developers.home-assistant/docs/external_api_python.md

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See the developer documentation for a full overview of the documentation. The rest of this page will contain examples on how to use it.

In the package homeassistant.remote a Python API on top of the HTTP API can be found. If you are not using the frontend in your setup then you need to add the api component to your configuration.yaml file to use the Python Remote API.

A simple way to get all current entities is to visit the "Set State" page in the "Developer Tools". For the examples below just choose one from the available entries. Here the sensor sensor.office_temperature and the switch switch.livingroom_pin_2 are used.

First import the module and setup the basics:

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'password')
print(remote.validate_api(api))

{% linkable_title Get configuration %}

Get the current configuration of a Home Assistant instance:

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'password')

print(remote.get_config(api))

{% linkable_title Get details about services, events, and entitites %}

The output from this is similar to the output you'd find via the frontend, using the Developer Tools.

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')

print('-- Available services:')
services = remote.get_services(api)
for service in services:
    print(service['services'])

print('\n-- Available events:')
events = remote.get_event_listeners(api)
for event in events:
    print(event)

print('\n-- Available entities:')
entities = remote.get_states(api)
for entity in entities:
    print(entity)

{% linkable_title Get the state of an entity %}

To get the details of a single entity, use get_state:

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
office_temp = remote.get_state(api, 'sensor.office_temperature')
print('{} is {} {}.'.format(
    office_temp.name, office_temp.state,
    office_temp.attributes['unit_of_measurement'])
)

This outputs the details which are stored for this entity, ie:

Office Temperature is 19 °C.

Switches work the same way. The only difference is that both entities have different attributes.

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
switch_livingroom = remote.get_state(api, 'switch.livingroom_pin_2')
print('{} is {}.'.format(
    switch_livingroom.name, switch_livingroom.state)
)

{% linkable_title Set the state of an entity %}

Of course, it's possible to set the state as well:

import homeassistant.remote as remote
from homeassistant.const import STATE_ON

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
remote.set_state(api, 'sensor.office_temperature', new_state=123)
remote.set_state(api, 'switch.livingroom_pin_2', new_state=STATE_ON)

The state will be set to the new values until the next update occurs.

{% linkable_title Blinking all entities of a domain %}

If you want to turn on all entities of a domain, retrieve the service via get_services and act on that:

import time
import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
domain = 'switch'

remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_on')
time.sleep(10)
remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_off')

{% linkable_title Control a single entity %}

To turn on or off a single switch, pass the ID of the entity:

import time
import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
domain = 'switch'
switch_name = 'switch.livingroom_pin_2'

remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_on', {'entity_id': '{}'.format(switch_name)})
time.sleep(5)
remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_off', {'entity_id': '{}'.format(switch_name)})

{% linkable_title Specify a timeout %}

The default timeout for an API call with call_service is 5 seconds. Services taking longer than this to return will raise homeassistant.exceptions.HomeAssistantError: Timeout, unless provided with a longer timeout.

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('host', 'password')
domain = 'switch'

# Assuming switch.timeout_switch takes 10 seconds to return
switch_name = 'switch.timeout_switch'

# Raises homeassistant.exceptions.HomeAssistantError: Timeout when talking to
remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_on', {'entity_id': switch_name})

# Runs withous exception
remote.call_service(api, domain, 'turn_on', {'entity_id': switch_name},
                    timeout=11)

{% linkable_title Send a notification %}

The example uses the Jabber notification platform to send a single message to the given recipient in the configuration.yaml file:

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
domain = 'notify'
data = {"title":"Test", "message":"A simple test message from HA."}

remote.call_service(api, domain, 'jabber', data)

{% linkable_title Examples %}

This section contains a couple of sample scripts.

{% linkable_title List all sensors and their value %}

If you want to see, export or list all sensor states then an easy way to do it, is to get all entities and filter for the one you are looking for.

import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')
entities = remote.get_states(api)
for entity in entities:
    if entity.entity_id.startswith('sensor'):
        data = remote.get_state(api, entity.entity_id)
        print('{}: {}'.format(data.attributes['friendly_name'], data.state))

{% linkable_title Show difference between last_changed and last_updated %}

The documentation about the State Objects describes the last_changed and last_updated fields. This example shows how it works in practice.

import time

from prettytable import PrettyTable
import homeassistant.remote as remote

api = remote.API('127.0.0.1', 'YOUR_PASSWORD')

ACTIONS = {
    'Create sensor': [21, 'Test'],
    'No new sensor value': [21, 'Test'],
    'New sensor value': [22, 'Test'],
    'Update attribute': [22, 'Test1'],
}

output = PrettyTable(['Action', 'Last changed', 'Last updated'])

for key, value in ACTIONS.items():
    remote.set_state(api, 'sensor.test', new_state=value[0],
                     attributes={'friendly_name': value[1]})
    data = remote.get_state(api, 'sensor.test')
    output.add_row([key, data.last_changed, data.last_updated])
    time.sleep(2)

print(output)