("user backup %s \n", filename);
+  if (!validateJsonFile(filename)) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("broken file"));
+    return false;
+  }
+  char backupname[32];
+  snprintf_P(backupname, sizeof(backupname), s_user_backup_fmt, filename + 1); // skip leading '/' in filename
+
+  if (copyFile(filename, backupname)) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("user backup ok"));
+    return true;
+  }
+  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("user backup failed"));
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool userRestoreFile(const char* filename) {
+  DEBUG_PRINTF("user restore %s \n", filename);
+  char backupname[32];
+  snprintf_P(backupname, sizeof(backupname), s_user_backup_fmt, filename + 1); // skip leading '/' in filename
+
+  if (!WLED_FS.exists(backupname)) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("no user backup found"));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (!validateJsonFile(backupname)) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("broken user backup"));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (copyFile(backupname, filename)) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("user restore ok"));
+    return true;
+  }
+  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("user restore failed"));
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool userBackupExists(const char* filename) {
+  char backupname[32];
+  snprintf_P(backupname, sizeof(backupname), s_user_backup_fmt, filename + 1); // skip leading '/' in filename
+  return WLED_FS.exists(backupname);
+}
+
+// User backup functions for different file types
+bool userBackupConfig() {
+  return userBackupFile("/cfg.json");
+}
+
+bool userRestoreConfig() {
+  return userRestoreFile("/cfg.json");
+}
+
+bool userBackupConfigExists() {
+  return userBackupExists("/cfg.json");
+}
+
+bool userBackupPresets() {
+  return userBackupFile("/presets.json");
+}
+
+bool userRestorePresets() {
+  return userRestoreFile("/presets.json");
+}
+
+bool userBackupPresetsExists() {
+  return userBackupExists("/presets.json");
+}
+
+int userBackupPalettes() {
+  int count = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/palette%d.json"), i);
+    if (WLED_FS.exists(filename)) {
+      if (userBackupFile(filename)) count++;
+    }
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+int userRestorePalettes() {
+  int count = 0;
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/palette%d.json"), i);
+    if (userRestoreFile(filename)) count++;
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+bool userBackupPalettesExist() {
+  for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/palette%d.json"), i);
+    if (userBackupExists(filename)) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+int userBackupMappings() {
+  int count = 0;
+  // Backup ledmap files
+  for (int i = 1; i < WLED_MAX_LEDMAPS; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/ledmap%d.json"), i);
+    if (WLED_FS.exists(filename)) {
+      if (userBackupFile(filename)) count++;
+    }
+  }
+  // Backup 2D gaps file if it exists
+  if (WLED_FS.exists("/2d-gaps.json")) {
+    if (userBackupFile("/2d-gaps.json")) count++;
+  }
+  return count;
+}
+
+int userRestoreMappings() {
+  int count = 0;
+  // Restore ledmap files
+  for (int i = 1; i < WLED_MAX_LEDMAPS; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/ledmap%d.json"), i);
+    if (userRestoreFile(filename)) count++;
+  }
+  // Restore 2D gaps file if backup exists
+  if (userRestoreFile("/2d-gaps.json")) count++;
+  return count;
+}
+
+bool userBackupMappingsExist() {
+  // Check ledmap files
+  for (int i = 1; i < WLED_MAX_LEDMAPS; i++) {
+    char filename[32];
+    sprintf_P(filename, PSTR("/ledmap%d.json"), i);
+    if (userBackupExists(filename)) return true;
+  }
+  // Check 2D gaps file
+  if (userBackupExists("/2d-gaps.json")) return true;
+  return false;
+}
+
 // print contents of all files in root dir to Serial except wsec files
 void dumpFilesToSerial() {
   File rootdir = WLED_FS.open("/", "r");

wled00/json.cpp

@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@ void serializeInfo(JsonObject root)
   root[F("clock")] = ESP.getCpuFreqMHz();
   root[F("flash")] = (ESP.getFlashChipSize()/1024)/1024;
   #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
-  root[F("maxalloc")] = ESP.getMaxAllocHeap();
+  root[F("maxalloc")] = getContiguousFreeHeap();
   root[F("resetReason0")] = (int)rtc_get_reset_reason(0);
   root[F("resetReason1")] = (int)rtc_get_reset_reason(1);
   #endif
@@ -823,15 +823,15 @@ void serializeInfo(JsonObject root)
   root[F("clock")] = ESP.getCpuFreqMHz();
   root[F("flash")] = (ESP.getFlashChipSize()/1024)/1024;
   #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
-  root[F("maxalloc")] = ESP.getMaxFreeBlockSize();
+  root[F("maxalloc")] = getContiguousFreeHeap();
   root[F("resetReason")] = (int)ESP.getResetInfoPtr()->reason;
   #endif
   root[F("lwip")] = LWIP_VERSION_MAJOR;
 #endif
 
-  root[F("freeheap")] = ESP.getFreeHeap();
-  #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
-  if (psramFound()) root[F("psram")] = ESP.getFreePsram();
+  root[F("freeheap")] = getFreeHeapSize();
+  #if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  root[F("psram")] = ESP.getFreePsram();
   #endif
   root[F("uptime")] = millis()/1000 + rolloverMillis*4294967;
 

wled00/util.cpp

@@ -629,92 +629,186 @@ int32_t hw_random(int32_t lowerlimit, int32_t upperlimit) {
   return hw_random(diff) + lowerlimit;
 }
 
-#if !defined(ESP8266) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) // ESP8266 does not support PSRAM, ESP32-C3 does not have PSRAM
-// p_x prefer PSRAM, d_x prefer DRAM
-void *p_malloc(size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (heap_caps_get_free_size(caps2) > 3*MIN_HEAP_SIZE && size < 512) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // use DRAM for small alloactions & when heap is plenty
-    return heap_caps_malloc_prefer(size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer PSRAM if it exists
-  }
-  return heap_caps_malloc(size, caps2);
-}
+// PSRAM compile time checks to provide info for misconfigured env
+#if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  #if defined(IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || defined(ESP8266)
+    #error "ESP32-C3 and ESP8266 with PSRAM is not supported, please remove BOARD_HAS_PSRAM definition"
+  #else
+    // BOARD_HAS_PSRAM also means that compiler flag "-mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue" has to be used
+    #warning "BOARD_HAS_PSRAM defined, make sure to use -mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue to prevent issues on rev.1 ESP32 boards \
+              see https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/external-ram.html#esp32-rev-v1-0"
+  #endif
+#else
+  #if !defined(IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) && !defined(ESP8266)
+    #pragma message("BOARD_HAS_PSRAM not defined, not using PSRAM.")
+  #endif
+#endif
 
-void *p_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (heap_caps_get_free_size(caps2) > 3*MIN_HEAP_SIZE && size < 512) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // use DRAM for small alloactions & when heap is plenty
-    return heap_caps_realloc_prefer(ptr, size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer PSRAM if it exists
+// memory allocation functions with minimum free heap size check
+#ifdef ESP8266
+static void *validateFreeHeap(void *buffer) {
+  // make sure there is enough free heap left if buffer was allocated in DRAM region, free it if not
+  if (getContiguousFreeHeap() < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
+    free(buffer);
+    return nullptr;
   }
-  return heap_caps_realloc(ptr, size, caps2);
-}
-
-// realloc with malloc fallback, original buffer is freed if realloc fails but not copied!
-void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-  void *newbuf = p_realloc(ptr, size); // try realloc first
-  if (newbuf) return newbuf; // realloc successful
-  p_free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed
-  return p_malloc(size); // fallback to malloc
-}
-
-void *p_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (heap_caps_get_free_size(caps2) > 3*MIN_HEAP_SIZE && size < 512) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // use DRAM for small alloactions & when heap is plenty
-    return heap_caps_calloc_prefer(count, size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer PSRAM if it exists
-  }
-  return heap_caps_calloc(count, size, caps2);
+  return buffer;
 }
 
 void *d_malloc(size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(caps1) < 3*MIN_HEAP_SIZE && size > MIN_HEAP_SIZE) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // prefer PSRAM for large alloactions & when DRAM is low
-    return heap_caps_malloc_prefer(size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer DRAM
-  }
-  return heap_caps_malloc(size, caps1);
+  // note: using "if (getContiguousFreeHeap() > MIN_HEAP_SIZE + size)" did perform worse in tests with regards to keeping heap healthy and UI working
+  void *buffer = malloc(size);
+  return validateFreeHeap(buffer);
 }
 
-void *d_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(caps1) < 3*MIN_HEAP_SIZE && size > MIN_HEAP_SIZE) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // prefer PSRAM for large alloactions & when DRAM is low
-    return heap_caps_realloc_prefer(ptr, size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer DRAM
+void *d_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) {
+  void *buffer = calloc(count, size);
+  return validateFreeHeap(buffer);
+}
+
+// realloc with malloc fallback, note: on ESPS8266 there is no safe way to ensure MIN_HEAP_SIZE during realloc()s, free buffer and allocate new one
+void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
+  //void *buffer = realloc(ptr, size);
+  //buffer = validateFreeHeap(buffer);
+  //if (buffer) return buffer; // realloc successful
+  //d_free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed (or min heap was exceeded)
+  //return d_malloc(size); // fallback to malloc
+  free(ptr);
+  return d_malloc(size);
+}
+#else
+static void *validateFreeHeap(void *buffer) {
+  // make sure there is enough free heap left if buffer was allocated in DRAM region, free it if not
+  // TODO: between allocate and free, heap can run low (async web access), only IDF V5 allows for a pre-allocation-check of all free blocks
+  if ((uintptr_t)buffer > SOC_DRAM_LOW && (uintptr_t)buffer < SOC_DRAM_HIGH && getContiguousFreeHeap() < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
+    free(buffer);
+    return nullptr;
   }
-  return heap_caps_realloc(ptr, size, caps1);
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+void *d_malloc(size_t size) {
+  void *buffer;
+  #if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+  // the newer ESP32 variants have byte-accessible fast RTC memory that can be used as heap, access speed is on-par with DRAM
+  // the system does prefer normal DRAM until full, since free RTC memory is ~7.5k only, its below the minimum heap threshold and needs to be allocated explicitly
+  // use RTC RAM for small allocations to improve fragmentation or if DRAM is running low
+  if (size < 256 || getContiguousFreeHeap() < 2*MIN_HEAP_SIZE + size)
+    buffer = heap_caps_malloc_prefer(size, 2, MALLOC_CAP_RTCRAM, MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT);
+  else
+  #endif
+  buffer = heap_caps_malloc(size, MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); // allocate in any available heap memory
+  buffer = validateFreeHeap(buffer); // make sure there is enough free heap left
+  #ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+  if (!buffer)
+    return heap_caps_malloc(size, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); // DRAM failed, use PSRAM if available
+  #endif
+  return buffer;
+}
+
+void *d_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) {
+  void *buffer = d_malloc(count * size);
+  if (buffer) memset(buffer, 0, count * size); // clear allocated buffer
+  return buffer;
 }
 
 // realloc with malloc fallback, original buffer is freed if realloc fails but not copied!
 void *d_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-  void *newbuf = d_realloc(ptr, size); // try realloc first
-  if (newbuf) return newbuf; // realloc successful
-  d_free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed
+  void *buffer = heap_caps_realloc(ptr, size, MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT);
+  buffer = validateFreeHeap(buffer);
+  if (buffer) return buffer; // realloc successful
+  d_free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed (or min heap was exceeded)
   return d_malloc(size); // fallback to malloc
 }
 
-void *d_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) {
-  int caps1 = MALLOC_CAP_DEFAULT | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  int caps2 = MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM  | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT;
-  if (psramSafe) {
-    if (size > MIN_HEAP_SIZE) std::swap(caps1, caps2);  // prefer PSRAM for large alloactions
-    return heap_caps_calloc_prefer(count, size, 2, caps1, caps2); // otherwise prefer DRAM
-  }
-  return heap_caps_calloc(count, size, caps1);
+#ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+// p_xalloc: prefer PSRAM, use DRAM as fallback
+void *p_malloc(size_t size) {
+  void *buffer = heap_caps_malloc_prefer(size, 2, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT, MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT);
+  return validateFreeHeap(buffer);
 }
-#else // ESP8266 & ESP32-C3
+
+void *p_calloc(size_t count, size_t size) {
+  void *buffer = p_malloc(count * size);
+  if (buffer) memset(buffer, 0, count * size); // clear allocated buffer
+  return buffer;
+}
+
 // realloc with malloc fallback, original buffer is freed if realloc fails but not copied!
-void *realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
-  void *newbuf = realloc(ptr, size); // try realloc first
-  if (newbuf) return newbuf; // realloc successful
-  free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed
-  return malloc(size); // fallback to malloc
+void *p_realloc_malloc(void *ptr, size_t size) {
+  void *buffer = heap_caps_realloc(ptr, size, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT);
+  if (buffer) return buffer; // realloc successful
+  p_free(ptr); // free old buffer if realloc failed
+  return p_malloc(size); // fallback to malloc
 }
 #endif
+#endif
+
+// allocation function for buffers like pixel-buffers and segment data
+// optimises the use of memory types to balance speed and heap availability, always favours DRAM if possible
+// if multiple conflicting types are defined, the lowest bits of "type" take priority (see fcn_declare.h for types)
+void *allocate_buffer(size_t size, uint32_t type) {
+  void *buffer = nullptr;
+  #ifdef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32
+  // only classic ESP32 has "32bit accessible only" aka IRAM type. Using it frees up normal DRAM for other purposes
+  // this memory region is used for IRAM_ATTR functions, whatever is left is unused and can be used for pixel buffers
+  // prefer this type over PSRAM as it is slightly faster, except for _pixels where it is on-par as PSRAM-caching does a good job for mostly sequential access
+  if (type & BFRALLOC_NOBYTEACCESS) {
+    // prefer 32bit region, then PSRAM, fallback to any heap. Note: if adding "INTERNAL"-flag this wont work
+    buffer = heap_caps_malloc_prefer(size, 3, MALLOC_CAP_32BIT, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM, MALLOC_CAP_8BIT);
+    buffer = validateFreeHeap(buffer);
+  }
+  else
+  #endif
+  #if !defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  buffer = d_malloc(size);
+  #else
+  if (type & BFRALLOC_PREFER_DRAM) {
+    if (getContiguousFreeHeap() < 3*(MIN_HEAP_SIZE/2) + size && size > PSRAM_THRESHOLD)
+      buffer = p_malloc(size); // prefer PSRAM for large allocations & when DRAM is low
+    else
+      buffer = d_malloc(size); // allocate in DRAM if enough free heap is available, PSRAM as fallback
+  }
+  else if (type & BFRALLOC_ENFORCE_DRAM)
+    buffer = heap_caps_malloc(size, MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); // use DRAM only, otherwise return nullptr
+  else if (type & BFRALLOC_PREFER_PSRAM) {
+    // if DRAM is plenty, prefer it over PSRAM for speed, reserve enough DRAM for segment data: if MAX_SEGMENT_DATA is exceeded, always uses PSRAM
+    if (getContiguousFreeHeap() > 4*MIN_HEAP_SIZE + size + ((uint32_t)(MAX_SEGMENT_DATA - Segment::getUsedSegmentData())))
+      buffer = d_malloc(size);
+    else
+      buffer = p_malloc(size); // prefer PSRAM
+  }
+  else if (type & BFRALLOC_ENFORCE_PSRAM)
+    buffer = heap_caps_malloc(size, MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM | MALLOC_CAP_8BIT); // use PSRAM only, otherwise return nullptr
+  buffer = validateFreeHeap(buffer);
+  #endif
+  if (buffer && (type & BFRALLOC_CLEAR))
+    memset(buffer, 0, size); // clear allocated buffer
+  /*
+  #if !defined(ESP8266) && defined(WLED_DEBUG)
+  if (buffer) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("*Buffer allocated: size:%d, address:%p"), size, (uintptr_t)buffer);
+    if ((uintptr_t)buffer > SOC_DRAM_LOW && (uintptr_t)buffer < SOC_DRAM_HIGH)
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" in DRAM"));
+    #ifndef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3
+    else if ((uintptr_t)buffer > SOC_EXTRAM_DATA_LOW && (uintptr_t)buffer < SOC_EXTRAM_DATA_HIGH)
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" in PSRAM"));
+    #endif
+    #ifdef CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32
+    else if ((uintptr_t)buffer > SOC_IRAM_LOW && (uintptr_t)buffer < SOC_IRAM_HIGH)
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" in IRAM"));   // only used on ESP32 (MALLOC_CAP_32BIT)
+    #else
+    else if ((uintptr_t)buffer > SOC_RTC_DRAM_LOW && (uintptr_t)buffer < SOC_RTC_DRAM_HIGH)
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" in RTCRAM")); // not available on ESP32
+    #endif
+    else
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F(" in ???")); // unknown (check soc.h for other memory regions)
+  } else
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Buffer allocation failed: size:%d\n"), size);
+  #endif 
+  */
+  return buffer;
+}
 
 // bootloop detection and handling
 // checks if the ESP reboots multiple times due to a crash or watchdog timeout

wled00/wled.cpp

@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ void WLED::loop()
 
   // reconnect WiFi to clear stale allocations if heap gets too low
   if (millis() - heapTime > 15000) {
-    uint32_t heap = ESP.getFreeHeap();
+    uint32_t heap = getFreeHeapSize();
     if (heap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE && lastHeap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
       DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap too low! %u\n"), heap);
       forceReconnect = true;
@@ -241,13 +241,37 @@ void WLED::loop()
     DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("---DEBUG INFO---"));
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Runtime: %lu\n"),  millis());
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Unix time: %u,%03u\n"), toki.getTime().sec, toki.getTime().ms);
-    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Free heap: %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
     #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("=== Memory Info ==="));
+    // Internal DRAM (standard 8-bit accessible heap)
+    size_t dram_free = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_8BIT | MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
+    size_t dram_largest = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_8BIT | MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL);
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("DRAM 8-bit:   Free: %7u bytes | Largest block: %7u bytes\n"), dram_free, dram_largest);
+    #ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+    size_t psram_free = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM);
+    size_t psram_largest = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_SPIRAM);
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PSRAM:        Free: %7u bytes | Largest block: %6u bytes\n"), psram_free, psram_largest);
+    #endif
+    #if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
+    // 32-bit DRAM (not byte accessible, only available on ESP32)
+    size_t dram32_free = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_32BIT | MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL) - dram_free; // returns all 32bit DRAM, subtract 8bit DRAM
+    //size_t dram32_largest = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_32BIT | MALLOC_CAP_INTERNAL); // returns largest DRAM block -> not useful
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("DRAM 32-bit:  Free: %7u bytes | Largest block: N/A\n"), dram32_free);
+    #else
+    // Fast RTC Memory (not available on ESP32)
+    size_t rtcram_free = heap_caps_get_free_size(MALLOC_CAP_RTCRAM);
+    size_t rtcram_largest = heap_caps_get_largest_free_block(MALLOC_CAP_RTCRAM);
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("RTC RAM:      Free: %7u bytes | Largest block: %7u bytes\n"), rtcram_free, rtcram_largest);
+    #endif
     if (psramFound()) {
       DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PSRAM: %dkB/%dkB\n"), ESP.getFreePsram()/1024, ESP.getPsramSize()/1024);
-      if (!psramSafe) DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Not using PSRAM."));
+    #ifndef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("BOARD_HAS_PSRAM not defined, not using PSRAM."));
+    #endif
     }
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("TX power: %d/%d\n"), WiFi.getTxPower(), txPower);
+    #else // ESP8266
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Free heap/contiguous: %u/%u\n"), getFreeHeapSize(), getContiguousFreeHeap());
     #endif
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Wifi state: %d\n"), WiFi.status());
     #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_ESPNOW
@@ -367,20 +391,16 @@ void WLED::setup()
   DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("esp8266 @ %u MHz.\nCore: %s\n"), ESP.getCpuFreqMHz(), ESP.getCoreVersion());
   DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("FLASH: %u MB\n"), (ESP.getFlashChipSize()/1024)/1024);
 #endif
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
+
+#if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
+  // if JSON buffer allocation fails requestJsonBufferLock() will always return false preventing crashes
+  pDoc = new PSRAMDynamicJsonDocument(2 * JSON_BUFFER_SIZE);
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("JSON buffer size: %ubytes\n"), (2 * JSON_BUFFER_SIZE));
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PSRAM: %dkB/%dkB\n"), ESP.getFreePsram()/1024, ESP.getPsramSize()/1024);
+#endif
 
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
-  // BOARD_HAS_PSRAM also means that a compiler flag "-mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue" was used and so PSRAM is safe to use on rev.1 ESP32
-  #if !defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM) && !(defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3))
-  if (psramFound() && ESP.getChipRevision() < 3) psramSafe = false;
-  if (!psramSafe) DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Not using PSRAM."));
-  #endif
-  pDoc = new PSRAMDynamicJsonDocument((psramSafe && psramFound() ? 2 : 1)*JSON_BUFFER_SIZE);
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("JSON buffer allocated: %u\n"), (psramSafe && psramFound() ? 2 : 1)*JSON_BUFFER_SIZE);
-  // if the above fails requestJsonBufferLock() will always return false preventing crashes
-  if (psramFound()) {
-    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PSRAM: %dkB/%dkB\n"), ESP.getFreePsram()/1024, ESP.getPsramSize()/1024);
-  }
   DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("TX power: %d/%d\n"), WiFi.getTxPower(), txPower);
 #endif
 
@@ -395,7 +415,7 @@ void WLED::setup()
   PinManager::allocatePin(2, true, PinOwner::DMX);
 #endif
 
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 
   bool fsinit = false;
   DEBUGFS_PRINTLN(F("Mount FS"));
@@ -433,7 +453,7 @@ void WLED::setup()
   }
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Reading config"));
   bool needsCfgSave = deserializeConfigFromFS();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 
 #if defined(STATUSLED) && STATUSLED>=0
   if (!PinManager::isPinAllocated(STATUSLED)) {
@@ -445,12 +465,12 @@ void WLED::setup()
 
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Initializing strip"));
   beginStrip();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Usermods setup"));
   userSetup();
   UsermodManager::setup();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 
   if (needsCfgSave) serializeConfigToFS(); // usermods required new parameters; need to wait for strip to be initialised #4752
 
@@ -515,13 +535,13 @@ void WLED::setup()
   // HTTP server page init
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initServer"));
   initServer();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_INFRARED
   // init IR
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("initIR"));
   initIR();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
 #endif
 
   // Seed FastLED random functions with an esp random value, which already works properly at this point.

wled00/wled.h

@@ -167,16 +167,13 @@
 // The following is a construct to enable code to compile without it.
 // There is a code that will still not use PSRAM though:
 //    AsyncJsonResponse is a derived class that implements DynamicJsonDocument (AsyncJson-v6.h)
-#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
-extern bool psramSafe;
+#if defined(BOARD_HAS_PSRAM)
 struct PSRAM_Allocator {
   void* allocate(size_t size) {
-    if (psramSafe && psramFound()) return ps_malloc(size); // use PSRAM if it exists
-    else                           return malloc(size);    // fallback
+    return ps_malloc(size); // use PSRAM
   }
   void* reallocate(void* ptr, size_t new_size) {
-    if (psramSafe && psramFound()) return ps_realloc(ptr, new_size); // use PSRAM if it exists
-    else                           return realloc(ptr, new_size);    // fallback
+    return ps_realloc(ptr, new_size); // use PSRAM
   }
   void deallocate(void* pointer) {
     free(pointer);
@@ -894,8 +891,6 @@ WLED_GLOBAL byte optionType;
 WLED_GLOBAL bool configNeedsWrite  _INIT(false);        // flag to initiate saving of config
 WLED_GLOBAL bool doReboot          _INIT(false);        // flag to initiate reboot from async handlers
 
-WLED_GLOBAL bool psramSafe         _INIT(true);         // is it safe to use PSRAM (on ESP32 rev.1; compiler fix used "-mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue")
-
 // status led
 #if defined(STATUSLED)
 WLED_GLOBAL unsigned long ledStatusLastMillis _INIT(0);
@@ -969,8 +964,11 @@ WLED_GLOBAL int8_t spi_sclk  _INIT(SPISCLKPIN);
 
 // global ArduinoJson buffer
 #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32)
-WLED_GLOBAL JsonDocument *pDoc _INIT(nullptr);
 WLED_GLOBAL SemaphoreHandle_t jsonBufferLockMutex _INIT(xSemaphoreCreateRecursiveMutex());
+#endif
+#ifdef BOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+// if board has PSRAM, use it for JSON document (allocated in setup())
+WLED_GLOBAL JsonDocument *pDoc _INIT(nullptr);
 #else
 WLED_GLOBAL StaticJsonDocument<JSON_BUFFER_SIZE> gDoc;
 WLED_GLOBAL JsonDocument *pDoc _INIT(&gDoc);

wled00/wled_server.cpp

@@ -349,8 +349,13 @@ void initServer()
     if (verboseResponse) {
       if (!isConfig) {
         lastInterfaceUpdate = millis(); // prevent WS update until cooldown
-        interfaceUpdateCallMode = CALL_MODE_WS_SEND; // schedule WS update
-        serveJson(request); return; //if JSON contains "v"
+        interfaceUpdateCallMode = CALL_MODE_WS_SEND; // override call mode & schedule WS update
+        #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
+        // publish state to MQTT as requested in wled#4643 even if only WS response selected
+        publishMqtt();
+        #endif
+        serveJson(request);
+        return; //if JSON contains "v"
       } else {
         configNeedsWrite = true; //Save new settings to FS
       }
@@ -368,7 +373,111 @@ void initServer()
   });
 
   server.on(F("/freeheap"), HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
-    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), (String)ESP.getFreeHeap());
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), (String)getFreeHeapSize());
+  });
+
+  // User backup endpoints
+  server.on(F("/backup/config"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    bool success = userBackupConfig();
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), success ? F("Config backup created") : F("Config backup failed"));
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/restore/config"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    bool success = userRestoreConfig();
+    if (success) {
+      serveMessage(request, 200, F("Configuration restored."), F("Rebooting..."), 131);
+      doReboot = true;
+    } else {
+      request->send(400, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Config restore failed or no backup found"));
+    }
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/backup/presets"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    bool success = userBackupPresets();
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), success ? F("Presets backup created") : F("Presets backup failed"));
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/restore/presets"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    bool success = userRestorePresets();
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), success ? F("Presets restored") : F("Presets restore failed or no backup found"));
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/backup/palettes"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    int count = userBackupPalettes();
+    String response = F("Palettes backup created: ");
+    response += count;
+    response += F(" files");
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), response);
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/restore/palettes"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    int count = userRestorePalettes();
+    String response = F("Palettes restored: ");
+    response += count;
+    response += F(" files");
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), response);
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/backup/mappings"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    int count = userBackupMappings();
+    String response = F("Mappings backup created: ");
+    response += count;
+    response += F(" files");
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), response);
+  });
+
+  server.on(F("/restore/mappings"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (!correctPIN) {
+      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+      return;
+    }
+    int count = userRestoreMappings();
+    String response = F("Mappings restored: ");
+    response += count;
+    response += F(" files");
+    request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), response);
+  });
+
+  // Check backup status endpoint
+  server.on(F("/backup/status"), HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    String response = F("{\"config\":");
+    response += userBackupConfigExists() ? F("true") : F("false");
+    response += F(",\"presets\":");
+    response += userBackupPresetsExists() ? F("true") : F("false");
+    response += F(",\"palettes\":");
+    response += userBackupPalettesExist() ? F("true") : F("false");
+    response += F(",\"mappings\":");
+    response += userBackupMappingsExist() ? F("true") : F("false");
+    response += F("}");
+    request->send(200, F("application/json"), response);
   });
 
 #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_USERMOD_PAGE

wled00/ws.cpp

@@ -59,6 +59,10 @@ void wsEvent(AsyncWebSocket * server, AsyncWebSocketClient * client, AwsEventTyp
 
         if (!interfaceUpdateCallMode) { // individual client response only needed if no WS broadcast soon
           if (verboseResponse) {
+            #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
+            // publish state to MQTT as requested in wled#4643 even if only WS response selected
+            publishMqtt();
+            #endif
             sendDataWs(client);
           } else {
             // we have to send something back otherwise WS connection closes
@@ -124,8 +128,8 @@ void sendDataWs(AsyncWebSocketClient * client)
   DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("JSON buffer size: %u for WS request (%u).\n"), pDoc->memoryUsage(), len);
 
   // the following may no longer be necessary as heap management has been fixed by @willmmiles in AWS
-  size_t heap1 = ESP.getFreeHeap();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  size_t heap1 = getFreeHeapSize();
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
   #ifdef ESP8266
   if (len>heap1) {
     DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Out of memory (WS)!"));
@@ -134,8 +138,8 @@ void sendDataWs(AsyncWebSocketClient * client)
   #endif
   AsyncWebSocketBuffer buffer(len);
   #ifdef ESP8266
-  size_t heap2 = ESP.getFreeHeap();
-  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), ESP.getFreeHeap());
+  size_t heap2 = getFreeHeapSize();
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("heap %u\n"), getFreeHeapSize());
   #else
   size_t heap2 = 0; // ESP32 variants do not have the same issue and will work without checking heap allocation
   #endif