Address code review feedback: use boolean coercion instead of logical OR

Co-authored-by: netmindz <442066+netmindz@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/usermods.yml

@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 name: Usermod CI
 
 on:
-  push:
-    paths:
-      - usermods/**
-      - .github/workflows/usermods.yml
   pull_request:
     paths:
       - usermods/**
@@ -12,6 +8,8 @@ on:
 jobs:
 
   get_usermod_envs:
+    # Only run for pull requests from forks (not from branches within wled/WLED)
+    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository
     name: Gather Usermods
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
@@ -31,6 +29,8 @@ jobs:
 
 
   build:
+    # Only run for pull requests from forks (not from branches within wled/WLED)
+    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name != github.repository
     name: Build Enviornments
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: get_usermod_envs

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -26,9 +26,28 @@ Github will pick up the changes so your PR stays up-to-date.
 > It has many subtle and unexpected consequences on our github reposistory.
 > For example, we regularly lost review comments when the PR author force-pushes code changes. So, pretty please, do not force-push.
 
+> [!TIP]
+> use [cherry-picking](https://docs.github.com/en/desktop/managing-commits/cherry-picking-a-commit-in-github-desktop) to copy commits from one branch to another.
 
 You can find a collection of very useful tips and tricks here: https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED/wiki/How-to-properly-submit-a-PR
 
+### Source Code from an AI agent or bot
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> Its OK if you took help from an AI for writing your source code. 
+>
+> However, we expect a few things from you as the person making a contribution to WLED:
+* Make sure you really understand the code suggested by the AI, and don't just accept it because it "seems to work".
+* Don't let the AI change existing code without double-checking by you as the contributor. Often, the result will not be complete. For example, previous source code comments may be lost.
+* Remember that AI are still "Often-Wrong" ;-)
+* If you don't feel very confident using English, you can use AI for translating code comments and descriptions into English. AI bots are very good at understanding language. However, always check if the results is correct. The translation might still have wrong technical terms, or errors in some details.
+
+#### best practice with AI:
+  * As the person who contributes source code to WLED, make sure you understand exactly what the AI generated code does
+  * best practice: add a comment like ``'// below section of my code was generated by an AI``, when larger parts of your source code were not written by you personally.
+  * always review translations and code comments for correctness
+  * always review AI generated source code
+  * If the AI has rewritten existing code, check that the change is necessary and that nothing has been lost or broken. Also check that previous code comments are still intact.
+
 
 ### Code style
 

boards/adafruit_matrixportal_esp32s3_wled.json

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+{
+  "build": {
+    "arduino":{
+      "ldscript": "esp32s3_out.ld",
+      "partitions": "default_8MB.csv"
+    },
+    "core": "esp32",
+    "extra_flags": [
+      "-DARDUINO_ADAFRUIT_MATRIXPORTAL_ESP32S3",
+      "-DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1",
+      "-DARDUINO_RUNNING_CORE=1",
+      "-DARDUINO_EVENT_RUNNING_CORE=1",
+      "-DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM"
+    ],
+    "f_cpu": "240000000L",
+    "f_flash": "80000000L",
+    "flash_mode": "qio",
+    "hwids": [
+      [
+        "0x239A",
+        "0x8125"
+      ],
+      [
+        "0x239A",
+        "0x0125"
+      ],
+      [
+        "0x239A",
+        "0x8126"
+      ]
+    ],
+    "mcu": "esp32s3",
+    "variant": "adafruit_matrixportal_esp32s3"
+  },
+  "connectivity": [
+    "bluetooth",
+    "wifi"
+  ],
+  "debug": {
+    "openocd_target": "esp32s3.cfg"
+  },
+  "frameworks": [
+    "arduino",
+    "espidf"
+  ],
+  "name": "Adafruit MatrixPortal ESP32-S3 for WLED",
+  "upload": {
+    "flash_size": "8MB",
+    "maximum_ram_size": 327680,
+    "maximum_size": 8388608,
+    "use_1200bps_touch": true,
+    "wait_for_upload_port": true,
+    "require_upload_port": true,
+    "speed": 460800
+  },
+  "url": "https://www.adafruit.com/product/5778",
+  "vendor": "Adafruit"
+}

package.json

@@ -14,14 +14,14 @@
   },
   "repository": {
     "type": "git",
-    "url": "git+https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED.git"
+    "url": "git+https://github.com/wled/WLED.git"
   },
   "author": "",
   "license": "ISC",
   "bugs": {
-    "url": "https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED/issues"
+    "url": "https://github.com/wled/WLED/issues"
   },
-  "homepage": "https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED#readme",
+  "homepage": "https://github.com/wled/WLED#readme",
   "dependencies": {
     "clean-css": "^5.3.3",
     "html-minifier-terser": "^7.2.0",
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@
   "engines": {
     "node": ">=20.0.0"
   }
-}
+}

pio-scripts/output_bins.py

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ Import('env')
 import os
 import shutil
 import gzip
+import json
 
 OUTPUT_DIR = "build_output{}".format(os.path.sep)
 #OUTPUT_DIR = os.path.join("build_output")
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@ def create_release(source):
     release_name_def = _get_cpp_define_value(env, "WLED_RELEASE_NAME")
     if release_name_def:
         release_name = release_name_def.replace("\\\"", "")
-        version = _get_cpp_define_value(env, "WLED_VERSION")
+        with open("package.json", "r") as package:
+            version = json.load(package)["version"]        
         release_file = os.path.join(OUTPUT_DIR, "release", f"WLED_{version}_{release_name}.bin")
         release_gz_file = release_file + ".gz"
         print(f"Copying {source} to {release_file}")

pio-scripts/set_metadata.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 Import('env')
 import subprocess
+import json
 import re
 
 def get_github_repo():
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ def get_github_repo():
         
         # Check if it's a GitHub URL
         if 'github.com' not in remote_url.lower():
-            return 'unknown'
+            return None
         
         # Parse GitHub URL patterns:
         # https://github.com/owner/repo.git
@@ -63,17 +64,53 @@ def get_github_repo():
         if ssh_match:
             return ssh_match.group(1)
         
-        return 'unknown'
+        return None
         
     except FileNotFoundError:
         # Git CLI is not installed or not in PATH
-        return 'unknown'
+        return None
     except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
         # Git command failed (e.g., not a git repo, no remote, etc.)
-        return 'unknown'
+        return None
     except Exception:
         # Any other unexpected error
-        return 'unknown'
+        return None
 
-repo = get_github_repo()
-env.Append(BUILD_FLAGS=[f'-DWLED_REPO=\\"{repo}\\"'])
+# WLED version is managed by package.json; this is picked up in several places
+# - It's integrated in to the UI code
+# - Here, for wled_metadata.cpp
+# - The output_bins script
+# We always take it from package.json to ensure consistency
+with open("package.json", "r") as package:
+    WLED_VERSION = json.load(package)["version"]
+
+def has_def(cppdefs, name):
+    """ Returns true if a given name is set in a CPPDEFINES collection """
+    for f in cppdefs:
+        if isinstance(f, tuple):
+            f = f[0]
+        if f == name:
+            return True
+    return False
+
+
+def add_wled_metadata_flags(env, node):    
+    cdefs = env["CPPDEFINES"].copy()
+
+    if not has_def(cdefs, "WLED_REPO"):
+        repo = get_github_repo()
+        if repo:
+            cdefs.append(("WLED_REPO", f"\\\"{repo}\\\""))
+
+    cdefs.append(("WLED_VERSION", WLED_VERSION))
+
+    # This transforms the node in to a Builder; it cannot be modified again
+    return env.Object(
+        node,
+        CPPDEFINES=cdefs
+    )
+   
+env.AddBuildMiddleware(
+    add_wled_metadata_flags,
+    "*/wled_metadata.cpp"
+)

pio-scripts/set_version.py

@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-Import('env')
-import json
-
-PACKAGE_FILE = "package.json"
-
-with open(PACKAGE_FILE, "r") as package:
-    version = json.load(package)["version"]
-    env.Append(BUILD_FLAGS=[f"-DWLED_VERSION={version}"])

platformio.ini

@@ -10,7 +10,27 @@
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # CI/release binaries
-default_envs = nodemcuv2, esp8266_2m, esp01_1m_full, nodemcuv2_160, esp8266_2m_160, esp01_1m_full_160, nodemcuv2_compat, esp8266_2m_compat, esp01_1m_full_compat, esp32dev, esp32_eth, lolin_s2_mini, esp32c3dev, esp32s3dev_16MB_opi, esp32s3dev_8MB_opi, esp32s3_4M_qspi, esp32_wrover, usermods
+default_envs = nodemcuv2
+               esp8266_2m
+               esp01_1m_full
+               nodemcuv2_160
+               esp8266_2m_160
+               esp01_1m_full_160
+               nodemcuv2_compat
+               esp8266_2m_compat
+               esp01_1m_full_compat
+               esp32dev
+               esp32dev_debug
+               esp32_eth
+               esp32_wrover
+               lolin_s2_mini
+               esp32c3dev
+               esp32c3dev_qio
+               esp32S3_wroom2
+               esp32s3dev_16MB_opi
+               esp32s3dev_8MB_opi
+               esp32s3_4M_qspi
+               usermods
 
 src_dir  = ./wled00
 data_dir = ./wled00/data
@@ -110,8 +130,7 @@ ldscript_4m1m = eagle.flash.4m1m.ld
 
 [scripts_defaults]
 extra_scripts =
-  pre:pio-scripts/set_version.py
-  pre:pio-scripts/set_repo.py
+  pre:pio-scripts/set_metadata.py
   post:pio-scripts/output_bins.py
   post:pio-scripts/strip-floats.py
   pre:pio-scripts/user_config_copy.py
@@ -141,7 +160,7 @@ lib_compat_mode = strict
 lib_deps =
     fastled/FastLED @ 3.6.0
     IRremoteESP8266 @ 2.8.2
-    makuna/NeoPixelBus @ 2.8.3
+    https://github.com/Makuna/NeoPixelBus.git#a0919d1c10696614625978dd6fb750a1317a14ce
     https://github.com/Aircoookie/ESPAsyncWebServer.git#v2.4.2
     marvinroger/AsyncMqttClient @ 0.9.0
   # for I2C interface
@@ -237,7 +256,7 @@ lib_deps_compat =
 lib_deps =
   esp32async/AsyncTCP @ 3.4.7
   bitbank2/AnimatedGIF@^1.4.7
-  https://github.com/Aircoookie/GifDecoder#bc3af18
+  https://github.com/Aircoookie/GifDecoder.git#bc3af189b6b1e06946569f6b4287f0b79a860f8e
 build_flags =
   -D CONFIG_ASYNC_TCP_USE_WDT=0
   -D CONFIG_ASYNC_TCP_STACK_SIZE=8192
@@ -265,12 +284,14 @@ AR_lib_deps =  ;; for pre-usermod-library platformio_override compatibility
 
 [esp32_idf_V4]
 ;; build environment for ESP32 using ESP-IDF 4.4.x / arduino-esp32 v2.0.5
+;; *** important: build flags from esp32_idf_V4 are inherited by _all_ esp32-based MCUs: esp32, esp32s2, esp32s3, esp32c3
 ;;
 ;; please note that you can NOT update existing ESP32 installs with a "V4" build. Also updating by OTA will not work properly.
 ;; You need to completely erase your device (esptool erase_flash) first, then install the "V4" build from VSCode+platformio.
 
 ;; select arduino-esp32 v2.0.9 (arduino-esp32 2.0.10 thru 2.0.14 are buggy so avoid them)
 platform = https://github.com/tasmota/platform-espressif32/releases/download/2023.06.02/platform-espressif32.zip ;; Tasmota Arduino Core 2.0.9 with IPv6 support, based on IDF 4.4.4
+platform_packages =
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = -g
   -Wshadow=compatible-local ;; emit warning in case a local variable "shadows" another local one
@@ -279,12 +300,13 @@ build_flags = -g
   -D WLED_ENABLE_DMX_INPUT
 lib_deps =
   ${esp32_all_variants.lib_deps}
-  https://github.com/someweisguy/esp_dmx.git#47db25d
+  https://github.com/someweisguy/esp_dmx.git#47db25d8c515e76fabcf5fc5ab0b786f98eeade0
   ${env.lib_deps}
 
 [esp32s2]
 ;; generic definitions for all ESP32-S2 boards
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = -g
   -DARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
@@ -303,6 +325,7 @@ board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}   ;; default partioning for
 [esp32c3]
 ;; generic definitions for all ESP32-C3 boards
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = -g
   -DARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
@@ -321,6 +344,7 @@ board_build.flash_mode = qio
 [esp32s3]
 ;; generic definitions for all ESP32-S3 boards
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = -g
   -DESP32
@@ -429,21 +453,31 @@ custom_usermods = audioreactive
 [env:esp32dev]
 board = esp32dev
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
-build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_V4\" #-D WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET
+build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32\" #-D WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET
               -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0 ;; this flag is mandatory for "classic ESP32" when building with arduino-esp32 >=2.0.3
 lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
 board_build.flash_mode = dio
 
+[env:esp32dev_debug]
+extends = env:esp32dev
+upload_speed = 921600
+build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags}
+              -D WLED_DEBUG
+              -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_DEBUG\"
+
 [env:esp32dev_8M]
 board = esp32dev
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_8M\" #-D WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET
+  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0 ;; this flag is mandatory for "classic ESP32" when building with arduino-esp32 >=2.0.3
 lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.large_partitions}
@@ -455,9 +489,11 @@ board_build.flash_mode = dio
 [env:esp32dev_16M]
 board = esp32dev
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_16M\" #-D WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET
+              -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0 ;; this flag is mandatory for "classic ESP32" when building with arduino-esp32 >=2.0.3
 lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.extreme_partitions}
@@ -469,10 +505,12 @@ board_build.flash_mode = dio
 [env:esp32_eth]
 board = esp32-poe
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 upload_speed = 921600
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_Ethernet\" -D RLYPIN=-1 -D WLED_USE_ETHERNET -D BTNPIN=-1
+  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0 ;; this flag is mandatory for "classic ESP32" when building with arduino-esp32 >=2.0.3
 ;  -D WLED_DISABLE_ESPNOW ;; ESP-NOW requires wifi, may crash with ethernet only
 lib_deps = ${esp32.lib_deps}
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
@@ -487,6 +525,7 @@ board_build.partitions = ${esp32.extended_partitions}
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_WROVER\"
+  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0 ;; this flag is mandatory for "classic ESP32" when building with arduino-esp32 >=2.0.3
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM -mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue ;; Older ESP32 (rev.<3) need a PSRAM fix (increases static RAM used) https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/external-ram.html
   -D DATA_PINS=25
 lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
@@ -494,6 +533,7 @@ lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
 [env:esp32c3dev]
 extends = esp32c3
 platform = ${esp32c3.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32c3.platform_packages}
 framework = arduino
 board = esp32-c3-devkitm-1
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
@@ -505,19 +545,26 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32c3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=
 upload_speed = 460800
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 lib_deps = ${esp32c3.lib_deps}
+board_build.flash_mode = dio ; safe default, required for OTA updates to 0.16 from older version which used dio (must match the bootloader!)
+
+[env:esp32c3dev_qio]
+extends = env:esp32c3dev
+build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32c3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-C3-QIO\"
+board_build.flash_mode = qio ; qio is faster and works on almost all boards (some boards may use dio to get 2 extra pins)
 
 [env:esp32s3dev_16MB_opi]
 ;; ESP32-S3 development board, with 16MB FLASH and >= 8MB PSRAM (memory_type: qio_opi)
 board = esp32-s3-devkitc-1 ;; generic dev board; the next line adds PSRAM support
 board_build.arduino.memory_type = qio_opi     ;; use with PSRAM: 8MB or 16MB
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32s3.platform_packages}
 upload_speed = 921600
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_16MB_opi\"
-  -D CONFIG_LITTLEFS_FOR_IDF_3_2 -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
+  -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
   ;-D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1 ;; for boards with serial-to-USB chip
-  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
 lib_deps = ${esp32s3.lib_deps}
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.extreme_partitions}
@@ -532,13 +579,14 @@ monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 board = esp32-s3-devkitc-1 ;; generic dev board; the next line adds PSRAM support
 board_build.arduino.memory_type = qio_opi     ;; use with PSRAM: 8MB or 16MB
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32s3.platform_packages}
 upload_speed = 921600
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_8MB_opi\"
-  -D CONFIG_LITTLEFS_FOR_IDF_3_2 -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
+  -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
   ;-D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1 ;; for boards with serial-to-USB chip
-  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
 lib_deps = ${esp32s3.lib_deps}
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.large_partitions}
@@ -550,19 +598,20 @@ monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 ;; For ESP32-S3 WROOM-2, a.k.a. ESP32-S3 DevKitC-1 v1.1
 ;; with >= 16MB FLASH and >= 8MB PSRAM (memory_type: opi_opi)
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32s3.platform_packages}
 board = esp32s3camlcd ;; this is the only standard board with "opi_opi"
 board_build.arduino.memory_type = opi_opi
 upload_speed = 921600
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_WROOM-2\"
-  -D CONFIG_LITTLEFS_FOR_IDF_3_2 -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
+  -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
   -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1 ;; for boards with serial-to-USB chip
-  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
   -D LEDPIN=38 -D DATA_PINS=38 ;; buildin WS2812b LED
   -D BTNPIN=0 -D RLYPIN=16 -D IRPIN=17 -D AUDIOPIN=-1
-  -D WLED_DEBUG
+  ;;-D WLED_DEBUG
   -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=13 -D I2S_CKPIN=14 -D I2S_WSPIN=15 -D MCLK_PIN=4  ;; I2S mic
 lib_deps = ${esp32s3.lib_deps}
 
@@ -571,15 +620,33 @@ board_upload.flash_size = 16MB
 board_upload.maximum_size = 16777216
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 
+[env:esp32S3_wroom2_32MB]
+;; For ESP32-S3 WROOM-2 with 32MB Flash, and >= 8MB PSRAM (memory_type: opi_opi)
+extends = env:esp32S3_wroom2
+build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_WROOM-2_32MB\"
+  -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
+  -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=0  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1 ;; for boards with serial-to-USB chip
+  ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -D ARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+  -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
+  -D LEDPIN=38 -D DATA_PINS=38 ;; buildin WS2812b LED
+  -D BTNPIN=0 -D RLYPIN=16 -D IRPIN=17 -D AUDIOPIN=-1
+  ;;-D WLED_DEBUG
+  -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=13 -D I2S_CKPIN=14 -D I2S_WSPIN=15 -D MCLK_PIN=4  ;; I2S mic
+board_build.partitions = tools/WLED_ESP32_32MB.csv
+board_upload.flash_size = 32MB
+board_upload.maximum_size = 33554432
+monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+
 [env:esp32s3_4M_qspi]
 ;; ESP32-S3, with 4MB FLASH and <= 4MB PSRAM (memory_type: qio_qspi)
 board = lolin_s3_mini ;; -S3 mini, 4MB flash 2MB PSRAM 
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32s3.platform_packages}
 upload_speed = 921600
 custom_usermods = audioreactive
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_4M_qspi\"
-  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
   -DLOLIN_WIFI_FIX ; seems to work much better with this
   -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
@@ -591,6 +658,7 @@ monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 
 [env:lolin_s2_mini]
 platform = ${esp32s2.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32s2.platform_packages}
 board = lolin_s2_mini
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
 board_build.flash_mode = qio
@@ -617,6 +685,7 @@ lib_deps = ${esp32s2.lib_deps}
 [env:usermods]
 board = esp32dev
 platform = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform}
+platform_packages = ${esp32_idf_V4.platform_packages}
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32_idf_V4.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_USERMODS\"
   -DTOUCH_CS=9

platformio_override.sample.ini

@@ -191,6 +191,22 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp8266.build_flags}
 ;   -D HW_PIN_MISOSPI=9
 
 
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Optional: build flags for speed, instead of optimising for size.
+# Example of usage: see [env:esp32S3_PSRAM_HUB75]
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+[Speed_Flags]
+build_unflags = -Os ;; to disable standard optimization for small size
+build_flags =
+  -O2 ;; optimize for speed
+  -free -fipa-pta ;; very useful, too
+  ;;-fsingle-precision-constant ;; makes all floating point literals "float" (default is "double")
+  ;;-funsafe-math-optimizations ;; less dangerous than -ffast-math; still allows the compiler to exploit FMA and reciprocals (up to 10% faster on -S3)
+  # Important: we need to explicitly switch off some "-O2" optimizations
+  -fno-jump-tables -fno-tree-switch-conversion                 ;; needed - firmware may crash otherwise
+  -freorder-blocks -Wwrite-strings -fstrict-volatile-bitfields ;; needed - recommended by espressif
+
 
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # PRE-CONFIGURED DEVELOPMENT BOARDS AND CONTROLLERS
@@ -541,12 +557,15 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags}
   -D WLED_ENABLE_HUB75MATRIX -D NO_GFX
   -D WLED_DEBUG_BUS
   ; -D WLED_DEBUG
+  -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=-1 -D I2S_CKPIN=-1 -D I2S_WSPIN=-1 -D MCLK_PIN=-1  ;; Disable to prevent pin clash
+
 lib_deps = ${esp32_idf_V4.lib_deps}
   https://github.com/mrfaptastic/ESP32-HUB75-MatrixPanel-DMA.git#3.0.11
 
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
 board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
 board_build.flash_mode = dio
+custom_usermods = audioreactive
 
 [env:esp32dev_hub75_forum_pinout]
 extends = env:esp32dev_hub75
@@ -555,19 +574,22 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags}
               -D WLED_ENABLE_HUB75MATRIX -D NO_GFX 
               -D ESP32_FORUM_PINOUT ;; enable for SmartMatrix default pins
               -D WLED_DEBUG_BUS
+              -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=-1 -D I2S_CKPIN=-1 -D I2S_WSPIN=-1 -D MCLK_PIN=-1  ;; Disable to prevent pin clash
 ; -D WLED_DEBUG
 
 
-
 [env:adafruit_matrixportal_esp32s3]
 ; ESP32-S3 processor, 8 MB flash, 2 MB of PSRAM, dedicated driver pins for HUB75
-board = adafruit_matrixportal_esp32s3
+board = adafruit_matrixportal_esp32s3_wled ; modified board definition: removed flash section that causes FS erase on upload
+;; adafruit recommends to use arduino-esp32 2.0.14
+;;platform = espressif32@ ~6.5.0
+;;platform_packages = platformio/framework-arduinoespressif32 @ 3.20014.231204 ;; arduino-esp32 2.0.14
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
 platform_packages =
 upload_speed = 921600
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
-build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_4M_qspi\"
-  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32-S3_8M_qspi\"
+  -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
   -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
   -DLOLIN_WIFI_FIX ; seems to work much better with this
   -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
@@ -575,25 +597,30 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=
   -D S3_LCD_DIV_NUM=20 ;; Attempt to fix wifi performance issue when panel active with S3 chips
   -D ARDUINO_ADAFRUIT_MATRIXPORTAL_ESP32S3
   -D WLED_DEBUG_BUS
+  -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=-1 -D I2S_CKPIN=-1 -D I2S_WSPIN=-1 -D MCLK_PIN=-1  ;; Disable to prevent pin clash
 
 
 lib_deps = ${esp32s3.lib_deps}
   https://github.com/mrfaptastic/ESP32-HUB75-MatrixPanel-DMA.git#aa28e2a ;; S3_LCD_DIV_NUM fix
 
-board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
+board_build.partitions = ${esp32.large_partitions}                  ;; standard bootloader and 8MB Flash partitions
+;; board_build.partitions = tools/partitions-8MB_spiffs-tinyuf2.csv ;; supports adafruit UF2 bootloader
 board_build.f_flash = 80000000L
 board_build.flash_mode = qio
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+custom_usermods = audioreactive
 
 [env:esp32S3_PSRAM_HUB75]
-;; MOONHUB HUB75 adapter board
+;; MOONHUB HUB75 adapter board (lilygo T7-S3 with 16MB flash and PSRAM)
 board = lilygo-t7-s3
 platform = ${esp32s3.platform}
 platform_packages =
 upload_speed = 921600
 build_unflags = ${common.build_unflags}
+              ${Speed_Flags.build_unflags}    ;; optional: removes "-Os" so we can override with "-O2" in build_flags
 build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"esp32S3_16MB_PSRAM_HUB75\"
-              -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
+              ${Speed_Flags.build_flags}      ;; optional: -O2 -> optimize for speed instead of size
+              -DARDUINO_USB_CDC_ON_BOOT=1 ;; -DARDUINO_USB_MODE=1      ;; for boards with USB-OTG connector only (USBCDC or "TinyUSB")
               -DBOARD_HAS_PSRAM
               -DLOLIN_WIFI_FIX ; seems to work much better with this
               -D WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT=0
@@ -601,11 +628,15 @@ build_flags = ${common.build_flags} ${esp32s3.build_flags} -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=
               -D S3_LCD_DIV_NUM=20 ;; Attempt to fix wifi performance issue when panel active with S3 chips
               -D MOONHUB_S3_PINOUT ;; HUB75 pinout
               -D WLED_DEBUG_BUS
+              -D LEDPIN=14 -D BTNPIN=0 -D RLYPIN=15 -D IRPIN=-1 -D AUDIOPIN=-1 ;; defaults that avoid pin conflicts with HUB75
+              -D SR_DMTYPE=1 -D I2S_SDPIN=10 -D I2S_CKPIN=11 -D I2S_WSPIN=12 -D MCLK_PIN=-1  ;; I2S mic
 
 lib_deps = ${esp32s3.lib_deps}
            https://github.com/mrfaptastic/ESP32-HUB75-MatrixPanel-DMA.git#aa28e2a ;; S3_LCD_DIV_NUM fix
 
-board_build.partitions = ${esp32.default_partitions}
+;;board_build.partitions = ${esp32.large_partitions}               ;; for 8MB flash
+board_build.partitions = ${esp32.extreme_partitions}               ;; for 16MB flash
 board_build.f_flash = 80000000L
 board_build.flash_mode = qio
 monitor_filters = esp32_exception_decoder
+custom_usermods = audioreactive

tools/WLED_ESP32_32MB.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
+nvs,      data, nvs,     0x9000,  0x5000,
+otadata,  data, ota,     0xe000,  0x2000,
+app0,     app,  ota_0,   0x10000, 0x300000,
+app1,     app,  ota_1,   0x310000,0x300000,
+spiffs,   data, spiffs,  0x610000,0x19E0000,
+coredump, data, coredump,,64K

tools/cdata.js

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ const packageJson = require("../package.json");
 // Export functions for testing
 module.exports = { isFileNewerThan, isAnyFileInFolderNewerThan };
 
-const output = ["wled00/html_ui.h", "wled00/html_pixart.h", "wled00/html_cpal.h", "wled00/html_pxmagic.h", "wled00/html_settings.h", "wled00/html_other.h"]
+const output = ["wled00/html_ui.h", "wled00/html_pixart.h", "wled00/html_cpal.h", "wled00/html_edit.h", "wled00/html_pxmagic.h", "wled00/html_settings.h", "wled00/html_other.h"]
 
 // \x1b[34m is blue, \x1b[36m is cyan, \x1b[0m is reset
 const wledBanner = `
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ const wledBanner = `
 \t\t\x1b[36m build script for web UI
 \x1b[0m`;
 
+// Generate build timestamp as UNIX timestamp (seconds since epoch)
+function generateBuildTime() {
+  return Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
+}
+
 const singleHeader = `/*
  * Binary array for the Web UI.
  * gzip is used for smaller size and improved speeds.
@@ -45,6 +50,9 @@ const singleHeader = `/*
  * Please see https://kno.wled.ge/advanced/custom-features/#changing-web-ui
  * to find out how to easily modify the web UI source!
  */
+
+// Automatically generated build time for cache busting (UNIX timestamp)
+#define WEB_BUILD_TIME ${generateBuildTime()}
  
 `;
 
@@ -246,6 +254,21 @@ writeHtmlGzipped("wled00/data/index.htm", "wled00/html_ui.h", 'index');
 writeHtmlGzipped("wled00/data/pixart/pixart.htm", "wled00/html_pixart.h", 'pixart');
 //writeHtmlGzipped("wled00/data/cpal/cpal.htm", "wled00/html_cpal.h", 'cpal');
 writeHtmlGzipped("wled00/data/pxmagic/pxmagic.htm", "wled00/html_pxmagic.h", 'pxmagic');
+//writeHtmlGzipped("wled00/data/edit.htm", "wled00/html_edit.h", 'edit');
+
+
+writeChunks(
+  "wled00/data",
+  [
+    {
+      file: "edit.htm",
+      name: "PAGE_edit",
+      method: "gzip",
+      filter: "html-minify"
+    }
+  ],
+  "wled00/html_edit.h"
+);
 
 writeChunks(
   "wled00/data/cpal",
@@ -388,12 +411,6 @@ const char PAGE_dmxmap[] PROGMEM = R"=====()=====";
       name: "PAGE_update",
       method: "gzip",
       filter: "html-minify",
-      mangle: (str) =>
-        str
-          .replace(
-            /function GetV().*\<\/script\>/gms,
-            "</script><script src=\"/settings/s.js?p=9\"></script>"
-          )
     },
     {
       file: "welcome.htm",

tools/partitions-16MB_spiffs-tinyuf2.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# ESP-IDF Partition Table
+# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
+# bootloader.bin,,          0x1000, 32K
+# partition table,,         0x8000, 4K
+nvs,      data, nvs,      0x9000,  20K,
+otadata,  data, ota,      0xe000,  8K,
+ota_0,    app,  ota_0,   0x10000,  2048K,
+ota_1,    app,  ota_1,  0x210000,  2048K,
+uf2,      app,  factory,0x410000,  256K,
+spiffs,     data, spiffs,    0x450000,  11968K,

tools/partitions-4MB_spiffs-tinyuf2.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# ESP-IDF Partition Table
+# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
+# bootloader.bin,,          0x1000, 32K
+# partition table,          0x8000, 4K
+
+nvs,      data, nvs,      0x9000,  20K,
+otadata,  data, ota,      0xe000,  8K,
+ota_0,    0,    ota_0,   0x10000,  1408K,
+ota_1,    0,    ota_1,  0x170000,  1408K,
+uf2,      app,  factory,0x2d0000,  256K,
+spiffs,   data, spiffs, 0x310000,  960K,

tools/partitions-8MB_spiffs-tinyuf2.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# ESP-IDF Partition Table
+# Name,   Type, SubType, Offset,  Size, Flags
+# bootloader.bin,,          0x1000, 32K
+# partition table,,         0x8000, 4K
+nvs,      data, nvs,      0x9000,  20K,
+otadata,  data, ota,      0xe000,  8K,
+ota_0,    app,    ota_0,   0x10000,  2048K,
+ota_1,    app,    ota_1,  0x210000,  2048K,
+uf2,      app,  factory,0x410000,  256K,
+spiffs,   data, spiffs,   0x450000,  3776K,

usermods/EXAMPLE/usermod_v2_example.cpp

@@ -313,11 +313,11 @@ class MyExampleUsermod : public Usermod {
       yield();
       // ignore certain button types as they may have other consequences
       if (!enabled
-       || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE
-       || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
-       || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
-       || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
-       || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
+       || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE
+       || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
+       || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
+       || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
+       || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
         return false;
       }
 

usermods/audioreactive/audio_reactive.cpp

@@ -1227,7 +1227,6 @@ class AudioReactive : public Usermod {
         #if  !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
         // ADC over I2S is only possible on "classic" ESP32
         case 0:
-        default:
           DEBUGSR_PRINTLN(F("AR: Analog Microphone (left channel only)."));
           audioSource = new I2SAdcSource(SAMPLE_RATE, BLOCK_SIZE);
           delay(100);
@@ -1235,10 +1234,25 @@ class AudioReactive : public Usermod {
           if (audioSource) audioSource->initialize(audioPin);
           break;
         #endif
+
+        case 254: // dummy "network receive only" mode
+          if (audioSource) delete audioSource; audioSource = nullptr;
+          disableSoundProcessing = true;
+          audioSyncEnabled = 2; // force udp sound receive mode
+          enabled = true;
+          break;
+
+        case 255: // 255 = -1 = no audio source
+          // falls through to default
+        default:
+          if (audioSource) delete audioSource; audioSource = nullptr;
+          disableSoundProcessing = true;
+          enabled = false;
+        break;
       }
       delay(250); // give microphone enough time to initialise
 
-      if (!audioSource) enabled = false;                 // audio failed to initialise
+      if (!audioSource && (dmType != 254)) enabled = false;// audio failed to initialise
 #endif
       if (enabled) onUpdateBegin(false);                 // create FFT task, and initialize network
 
@@ -1321,7 +1335,7 @@ class AudioReactive : public Usermod {
         disableSoundProcessing = true;
       } else {
         #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_DEBUG)
-        if ((disableSoundProcessing == true) && (audioSyncEnabled == 0) && audioSource->isInitialized()) {    // we just switched to "enabled"
+        if ((disableSoundProcessing == true) && (audioSyncEnabled == 0) && audioSource && audioSource->isInitialized()) {    // we just switched to "enabled"
           DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("[AR userLoop]  realtime mode ended - audio processing resumed."));
           DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("               RealtimeMode = %d; RealtimeOverride = %d\n"), int(realtimeMode), int(realtimeOverride));
         }
@@ -1333,7 +1347,7 @@ class AudioReactive : public Usermod {
       if (audioSyncEnabled & 0x02) disableSoundProcessing = true;   // make sure everything is disabled IF in audio Receive mode
       if (audioSyncEnabled & 0x01) disableSoundProcessing = false;  // keep running audio IF we're in audio Transmit mode
 #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
-      if (!audioSource->isInitialized()) disableSoundProcessing = true;  // no audio source
+      if (!audioSource || !audioSource->isInitialized()) disableSoundProcessing = true;  // no audio source
 
 
       // Only run the sampling code IF we're not in Receive mode or realtime mode
@@ -1530,7 +1544,7 @@ class AudioReactive : public Usermod {
       // better would be for AudioSource to implement getType()
       if (enabled
           && dmType == 0 && audioPin>=0
-          && (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)
+          && (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)
          ) {
         return true;
       }

usermods/multi_relay/multi_relay.cpp

@@ -562,11 +562,11 @@ void MultiRelay::loop() {
 bool MultiRelay::handleButton(uint8_t b) {
   yield();
   if (!enabled
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
     return false;
   }
 
@@ -581,20 +581,20 @@ bool MultiRelay::handleButton(uint8_t b) {
   unsigned long now = millis();
 
   //button is not momentary, but switch. This is only suitable on pins whose on-boot state does not matter (NOT gpio0)
-  if (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH) {
+  if (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH) {
     //handleSwitch(b);
-    if (buttonPressedBefore[b] != isButtonPressed(b)) {
-      buttonPressedTime[b] = now;
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = !buttonPressedBefore[b];
+    if (buttons[b].pressedBefore != isButtonPressed(b)) {
+      buttons[b].pressedTime = now;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = !buttons[b].pressedBefore;
     }
 
-    if (buttonLongPressed[b] == buttonPressedBefore[b]) return handled;
+    if (buttons[b].longPressed == buttons[b].pressedBefore) return handled;
       
-    if (now - buttonPressedTime[b] > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) { //fire edge event only after 50ms without change (debounce)
+    if (now - buttons[b].pressedTime > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) { //fire edge event only after 50ms without change (debounce)
       for (int i=0; i<MULTI_RELAY_MAX_RELAYS; i++) {
         if (_relay[i].button == b) {
-          switchRelay(i, buttonPressedBefore[b]);
-          buttonLongPressed[b] = buttonPressedBefore[b]; //save the last "long term" switch state
+          switchRelay(i, buttons[b].pressedBefore);
+          buttons[b].longPressed = buttons[b].pressedBefore; //save the last "long term" switch state
         }
       }
     }
@@ -604,40 +604,40 @@ bool MultiRelay::handleButton(uint8_t b) {
   //momentary button logic
   if (isButtonPressed(b)) { //pressed
 
-    if (!buttonPressedBefore[b]) buttonPressedTime[b] = now;
-    buttonPressedBefore[b] = true;
+    if (!buttons[b].pressedBefore) buttons[b].pressedTime = now;
+    buttons[b].pressedBefore = true;
 
-    if (now - buttonPressedTime[b] > 600) { //long press
+    if (now - buttons[b].pressedTime > 600) { //long press
       //longPressAction(b); //not exposed
       //handled = false; //use if you want to pass to default behaviour
-      buttonLongPressed[b] = true;
+      buttons[b].longPressed = true;
     }
 
-  } else if (!isButtonPressed(b) && buttonPressedBefore[b]) { //released
+  } else if (!isButtonPressed(b) && buttons[b].pressedBefore) { //released
 
-    long dur = now - buttonPressedTime[b];
+    long dur = now - buttons[b].pressedTime;
     if (dur < WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) {
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = false;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = false;
       return handled;
     } //too short "press", debounce
-    bool doublePress = buttonWaitTime[b]; //did we have short press before?
-    buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+    bool doublePress = buttons[b].waitTime; //did we have short press before?
+    buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
 
-    if (!buttonLongPressed[b]) { //short press
+    if (!buttons[b].longPressed) { //short press
       // if this is second release within 350ms it is a double press (buttonWaitTime!=0)
       if (doublePress) {
         //doublePressAction(b); //not exposed
         //handled = false; //use if you want to pass to default behaviour
       } else  {
-        buttonWaitTime[b] = now;
+        buttons[b].waitTime = now;
       }
     }
-    buttonPressedBefore[b] = false;
-    buttonLongPressed[b] = false;
+    buttons[b].pressedBefore = false;
+    buttons[b].longPressed = false;
   }
   // if 350ms elapsed since last press/release it is a short press
-  if (buttonWaitTime[b] && now - buttonWaitTime[b] > 350 && !buttonPressedBefore[b]) {
-    buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+  if (buttons[b].waitTime && now - buttons[b].waitTime > 350 && !buttons[b].pressedBefore) {
+    buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
     //shortPressAction(b); //not exposed
     for (int i=0; i<MULTI_RELAY_MAX_RELAYS; i++) {
       if (_relay[i].button == b) {

usermods/pixels_dice_tray/pixels_dice_tray.cpp

@@ -461,11 +461,11 @@ class PixelsDiceTrayUsermod : public Usermod {
 #if USING_TFT_DISPLAY
   bool handleButton(uint8_t b) override {
     if (!enabled || b > 1  // buttons 0,1 only
-        || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE ||
-        buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED ||
-        buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR ||
-        buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG ||
-        buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
+        || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE ||
+        buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED ||
+        buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR ||
+        buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG ||
+        buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
       return false;
     }
 
@@ -476,43 +476,43 @@ class PixelsDiceTrayUsermod : public Usermod {
     static unsigned long buttonWaitTime[2] = {0};
 
     //momentary button logic
-    if (!buttonLongPressed[b] && isButtonPressed(b)) {  //pressed
-      if (!buttonPressedBefore[b]) {
-        buttonPressedTime[b] = now;
+    if (!buttons[b].longPressed && isButtonPressed(b)) {  //pressed
+      if (!buttons[b].pressedBefore) {
+        buttons[b].pressedTime = now;
       }
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = true;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = true;
 
-      if (now - buttonPressedTime[b] > WLED_LONG_PRESS) {  //long press
+      if (now - buttons[b].pressedTime > WLED_LONG_PRESS) {  //long press
         menu_ctrl.HandleButton(ButtonType::LONG, b);
-        buttonLongPressed[b] = true;
+        buttons[b].longPressed = true;
         return true;
       }
-    } else if (!isButtonPressed(b) && buttonPressedBefore[b]) {  //released
+    } else if (!isButtonPressed(b) && buttons[b].pressedBefore) {  //released
 
-      long dur = now - buttonPressedTime[b];
+      long dur = now - buttons[b].pressedTime;
       if (dur < WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) {
-        buttonPressedBefore[b] = false;
+        buttons[b].pressedBefore = false;
         return true;
       }  //too short "press", debounce
 
-      bool doublePress = buttonWaitTime[b];  //did we have short press before?
-      buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+      bool doublePress = buttons[b].waitTime;  //did we have short press before?
+      buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
 
-      if (!buttonLongPressed[b]) {  //short press
+      if (!buttons[b].longPressed) {  //short press
         // if this is second release within 350ms it is a double press (buttonWaitTime!=0)
         if (doublePress) {
           menu_ctrl.HandleButton(ButtonType::DOUBLE, b);
         } else {
-          buttonWaitTime[b] = now;
+          buttons[b].waitTime = now;
         }
       }
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = false;
-      buttonLongPressed[b] = false;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = false;
+      buttons[b].longPressed = false;
     }
     // if 350ms elapsed since last press/release it is a short press
-    if (buttonWaitTime[b] && now - buttonWaitTime[b] > WLED_DOUBLE_PRESS &&
-        !buttonPressedBefore[b]) {
-      buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+    if (buttons[b].waitTime && now - buttons[b].waitTime > WLED_DOUBLE_PRESS &&
+        !buttons[b].pressedBefore) {
+      buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
       menu_ctrl.HandleButton(ButtonType::SINGLE, b);
     }
 

usermods/usermod_v2_four_line_display_ALT/usermod_v2_four_line_display_ALT.cpp

@@ -749,12 +749,12 @@ bool FourLineDisplayUsermod::handleButton(uint8_t b) {
   yield();
   if (!enabled
     || b // button 0 only
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
-    || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_RESERVED
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG
+    || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) {
     return false;
   }
 

wled00/FX.cpp

@@ -15,14 +15,25 @@
 #include "fcn_declare.h"
 
 #if !(defined(WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM2D) && defined(WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM1D))
-  #include "FXparticleSystem.h"
+  #include "FXparticleSystem.h" // include particle system code only if at least one system is enabled
+  #ifdef WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM2D
+    #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
+  #endif
+  #ifdef WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM1D
+    #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
+  #endif
   #ifdef ESP8266
     #if !defined(WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM2D) && !defined(WLED_DISABLE_PARTICLESYSTEM1D)
-    #error ESP8266 does not support 1D and 2D particle systems simultaneously. Please disable one of them.
+      #error ESP8266 does not support 1D and 2D particle systems simultaneously. Please disable one of them.
     #endif
   #endif
 #else
-  #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+  #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
+  #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
+#endif
+#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+  #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
+  #define WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
 #endif
 
  //////////////
@@ -713,7 +724,7 @@ uint16_t dissolve(uint32_t color) {
         if (SEGENV.aux0) { //dissolve to primary/palette
           if (pixels[i] == SEGCOLOR(1)) {
             pixels[i] = color == SEGCOLOR(0) ? SEGMENT.color_from_palette(i, true, PALETTE_SOLID_WRAP, 0) : color;
-            break; //only spawn 1 new pixel per frame per 50 LEDs
+            break; //only spawn 1 new pixel per frame
           }
         } else { //dissolve to secondary
           if (pixels[i] != SEGCOLOR(1)) {
@@ -724,14 +735,27 @@ uint16_t dissolve(uint32_t color) {
       }
     }
   }
-  // fix for #4401
-  for (unsigned i = 0; i < SEGLEN; i++) SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, pixels[i]);
+  unsigned incompletePixels = 0;
+  for (unsigned i = 0; i < SEGLEN; i++) {
+    SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, pixels[i]); // fix for #4401
+    if (SEGMENT.check2) {
+      if (SEGENV.aux0) {
+        if (pixels[i] == SEGCOLOR(1)) incompletePixels++;
+      } else {
+        if (pixels[i] != SEGCOLOR(1)) incompletePixels++;
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
   if (SEGENV.step > (255 - SEGMENT.speed) + 15U) {
     SEGENV.aux0 = !SEGENV.aux0;
     SEGENV.step = 0;
   } else {
-    SEGENV.step++;
+    if (SEGMENT.check2) {
+      if (incompletePixels == 0)
+        SEGENV.step++; // only advance step once all pixels have changed
+    } else
+      SEGENV.step++;
   }
 
   return FRAMETIME;
@@ -744,7 +768,7 @@ uint16_t dissolve(uint32_t color) {
 uint16_t mode_dissolve(void) {
   return dissolve(SEGMENT.check1 ? SEGMENT.color_wheel(hw_random8()) : SEGCOLOR(0));
 }
-static const char _data_FX_MODE_DISSOLVE[] PROGMEM = "Dissolve@Repeat speed,Dissolve speed,,,,Random;!,!;!";
+static const char _data_FX_MODE_DISSOLVE[] PROGMEM = "Dissolve@Repeat speed,Dissolve speed,,,,Random,Complete;!,!;!";
 
 
 /*
@@ -755,7 +779,6 @@ uint16_t mode_dissolve_random(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_DISSOLVE_RANDOM[] PROGMEM = "Dissolve Rnd@Repeat speed,Dissolve speed;,!;!";
 
-
 /*
  * Blinks one LED at a time.
  * Inspired by www.tweaking4all.com/hardware/arduino/adruino-led-strip-effects/
@@ -777,7 +800,6 @@ uint16_t mode_sparkle(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_SPARKLE[] PROGMEM = "Sparkle@!,,,,,,Overlay;!,!;!;;m12=0";
 
-
 /*
  * Lights all LEDs in the color. Flashes single col 1 pixels randomly. (List name: Sparkle Dark)
  * Inspired by www.tweaking4all.com/hardware/arduino/adruino-led-strip-effects/
@@ -1752,7 +1774,6 @@ uint16_t mode_tricolor_fade(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_TRICOLOR_FADE[] PROGMEM = "Tri Fade@!;1,2,3;!";
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
 /*
  * Creates random comets
  * Custom mode by Keith Lord: https://github.com/kitesurfer1404/WS2812FX/blob/master/src/custom/MultiComet.h
@@ -1791,7 +1812,6 @@ uint16_t mode_multi_comet(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_MULTI_COMET[] PROGMEM = "Multi Comet@!,Fade;!,!;!;1";
 #undef MAX_COMETS
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
 
 /*
  * Running random pixels ("Stream 2")
@@ -2118,7 +2138,7 @@ uint16_t mode_palette() {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_PALETTE[] PROGMEM = "Palette@Shift,Size,Rotation,,,Animate Shift,Animate Rotation,Anamorphic;;!;12;ix=112,c1=0,o1=1,o2=0,o3=1";
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#if defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX) || defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX)
 // WLED limitation: Analog Clock overlay will NOT work when Fire2012 is active
 // Fire2012 by Mark Kriegsman, July 2012
 // as part of "Five Elements" shown here: http://youtu.be/knWiGsmgycY
@@ -2205,7 +2225,7 @@ uint16_t mode_fire_2012() {
   return FRAMETIME;
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_FIRE_2012[] PROGMEM = "Fire 2012@Cooling,Spark rate,,2D Blur,Boost;;!;1;pal=35,sx=64,ix=160,m12=1,c2=128"; // bars
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_x_FX
 
 // colored stripes pulsing at a defined Beats-Per-Minute (BPM)
 uint16_t mode_bpm() {
@@ -3056,7 +3076,7 @@ uint16_t mode_bouncing_balls(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_BOUNCINGBALLS[] PROGMEM = "Bouncing Balls@Gravity,# of balls,,,,,Overlay;!,!,!;!;1;m12=1"; //bar
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
 /*
  *  bouncing balls on a track track Effect modified from Aircoookie's bouncing balls
  *  Courtesy of pjhatch (https://github.com/pjhatch)
@@ -3156,7 +3176,7 @@ static uint16_t rolling_balls(void) {
   return FRAMETIME;
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_ROLLINGBALLS[] PROGMEM = "Rolling Balls@!,# of balls,,,,Collide,Overlay,Trails;!,!,!;!;1;m12=1"; //bar
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
 
 /*
 * Sinelon stolen from FASTLED examples
@@ -3213,7 +3233,6 @@ uint16_t mode_sinelon_rainbow(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_SINELON_RAINBOW[] PROGMEM = "Sinelon Rainbow@!,Trail;,,!;!";
 
-
 // utility function that will add random glitter to SEGMENT
 void glitter_base(uint8_t intensity, uint32_t col = ULTRAWHITE) {
   if (intensity > hw_random8()) SEGMENT.setPixelColor(hw_random16(SEGLEN), col);
@@ -3418,7 +3437,7 @@ uint16_t mode_candle_multi()
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_CANDLE_MULTI[] PROGMEM = "Candle Multi@!,!;!,!;!;;sx=96,ix=224,pal=0";
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
 /*
 / Fireworks in starburst effect
 / based on the video: https://www.reddit.com/r/arduino/comments/c3sd46/i_made_this_fireworks_effect_for_my_led_strips/
@@ -3550,9 +3569,9 @@ uint16_t mode_starburst(void) {
 }
 #undef STARBURST_MAX_FRAG
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_STARBURST[] PROGMEM = "Fireworks Starburst@Chance,Fragments,,,,,Overlay;,!;!;;pal=11,m12=0";
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1DFX
 
- #ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#if defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX) || defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX)
 /*
  * Exploding fireworks effect
  * adapted from: http://www.anirama.com/1000leds/1d-fireworks/
@@ -3690,7 +3709,7 @@ uint16_t mode_exploding_fireworks(void)
 }
 #undef MAX_SPARKS
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_EXPLODING_FIREWORKS[] PROGMEM = "Fireworks 1D@Gravity,Firing side;!,!;!;12;pal=11,ix=128";
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_x_FX
 
 /*
  * Drip Effect
@@ -4338,7 +4357,7 @@ static const char _data_FX_MODE_CHUNCHUN[] PROGMEM = "Chunchun@!,Gap size;!,!;!"
   #define SPOT_MAX_COUNT 49          //Number of simultaneous waves
 #endif
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
 //13 bytes
 typedef struct Spotlight {
   float speed;
@@ -4472,7 +4491,7 @@ uint16_t mode_dancing_shadows(void)
   return FRAMETIME;
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_DANCING_SHADOWS[] PROGMEM = "Dancing Shadows@!,# of shadows;!;!";
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
 
 /*
   Imitates a washing machine, rotating same waves forward, then pause, then backward.
@@ -4509,7 +4528,7 @@ uint16_t mode_image(void) {
   //   Serial.println(status);
   // }
 }
-static const char _data_FX_MODE_IMAGE[] PROGMEM = "Image@!,;;;12;sx=128";
+static const char _data_FX_MODE_IMAGE[] PROGMEM = "Image@!,Blur,;;;12;sx=128,ix=0";
 
 /*
   Blends random colors across palette
@@ -4669,7 +4688,8 @@ static const char _data_FX_MODE_TV_SIMULATOR[] PROGMEM = "TV Simulator@!,!;;!;01
 
 
 /*
-  Aurora effect
+  Aurora effect by @Mazen
+  improved and converted to integer math by @dedehai
 */
 
 //CONFIG
@@ -4681,140 +4701,138 @@ static const char _data_FX_MODE_TV_SIMULATOR[] PROGMEM = "TV Simulator@!,!;;!;01
 #define W_MAX_SPEED 6             //Higher number, higher speed
 #define W_WIDTH_FACTOR 6          //Higher number, smaller waves
 
-//24 bytes
+// fixed-point math scaling
+#define AW_SHIFT 16
+#define AW_SCALE (1 << AW_SHIFT)  // 65536 representing 1.0
+
+// 32 bytes
 class AuroraWave {
   private:
+    int32_t center;               // scaled by AW_SCALE
+    uint32_t ageFactor_cached;    // cached age factor scaled by AW_SCALE
     uint16_t ttl;
-    CRGB basecolor;
-    float basealpha;
     uint16_t age;
     uint16_t width;
-    float center;
+    uint16_t basealpha;           // scaled by AW_SCALE
+    uint16_t speed_factor;        // scaled by AW_SCALE
+    int16_t  wave_start;          // wave start LED index
+    int16_t  wave_end;            // wave end LED index
     bool goingleft;
-    float speed_factor;
     bool alive = true;
+    CRGBW basecolor;
 
   public:
-    void init(uint32_t segment_length, CRGB color) {
+    void init(uint32_t segment_length, CRGBW color) {
       ttl = hw_random16(500, 1501);
       basecolor = color;
-      basealpha = hw_random8(60, 101) / (float)100;
+      basealpha = hw_random8(60, 100) * AW_SCALE / 100; // 0-99% note: if using 100% there is risk of integer overflow
       age = 0;
-      width = hw_random16(segment_length / 20, segment_length / W_WIDTH_FACTOR); //half of width to make math easier
-      if (!width) width = 1;
-      center = hw_random8(101) / (float)100 * segment_length;
-      goingleft = hw_random8(0, 2) == 0;
-      speed_factor = (hw_random8(10, 31) / (float)100 * W_MAX_SPEED / 255);
+      width = hw_random16(segment_length / 20, segment_length / W_WIDTH_FACTOR) + 1;
+      center = (((uint32_t)hw_random8(101) << AW_SHIFT) / 100) * segment_length; // 0-100%
+      goingleft = hw_random8() & 0x01; // 50/50 chance
+      speed_factor = (((uint32_t)hw_random8(10, 31) * W_MAX_SPEED) << AW_SHIFT) / (100 * 255);
       alive = true;
     }
 
-    CRGB getColorForLED(int ledIndex) {
-      if(ledIndex < center - width || ledIndex > center + width) return 0; //Position out of range of this wave
-
-      CRGB rgb;
-
-      //Offset of this led from center of wave
-      //The further away from the center, the dimmer the LED
-      float offset = ledIndex - center;
-      if (offset < 0) offset = -offset;
-      float offsetFactor = offset / width;
-
-      //The age of the wave determines it brightness.
-      //At half its maximum age it will be the brightest.
-      float ageFactor = 0.1;
-      if((float)age / ttl < 0.5) {
-        ageFactor = (float)age / (ttl / 2);
+    void updateCachedValues() {
+      uint32_t half_ttl = ttl >> 1;
+      if (age < half_ttl) {
+        ageFactor_cached = ((uint32_t)age << AW_SHIFT) / half_ttl;
       } else {
-        ageFactor = (float)(ttl - age) / ((float)ttl * 0.5);
+        ageFactor_cached = ((uint32_t)(ttl - age) << AW_SHIFT) / half_ttl;
       }
+      if (ageFactor_cached >= AW_SCALE) ageFactor_cached = AW_SCALE - 1; // prevent overflow
 
-      //Calculate color based on above factors and basealpha value
-      float factor = (1 - offsetFactor) * ageFactor * basealpha;
-      rgb.r = basecolor.r * factor;
-      rgb.g = basecolor.g * factor;
-      rgb.b = basecolor.b * factor;
+      uint32_t center_led = center >> AW_SHIFT;
+      wave_start = (int16_t)center_led - (int16_t)width;
+      wave_end = (int16_t)center_led + (int16_t)width;
+    }
+
+    CRGBW getColorForLED(int ledIndex) {
+      // linear brightness falloff from center to edge of wave
+      if (ledIndex < wave_start || ledIndex > wave_end) return 0;
+      int32_t ledIndex_scaled = (int32_t)ledIndex << AW_SHIFT;
+      int32_t offset = ledIndex_scaled - center;
+      if (offset < 0) offset = -offset;
+      uint32_t offsetFactor = offset / width;  // scaled by AW_SCALE
+      if (offsetFactor > AW_SCALE) return 0;   // outside of wave
+      uint32_t brightness_factor = (AW_SCALE - offsetFactor);
+      brightness_factor = (brightness_factor * ageFactor_cached) >> AW_SHIFT;
+      brightness_factor = (brightness_factor * basealpha) >> AW_SHIFT;
+
+      CRGBW rgb;
+      rgb.r = (basecolor.r * brightness_factor) >> AW_SHIFT;
+      rgb.g = (basecolor.g * brightness_factor) >> AW_SHIFT;
+      rgb.b = (basecolor.b * brightness_factor) >> AW_SHIFT;
+      rgb.w = (basecolor.w * brightness_factor) >> AW_SHIFT;
 
       return rgb;
     };
 
     //Change position and age of wave
-    //Determine if its sill "alive"
+    //Determine if its still "alive"
     void update(uint32_t segment_length, uint32_t speed) {
-      if(goingleft) {
-        center -= speed_factor * speed;
-      } else {
-        center += speed_factor * speed;
-      }
-
+      int32_t step = speed_factor * speed;
+      center += goingleft ? -step : step;
       age++;
 
-      if(age > ttl) {
+      if (age > ttl) {
         alive = false;
       } else {
-        if(goingleft) {
-          if(center + width < 0) {
-            alive = false;
-          }
-        } else {
-          if(center - width > segment_length) {
-            alive = false;
-          }
-        }
+        uint32_t width_scaled = (uint32_t)width << AW_SHIFT;
+        uint32_t segment_length_scaled = segment_length << AW_SHIFT;
+
+         if (goingleft) {
+           if (center < - (int32_t)width_scaled) {
+             alive = false;
+           }
+         } else {
+           if (center > (int32_t)segment_length_scaled + (int32_t)width_scaled) {
+             alive = false;
+           }
+         }
       }
     };
 
-    bool stillAlive() {
-      return alive;
-    };
+    bool stillAlive() { return alive; }
 };
 
 uint16_t mode_aurora(void) {
   AuroraWave* waves;
   SEGENV.aux1 = map(SEGMENT.intensity, 0, 255, 2, W_MAX_COUNT); // aux1 = Wavecount
-  if(!SEGENV.allocateData(sizeof(AuroraWave) * SEGENV.aux1)) {  // 20 on ESP32, 9 on ESP8266
-    return mode_static(); //allocation failed
+  if (!SEGENV.allocateData(sizeof(AuroraWave) * SEGENV.aux1)) {
+    return mode_static();
   }
   waves = reinterpret_cast<AuroraWave*>(SEGENV.data);
 
-  if(SEGENV.call == 0) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < SEGENV.aux1; i++) {
-      waves[i].init(SEGLEN, CRGB(SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, false, hw_random8(0, 3))));
-    }
-  }
-
+  // note: on first call, SEGENV.data is zero -> all waves are dead and will be initialized
   for (int i = 0; i < SEGENV.aux1; i++) {
-    //Update values of wave
     waves[i].update(SEGLEN, SEGMENT.speed);
-
-    if(!(waves[i].stillAlive())) {
-      //If a wave dies, reinitialize it starts over.
-      waves[i].init(SEGLEN, CRGB(SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, false, hw_random8(0, 3))));
+    if (!(waves[i].stillAlive())) {
+      waves[i].init(SEGLEN, SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, false, hw_random8(0, 3)));
     }
+    waves[i].updateCachedValues();
   }
 
-  uint8_t backlight = 1; //dimmer backlight if less active colors
+  uint8_t backlight = 0; // note: original code used 1, with inverse gamma applied background would never be black
   if (SEGCOLOR(0)) backlight++;
   if (SEGCOLOR(1)) backlight++;
   if (SEGCOLOR(2)) backlight++;
-  //Loop through LEDs to determine color
+  backlight = gamma8inv(backlight); // preserve backlight when using gamma correction
+
   for (unsigned i = 0; i < SEGLEN; i++) {
-    CRGB mixedRgb = CRGB(backlight, backlight, backlight);
+    CRGBW mixedRgb = CRGBW(backlight, backlight, backlight);
 
-    //For each LED we must check each wave if it is "active" at this position.
-    //If there are multiple waves active on a LED we multiply their values.
-    for (int  j = 0; j < SEGENV.aux1; j++) {
-      CRGB rgb = waves[j].getColorForLED(i);
-
-      if(rgb != CRGB(0)) {
-        mixedRgb += rgb;
-      }
+    for (int j = 0; j < SEGENV.aux1; j++) {
+      CRGBW rgb = waves[j].getColorForLED(i);
+      mixedRgb = color_add(mixedRgb, rgb); // sum all waves influencing this pixel
     }
 
-    SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, mixedRgb[0], mixedRgb[1], mixedRgb[2]);
+    SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, mixedRgb);
   }
-
   return FRAMETIME;
 }
+
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_AURORA[] PROGMEM = "Aurora@!,!;1,2,3;!;;sx=24,pal=50";
 
 // WLED-SR effects
@@ -5196,112 +5214,162 @@ static const char _data_FX_MODE_2DFRIZZLES[] PROGMEM = "Frizzles@X frequency,Y f
 ///////////////////////////////////////////
 //   2D Cellular Automata Game of life   //
 ///////////////////////////////////////////
-typedef struct ColorCount {
-  CRGB color;
-  int8_t count;
-} colorCount;
+typedef struct Cell {
+    uint8_t alive : 1, faded : 1, toggleStatus : 1, edgeCell: 1, oscillatorCheck : 1, spaceshipCheck : 1, unused : 2;
+} Cell;
 
-uint16_t mode_2Dgameoflife(void) { // Written by Ewoud Wijma, inspired by https://natureofcode.com/book/chapter-7-cellular-automata/ and https://github.com/DougHaber/nlife-color
+uint16_t mode_2Dgameoflife(void) { // Written by Ewoud Wijma, inspired by https://natureofcode.com/book/chapter-7-cellular-automata/ 
+                                   // and https://github.com/DougHaber/nlife-color , Modified By: Brandon Butler
   if (!strip.isMatrix || !SEGMENT.is2D()) return mode_static(); // not a 2D set-up
+  const int cols = SEG_W, rows = SEG_H;
+  const unsigned maxIndex = cols * rows;
 
-  const int cols = SEG_W;
-  const int rows = SEG_H;
-  const auto XY = [&](int x, int y) { return (x%cols) + (y%rows) * cols; };
-  const unsigned dataSize = sizeof(CRGB) * SEGMENT.length();  // using width*height prevents reallocation if mirroring is enabled
-  const int crcBufferLen = 2; //(SEGMENT.width() + SEGMENT.height())*71/100; // roughly sqrt(2)/2 for better repetition detection (Ewowi)
+  if (!SEGENV.allocateData(SEGMENT.length() * sizeof(Cell))) return mode_static(); // allocation failed
 
-  if (!SEGENV.allocateData(dataSize + sizeof(uint16_t)*crcBufferLen)) return mode_static(); //allocation failed
-  CRGB *prevLeds = reinterpret_cast<CRGB*>(SEGENV.data);
-  uint16_t *crcBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(SEGENV.data + dataSize); 
+  Cell *cells = reinterpret_cast<Cell*> (SEGENV.data);
 
-  CRGB backgroundColor = SEGCOLOR(1);
+  uint16_t& generation = SEGENV.aux0, &gliderLength = SEGENV.aux1; // rename aux variables for clarity
+  bool mutate = SEGMENT.check3;
+  uint8_t blur = map(SEGMENT.custom1, 0, 255, 255, 4);
 
-  if (SEGENV.call == 0 || strip.now - SEGMENT.step > 3000) {
-    SEGENV.step = strip.now;
-    SEGENV.aux0 = 0;
+  uint32_t bgColor    = SEGCOLOR(1);
+  uint32_t birthColor = SEGMENT.color_from_palette(128, false, PALETTE_SOLID_WRAP, 255);
 
-    //give the leds random state and colors (based on intensity, colors from palette or all posible colors are chosen)
-    for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++) for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++) {
-      unsigned state = hw_random8()%2;
-      if (state == 0)
-        SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, backgroundColor);
-      else
-        SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, PALETTE_SOLID_WRAP, 255));
+  bool setup = SEGENV.call == 0;
+  if (setup) {
+    // Calculate glider length LCM(rows,cols)*4 once
+    unsigned a = rows, b = cols;
+    while (b) { unsigned t = b; b = a % b; a = t; }
+    gliderLength = (cols * rows / a) << 2;
+  }
+
+  if (abs(long(strip.now) - long(SEGENV.step)) > 2000) SEGENV.step = 0; // Timebase jump fix
+  bool paused = SEGENV.step > strip.now;
+
+  // Setup New Game of Life
+  if ((!paused && generation == 0) || setup) {
+    SEGENV.step = strip.now + 1280; // show initial state for 1.28 seconds
+    generation = 1;
+    paused = true;
+    //Setup Grid
+    memset(cells, 0, maxIndex * sizeof(Cell));
+
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < maxIndex; i++) {
+      bool isAlive = !hw_random8(3); // ~33%
+      cells[i].alive = isAlive;
+      cells[i].faded = !isAlive;
+      unsigned x = i % cols, y = i / cols;
+      cells[i].edgeCell = (x == 0 || x == cols-1 || y == 0 || y == rows-1);
+
+      SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, isAlive ? SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, PALETTE_SOLID_WRAP, 0) : bgColor);
     }
+  }
 
-    for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++) for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++) prevLeds[XY(x,y)] = CRGB::Black;
-    memset(crcBuffer, 0, sizeof(uint16_t)*crcBufferLen);
-  } else if (strip.now - SEGENV.step < FRAMETIME_FIXED * (uint32_t)map(SEGMENT.speed,0,255,64,4)) {
-    // update only when appropriate time passes (in 42 FPS slots)
+  if (paused || (strip.now - SEGENV.step < 1000 / map(SEGMENT.speed,0,255,1,42))) {
+    // Redraw if paused or between updates to remove blur
+    for (unsigned i = maxIndex; i--; ) {
+      if (!cells[i].alive) {
+        uint32_t cellColor = SEGMENT.getPixelColor(i);
+        if (cellColor != bgColor) {
+          uint32_t newColor;
+          bool needsColor = false;
+          if (cells[i].faded) { newColor = bgColor; needsColor = true; }
+          else {
+            uint32_t blended = color_blend(cellColor, bgColor, 2);
+            if (blended == cellColor) { blended = bgColor; cells[i].faded = 1; }
+            newColor = blended; needsColor = true;
+          }
+          if (needsColor) SEGMENT.setPixelColor(i, newColor);
+        }
+      }
+    }
     return FRAMETIME;
   }
 
-  //copy previous leds (save previous generation)
-  //NOTE: using lossy getPixelColor() is a benefit as endlessly repeating patterns will eventually fade out causing a reset
-  for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++) for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++) prevLeds[XY(x,y)] = SEGMENT.getPixelColorXY(x,y);
+  // Repeat detection
+  bool updateOscillator = generation % 16 == 0;
+  bool updateSpaceship  = gliderLength && generation % gliderLength == 0;
+  bool repeatingOscillator = true, repeatingSpaceship = true, emptyGrid = true;
 
-  //calculate new leds
-  for (int x = 0; x < cols; x++) for (int y = 0; y < rows; y++) {
+  unsigned cIndex = maxIndex-1;
+  for (unsigned y = rows; y--; ) for (unsigned x = cols; x--; cIndex--) {
+    Cell& cell = cells[cIndex];
 
-    colorCount colorsCount[9]; // count the different colors in the 3*3 matrix
-    for (int i=0; i<9; i++) colorsCount[i] = {backgroundColor, 0}; // init colorsCount
+    if (cell.alive) emptyGrid = false;
+    if (cell.oscillatorCheck != cell.alive) repeatingOscillator = false;
+    if (cell.spaceshipCheck  != cell.alive) repeatingSpaceship  = false;
+    if (updateOscillator) cell.oscillatorCheck = cell.alive;
+    if (updateSpaceship)  cell.spaceshipCheck  = cell.alive;
 
-    // iterate through neighbors and count them and their different colors
-    int neighbors = 0;
-    for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++) for (int j = -1; j <= 1; j++) { // iterate through 3*3 matrix
-      if (i==0 && j==0) continue; // ignore itself
-      // wrap around segment
-      int xx = x+i, yy = y+j;
-      if (x+i < 0) xx = cols-1; else if (x+i >= cols) xx = 0;
-      if (y+j < 0) yy = rows-1; else if (y+j >= rows) yy = 0;
-
-      unsigned xy = XY(xx, yy); // previous cell xy to check
-      // count different neighbours and colors
-      if (prevLeds[xy] != backgroundColor) {
-        neighbors++;
-        bool colorFound = false;
-        int k;
-        for (k=0; k<9 && colorsCount[k].count != 0; k++)
-          if (colorsCount[k].color == prevLeds[xy]) {
-            colorsCount[k].count++;
-            colorFound = true;
-          }
-        if (!colorFound) colorsCount[k] = {prevLeds[xy], 1}; //add new color found in the array
+    unsigned neighbors = 0, aliveParents = 0, parentIdx[3];
+    // Count alive neighbors
+    for (int i = -1; i <= 1; i++) for (int j = -1; j <= 1; j++) if (i || j) {
+      int nX = x + j, nY = y + i;
+      if (cell.edgeCell) {
+        nX = (nX + cols) % cols;
+        nY = (nY + rows) % rows;
+      }
+      unsigned nIndex = nX + nY * cols;
+      Cell& neighbor = cells[nIndex];
+      if (neighbor.alive) {
+        neighbors++;
+        if (!neighbor.toggleStatus && neighbors < 4) { // Alive and not dying
+          parentIdx[aliveParents++] = nIndex;
+        }
       }
-    } // i,j
-
-    // Rules of Life
-    uint32_t col = uint32_t(prevLeds[XY(x,y)]) & 0x00FFFFFF;  // uint32_t operator returns RGBA, we want RGBW -> cut off "alpha" byte
-    uint32_t bgc = RGBW32(backgroundColor.r, backgroundColor.g, backgroundColor.b, 0);
-    if      ((col != bgc) && (neighbors <  2)) SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, bgc); // Loneliness
-    else if ((col != bgc) && (neighbors >  3)) SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, bgc); // Overpopulation
-    else if ((col == bgc) && (neighbors == 3)) {                                  // Reproduction
-      // find dominant color and assign it to a cell
-      colorCount dominantColorCount = {backgroundColor, 0};
-      for (int i=0; i<9 && colorsCount[i].count != 0; i++)
-        if (colorsCount[i].count > dominantColorCount.count) dominantColorCount = colorsCount[i];
-      // assign the dominant color w/ a bit of randomness to avoid "gliders"
-      if (dominantColorCount.count > 0 && hw_random8(128)) SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, dominantColorCount.color);
-    } else if ((col == bgc) && (neighbors == 2) && !hw_random8(128)) {               // Mutation
-      SEGMENT.setPixelColorXY(x,y, SEGMENT.color_from_palette(hw_random8(), false, PALETTE_SOLID_WRAP, 255));
     }
-    // else do nothing!
-  } //x,y
 
-  // calculate CRC16 of leds
-  uint16_t crc = crc16((const unsigned char*)prevLeds, dataSize);
-  // check if we had same CRC and reset if needed
-  bool repetition = false;
-  for (int i=0; i<crcBufferLen && !repetition; i++) repetition = (crc == crcBuffer[i]); // (Ewowi)
-  // same CRC would mean image did not change or was repeating itself
-  if (!repetition) SEGENV.step = strip.now; //if no repetition avoid reset
-  // remember CRCs across frames
-  crcBuffer[SEGENV.aux0] = crc;
-  ++SEGENV.aux0 %= crcBufferLen;
+    uint32_t newColor;
+    bool needsColor = false;
 
+    if (cell.alive && (neighbors < 2 || neighbors > 3)) { // Loneliness or Overpopulation
+      cell.toggleStatus = 1;
+      if (blur == 255) cell.faded = 1;
+      newColor = cell.faded ? bgColor : color_blend(SEGMENT.getPixelColor(cIndex), bgColor, blur);
+      needsColor = true;
+    }
+    else if (!cell.alive) {
+      byte mutationRoll = mutate ? hw_random8(128) : 1; // if 0: 3 neighbor births fail and 2 neighbor births mutate
+      if ((neighbors == 3 && mutationRoll) || (mutate && neighbors == 2 && !mutationRoll)) { // Reproduction or Mutation
+        cell.toggleStatus = 1;
+        cell.faded = 0;
+
+        if (aliveParents) {
+          // Set color based on random neighbor
+          unsigned parentIndex = parentIdx[random8(aliveParents)];
+          birthColor = SEGMENT.getPixelColor(parentIndex);
+        }
+        newColor = birthColor;
+        needsColor = true;
+      }
+      else if (!cell.faded) {// No change, fade dead cells
+          uint32_t cellColor = SEGMENT.getPixelColor(cIndex);
+          uint32_t blended = color_blend(cellColor, bgColor, blur);
+          if (blended == cellColor) { blended = bgColor; cell.faded = 1; }
+          newColor = blended;
+          needsColor = true;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (needsColor) SEGMENT.setPixelColor(cIndex, newColor);
+  }
+  // Loop through cells, if toggle, swap alive status
+  for (unsigned i = maxIndex; i--; ) {
+    cells[i].alive ^= cells[i].toggleStatus;
+    cells[i].toggleStatus = 0;
+  }
+
+  if (repeatingOscillator || repeatingSpaceship || emptyGrid) {
+    generation = 0; // reset on next call
+    SEGENV.step += 1024; // pause final generation for ~1 second
+  }
+  else {
+    ++generation;
+    SEGENV.step = strip.now;
+  }
   return FRAMETIME;
 } // mode_2Dgameoflife()
-static const char _data_FX_MODE_2DGAMEOFLIFE[] PROGMEM = "Game Of Life@!;!,!;!;2";
+static const char _data_FX_MODE_2DGAMEOFLIFE[] PROGMEM = "Game Of Life@!,,Blur,,,,,Mutation;!,!;!;2;pal=11,sx=128";
 
 
 /////////////////////////
@@ -5984,7 +6052,7 @@ uint16_t mode_2Dcrazybees(void) {
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_2DCRAZYBEES[] PROGMEM = "Crazy Bees@!,Blur,,,,Smear;;!;2;pal=11,ix=0";
 #undef MAX_BEES
 
-#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
 /////////////////////////
 //     2D Ghost Rider  //
 /////////////////////////
@@ -6172,7 +6240,7 @@ uint16_t mode_2Dfloatingblobs(void) {
 }
 static const char _data_FX_MODE_2DBLOBS[] PROGMEM = "Blobs@!,# blobs,Blur,Trail;!;!;2;c1=8";
 #undef MAX_BLOBS
-#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+#endif // WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
 
 ////////////////////////////
 //     2D Scrolling text  //
@@ -9628,11 +9696,11 @@ uint16_t mode_particleFireworks1D(void) {
 
       PartSys->sources[0].sourceFlags.custom1 = 0; //flag used for rocket state
       PartSys->sources[0].source.hue = hw_random16(); // different color for each launch
-      PartSys->sources[0].var = 10; // emit variation
-      PartSys->sources[0].v = -10; // emit speed
-      PartSys->sources[0].minLife = 30;
-      PartSys->sources[0].maxLife = SEGMENT.check2 ? 400 : 60;
-      PartSys->sources[0].source.x = 0; // start from bottom
+      PartSys->sources[0].var = 10 * SEGMENT.check2; // emit variation, 0 if trail mode is off
+      PartSys->sources[0].v = -10 * SEGMENT.check2; // emit speed, 0 if trail mode is off
+      PartSys->sources[0].minLife = 180;
+      PartSys->sources[0].maxLife = SEGMENT.check2 ? 700 : 240; // exhaust particle life
+      PartSys->sources[0].source.x = SEGENV.aux0 * PartSys->maxX; // start from bottom or top
       uint32_t speed = sqrt((gravity * ((PartSys->maxX >> 2) + hw_random16(PartSys->maxX >> 1))) >> 4); // set speed such that rocket explods in frame
       PartSys->sources[0].source.vx = min(speed, (uint32_t)127);
       PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl = 4000;
@@ -9642,7 +9710,7 @@ uint16_t mode_particleFireworks1D(void) {
 
       if (SEGENV.aux0) { // inverted rockets launch from end
         PartSys->sources[0].sourceFlags.reversegrav = true;
-        PartSys->sources[0].source.x = PartSys->maxX; // start from top
+        //PartSys->sources[0].source.x = PartSys->maxX; // start from top
         PartSys->sources[0].source.vx = -PartSys->sources[0].source.vx; // revert direction
         PartSys->sources[0].v = -PartSys->sources[0].v; // invert exhaust emit speed
       }
@@ -9661,18 +9729,20 @@ uint16_t mode_particleFireworks1D(void) {
     uint32_t rocketheight = SEGENV.aux0 ? PartSys->maxX - PartSys->sources[0].source.x : PartSys->sources[0].source.x;
 
     if (currentspeed < 0 && PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl > 50) // reached apogee
-      PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl = min((uint32_t)50, rocketheight >> (PS_P_RADIUS_SHIFT_1D + 3)); // alive for a few more frames
+      PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl = 50 - gravity;// min((uint32_t)50, 15 + (rocketheight >> (PS_P_RADIUS_SHIFT_1D + 3))); // alive for a few more frames
 
     if (PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl < 2) { // explode
       PartSys->sources[0].sourceFlags.custom1 = 1; // set standby state
-      PartSys->sources[0].var = 5 + ((((PartSys->maxX >> 1) + rocketheight) * (200 + SEGMENT.intensity)) / (PartSys->maxX << 2)); // set explosion particle speed
-      PartSys->sources[0].minLife = 600;
-      PartSys->sources[0].maxLife = 1300;
+      PartSys->sources[0].var = 5 + ((((PartSys->maxX >> 1) + rocketheight) * (20 + (SEGMENT.intensity << 1))) / (PartSys->maxX << 2)); // set explosion particle speed
+      PartSys->sources[0].minLife = 1200;
+      PartSys->sources[0].maxLife = 2600;
       PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl = 100 + hw_random16(64 - (SEGMENT.speed >> 2)); // standby time til next launch
       PartSys->sources[0].sat = SEGMENT.custom3 < 16 ? 10 + (SEGMENT.custom3 << 4) : 255; //color saturation
       PartSys->sources[0].size = SEGMENT.check3 ? hw_random16(SEGMENT.intensity) : 0; // random particle size in explosion
       uint32_t explosionsize = 8 + (PartSys->maxXpixel >> 2) + (PartSys->sources[0].source.x >> (PS_P_RADIUS_SHIFT_1D - 1));
       explosionsize += hw_random16((explosionsize * SEGMENT.intensity) >> 8);
+      PartSys->setColorByAge(false); // disable
+      PartSys->setColorByPosition(false); // disable
       for (uint32_t e = 0; e < explosionsize; e++) { // emit explosion particles
         int idx = PartSys->sprayEmit(PartSys->sources[0]); // emit a particle
         if(SEGMENT.custom3 > 23) {
@@ -9692,16 +9762,16 @@ uint16_t mode_particleFireworks1D(void) {
       }
     }
   }
-  if ((SEGMENT.call & 0x01) == 0 && PartSys->sources[0].sourceFlags.custom1 == false && PartSys->sources[0].source.ttl > 50) // every second frame and not in standby and not about to explode
+  if ((SEGMENT.call & 0x01) == 0 && PartSys->sources[0].sourceFlags.custom1 == false) // every second frame and not in standby
     PartSys->sprayEmit(PartSys->sources[0]); // emit exhaust particle
 
   if ((SEGMENT.call & 0x03) == 0) // every fourth frame
     PartSys->applyFriction(1); // apply friction to all particles
 
   PartSys->update(); // update and render
-
+  
   for (uint32_t i = 0; i < PartSys->usedParticles; i++) {
-    if (PartSys->particles[i].ttl > 10) PartSys->particles[i].ttl -= 10; //ttl is linked to brightness, this allows to use higher brightness but still a short spark lifespan
+    if (PartSys->particles[i].ttl > 20) PartSys->particles[i].ttl -= 20; //ttl is linked to brightness, this allows to use higher brightness but still a short spark lifespan
     else PartSys->particles[i].ttl = 0;
   }
   return FRAMETIME;
@@ -10822,16 +10892,18 @@ void WS2812FX::setupEffectData() {
   addEffect(FX_MODE_SPOTS, &mode_spots, _data_FX_MODE_SPOTS);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_SPOTS_FADE, &mode_spots_fade, _data_FX_MODE_SPOTS_FADE);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_COMET, &mode_comet, _data_FX_MODE_COMET);
-  #ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
-  addEffect(FX_MODE_MULTI_COMET, &mode_multi_comet, _data_FX_MODE_MULTI_COMET);  
-  addEffect(FX_MODE_ROLLINGBALLS, &rolling_balls, _data_FX_MODE_ROLLINGBALLS);
+  #if defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX) || defined(WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX)
+  addEffect(FX_MODE_FIRE_2012, &mode_fire_2012, _data_FX_MODE_FIRE_2012);
+  addEffect(FX_MODE_EXPLODING_FIREWORKS, &mode_exploding_fireworks, _data_FX_MODE_EXPLODING_FIREWORKS);
+  #endif
   addEffect(FX_MODE_SPARKLE, &mode_sparkle, _data_FX_MODE_SPARKLE);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_GLITTER, &mode_glitter, _data_FX_MODE_GLITTER);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_SOLID_GLITTER, &mode_solid_glitter, _data_FX_MODE_SOLID_GLITTER);
+  addEffect(FX_MODE_MULTI_COMET, &mode_multi_comet, _data_FX_MODE_MULTI_COMET);  
+  #ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_1D_FX
+  addEffect(FX_MODE_ROLLINGBALLS, &rolling_balls, _data_FX_MODE_ROLLINGBALLS);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_STARBURST, &mode_starburst, _data_FX_MODE_STARBURST);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_DANCING_SHADOWS, &mode_dancing_shadows, _data_FX_MODE_DANCING_SHADOWS);
-  addEffect(FX_MODE_FIRE_2012, &mode_fire_2012, _data_FX_MODE_FIRE_2012);
-  addEffect(FX_MODE_EXPLODING_FIREWORKS, &mode_exploding_fireworks, _data_FX_MODE_EXPLODING_FIREWORKS);
   #endif
   addEffect(FX_MODE_CANDLE, &mode_candle, _data_FX_MODE_CANDLE);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_BOUNCINGBALLS, &mode_bouncing_balls, _data_FX_MODE_BOUNCINGBALLS);
@@ -10895,7 +10967,7 @@ void WS2812FX::setupEffectData() {
   addEffect(FX_MODE_2DSPACESHIPS, &mode_2Dspaceships, _data_FX_MODE_2DSPACESHIPS);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_2DCRAZYBEES, &mode_2Dcrazybees, _data_FX_MODE_2DCRAZYBEES);
 
-  #ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_FX
+  #ifdef WLED_PS_DONT_REPLACE_2D_FX
   addEffect(FX_MODE_2DGHOSTRIDER, &mode_2Dghostrider, _data_FX_MODE_2DGHOSTRIDER);
   addEffect(FX_MODE_2DBLOBS, &mode_2Dfloatingblobs, _data_FX_MODE_2DBLOBS);
   #endif

wled00/FX_2Dfcn.cpp

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 // note: matrix may be comprised of multiple panels each with different orientation
 // but ledmap takes care of that. ledmap is constructed upon initialization
 // so matrix should disable regular ledmap processing
+// WARNING: effect drawing has to be suspended (strip.suspend()) or must be called from loop() context
 void WS2812FX::setUpMatrix() {
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_2D
   // isMatrix is set in cfg.cpp or set.cpp
@@ -45,12 +46,12 @@ void WS2812FX::setUpMatrix() {
       return;
     }
 
-    suspend();
-    waitForIt();
-
     customMappingSize = 0; // prevent use of mapping if anything goes wrong
 
     d_free(customMappingTable);
+    // Segment::maxWidth and Segment::maxHeight are set according to panel layout
+    // and the product will include at least all leds in matrix
+    // if actual LEDs are more, getLengthTotal() will return correct number of LEDs
     customMappingTable = static_cast<uint16_t*>(d_malloc(sizeof(uint16_t)*getLengthTotal())); // prefer to not use SPI RAM
 
     if (customMappingTable) {
@@ -113,7 +114,6 @@ void WS2812FX::setUpMatrix() {
 
       // delete gap array as we no longer need it
       p_free(gapTable);
-      resume();
 
       #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
       DEBUG_PRINT(F("Matrix ledmap:"));

wled00/FX_fcn.cpp

@@ -1681,12 +1681,17 @@ void WS2812FX::setTransitionMode(bool t) {
   resume();
 }
 
-// wait until frame is over (service() has finished or time for 1 frame has passed; yield() crashes on 8266)
+// wait until frame is over (service() has finished or time for 2 frames have passed; yield() crashes on 8266)
+// the latter may, in rare circumstances, lead to incorrectly assuming strip is done servicing but will not block
+// other processing "indefinitely"
+// rare circumstances are: setting FPS to high number (i.e. 120) and have very slow effect that will need more
+// time than 2 * _frametime (1000/FPS) to draw content
 void WS2812FX::waitForIt() {
-  unsigned long maxWait = millis() + getFrameTime() + 100; // TODO: this needs a proper fix for timeout!
-  while (isServicing() && maxWait > millis()) delay(1);
+  unsigned long waitStart = millis();
+  unsigned long maxWait = 2*getFrameTime() + 100; // TODO: this needs a proper fix for timeout! see #4779
+  while (isServicing() && (millis() - waitStart < maxWait)) delay(1); // safe even when millis() rolls over
   #ifdef WLED_DEBUG
-  if (millis() >= maxWait) DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Waited for strip to finish servicing."));
+  if (millis()-waitStart >= maxWait) DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Waited for strip to finish servicing."));
   #endif
 };
 
@@ -1810,7 +1815,11 @@ Segment& WS2812FX::getSegment(unsigned id) {
   return _segments[id >= _segments.size() ? getMainSegmentId() : id]; // vectors
 }
 
+// WARNING: resetSegments(), makeAutoSegments() and fixInvalidSegments() must not be called while
+// strip is being serviced (strip.service()), you must call suspend prior if changing segments outside
+// loop() context
 void WS2812FX::resetSegments() {
+  if (isServicing()) return;
   _segments.clear();          // destructs all Segment as part of clearing
   _segments.emplace_back(0, isMatrix ? Segment::maxWidth : _length, 0, isMatrix ? Segment::maxHeight : 1);
   _segments.shrink_to_fit();  // just in case ...
@@ -1818,6 +1827,7 @@ void WS2812FX::resetSegments() {
 }
 
 void WS2812FX::makeAutoSegments(bool forceReset) {
+  if (isServicing()) return;
   if (autoSegments) { //make one segment per bus
     unsigned segStarts[MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS] = {0};
     unsigned segStops [MAX_NUM_SEGMENTS] = {0};
@@ -1889,6 +1899,7 @@ void WS2812FX::makeAutoSegments(bool forceReset) {
 }
 
 void WS2812FX::fixInvalidSegments() {
+  if (isServicing()) return;
   //make sure no segment is longer than total (sanity check)
   for (size_t i = getSegmentsNum()-1; i > 0; i--) {
     if (isMatrix) {
@@ -1951,6 +1962,7 @@ void WS2812FX::printSize() {
 
 // load custom mapping table from JSON file (called from finalizeInit() or deserializeState())
 // if this is a matrix set-up and default ledmap.json file does not exist, create mapping table using setUpMatrix() from panel information
+// WARNING: effect drawing has to be suspended (strip.suspend()) or must be called from loop() context
 bool WS2812FX::deserializeMap(unsigned n) {
   char fileName[32];
   strcpy_P(fileName, PSTR("/ledmap"));
@@ -1980,15 +1992,13 @@ bool WS2812FX::deserializeMap(unsigned n) {
   } else
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Reading LED map from %s\n"), fileName);
 
-  suspend();
-  waitForIt();
-
   JsonObject root = pDoc->as<JsonObject>();
   // if we are loading default ledmap (at boot) set matrix width and height from the ledmap (compatible with WLED MM ledmaps)
   if (n == 0 && (!root[F("width")].isNull() || !root[F("height")].isNull())) {
     Segment::maxWidth  = min(max(root[F("width")].as<int>(), 1), 255);
     Segment::maxHeight = min(max(root[F("height")].as<int>(), 1), 255);
     isMatrix = true;
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("LED map width=%d, height=%d\n"), Segment::maxWidth, Segment::maxHeight);
   }
 
   d_free(customMappingTable);
@@ -2012,9 +2022,9 @@ bool WS2812FX::deserializeMap(unsigned n) {
         } while (i < 32);
         if (!foundDigit) break;
         int index = atoi(number);
-        if (index < 0 || index > 16384) index = 0xFFFF;
+        if (index < 0 || index > 65535) index = 0xFFFF; // prevent integer wrap around
         customMappingTable[customMappingSize++] = index;
-        if (customMappingSize > getLengthTotal()) break;
+        if (customMappingSize >= getLengthTotal()) break;
       } else break; // there was nothing to read, stop
     }
     currentLedmap = n;
@@ -2024,7 +2034,7 @@ bool WS2812FX::deserializeMap(unsigned n) {
     DEBUG_PRINT(F("Loaded ledmap:"));
     for (unsigned i=0; i<customMappingSize; i++) {
       if (!(i%Segment::maxWidth)) DEBUG_PRINTLN();
-      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("%4d,"), customMappingTable[i]);
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("%4d,"), customMappingTable[i] < 0xFFFFU ? customMappingTable[i] : -1);
     }
     DEBUG_PRINTLN();
     #endif
@@ -2040,8 +2050,6 @@ bool WS2812FX::deserializeMap(unsigned n) {
     DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("ERROR LED map allocation error."));
   }
 
-  resume();
-
   releaseJSONBufferLock();
   return (customMappingSize > 0);
 }

wled00/button.cpp

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ static bool buttonBriDirection = false; // true: increase brightness, false: dec
 
 void shortPressAction(uint8_t b)
 {
-  if (!macroButton[b]) {
+  if (!buttons[b].macroButton) {
     switch (b) {
       case 0: toggleOnOff(); stateUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); break;
       case 1: ++effectCurrent %= strip.getModeCount(); stateChanged = true; colorUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); break;
     }
   } else {
-    applyPreset(macroButton[b], CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
+    applyPreset(buttons[b].macroButton, CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
   }
 
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ void shortPressAction(uint8_t b)
 
 void longPressAction(uint8_t b)
 {
-  if (!macroLongPress[b]) {
+  if (!buttons[b].macroLongPress) {
     switch (b) {
       case 0: setRandomColor(colPri); colorUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); break;
       case 1: 
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ void longPressAction(uint8_t b)
           else bri -= WLED_LONG_BRI_STEPS;
         }
         stateUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); 
-        buttonPressedTime[b] = millis();         
+        buttons[b].pressedTime = millis();         
         break; // repeatable action
     }
   } else {
-    applyPreset(macroLongPress[b], CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
+    applyPreset(buttons[b].macroLongPress, CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
   }
 
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
@@ -71,13 +71,13 @@ void longPressAction(uint8_t b)
 
 void doublePressAction(uint8_t b)
 {
-  if (!macroDoublePress[b]) {
+  if (!buttons[b].macroDoublePress) {
     switch (b) {
       //case 0: toggleOnOff(); colorUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); break; //instant short press on button 0 if no macro set
       case 1: ++effectPalette %= getPaletteCount(); colorUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON); break;
     }
   } else {
-    applyPreset(macroDoublePress[b], CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
+    applyPreset(buttons[b].macroDoublePress, CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
   }
 
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_MQTT
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ void doublePressAction(uint8_t b)
 
 bool isButtonPressed(uint8_t b)
 {
-  if (btnPin[b]<0) return false;
-  unsigned pin = btnPin[b];
+  if (buttons[b].pin < 0) return false;
+  unsigned pin = buttons[b].pin;
 
-  switch (buttonType[b]) {
+  switch (buttons[b].type) {
     case BTN_TYPE_NONE:
     case BTN_TYPE_RESERVED:
       break;
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ bool isButtonPressed(uint8_t b)
         #ifdef SOC_TOUCH_VERSION_2 //ESP32 S2 and S3 provide a function to check touch state (state is updated in interrupt)
         if (touchInterruptGetLastStatus(pin)) return true;
         #else
-        if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(btnPin[b]) >= 0 && touchRead(pin) <= touchThreshold) return true;
+        if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(pin) >= 0 && touchRead(pin) <= touchThreshold) return true;
         #endif
       #endif
      break;
@@ -124,25 +124,25 @@ bool isButtonPressed(uint8_t b)
 void handleSwitch(uint8_t b)
 {
   // isButtonPressed() handles inverted/noninverted logic
-  if (buttonPressedBefore[b] != isButtonPressed(b)) {
+  if (buttons[b].pressedBefore != isButtonPressed(b)) {
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Switch: State changed %u\n"), b);
-    buttonPressedTime[b] = millis();
-    buttonPressedBefore[b] = !buttonPressedBefore[b];
+    buttons[b].pressedTime = millis();
+    buttons[b].pressedBefore = !buttons[b].pressedBefore; // toggle pressed state
   }
 
-  if (buttonLongPressed[b] == buttonPressedBefore[b]) return;
+  if (buttons[b].longPressed == buttons[b].pressedBefore) return;
 
-  if (millis() - buttonPressedTime[b] > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) { //fire edge event only after 50ms without change (debounce)
+  if (millis() - buttons[b].pressedTime > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) { //fire edge event only after 50ms without change (debounce)
     DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Switch: Activating  %u\n"), b);
-    if (!buttonPressedBefore[b]) { // on -> off
+    if (!buttons[b].pressedBefore) { // on -> off
       DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Switch: On -> Off (%u)\n"), b);
-      if (macroButton[b]) applyPreset(macroButton[b], CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
+      if (buttons[b].macroButton) applyPreset(buttons[b].macroButton, CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
       else { //turn on
         if (!bri) {toggleOnOff(); stateUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON);}
       }
     } else {  // off -> on
       DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Switch: Off -> On (%u)\n"), b);
-      if (macroLongPress[b]) applyPreset(macroLongPress[b], CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
+      if (buttons[b].macroLongPress) applyPreset(buttons[b].macroLongPress, CALL_MODE_BUTTON_PRESET);
       else { //turn off
         if (bri) {toggleOnOff(); stateUpdated(CALL_MODE_BUTTON);}
       }
@@ -152,13 +152,13 @@ void handleSwitch(uint8_t b)
     // publish MQTT message
     if (buttonPublishMqtt && WLED_MQTT_CONNECTED) {
       char subuf[MQTT_MAX_TOPIC_LEN + 32];
-      if (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR) sprintf_P(subuf, PSTR("%s/motion/%d"), mqttDeviceTopic, (int)b);
+      if (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR) sprintf_P(subuf, PSTR("%s/motion/%d"), mqttDeviceTopic, (int)b);
       else sprintf_P(subuf, _mqtt_topic_button, mqttDeviceTopic, (int)b);
-      mqtt->publish(subuf, 0, false, !buttonPressedBefore[b] ? "off" : "on");
+      mqtt->publish(subuf, 0, false, !buttons[b].pressedBefore ? "off" : "on");
     }
 #endif
 
-    buttonLongPressed[b] = buttonPressedBefore[b]; //save the last "long term" switch state
+    buttons[b].longPressed = buttons[b].pressedBefore; //save the last "long term" switch state
   }
 }
 
@@ -178,17 +178,17 @@ void handleAnalog(uint8_t b)
   #ifdef ESP8266
   rawReading = analogRead(A0) << 2;   // convert 10bit read to 12bit
   #else
-  if ((btnPin[b] < 0) /*|| (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(btnPin[b]) < 0)*/) return; // pin must support analog ADC - newer esp32 frameworks throw lots of warnings otherwise
-  rawReading = analogRead(btnPin[b]); // collect at full 12bit resolution
+  if ((buttons[b].pin < 0) /*|| (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(buttons[b].pin) < 0)*/) return; // pin must support analog ADC - newer esp32 frameworks throw lots of warnings otherwise
+  rawReading = analogRead(buttons[b].pin); // collect at full 12bit resolution
   #endif
   yield();                            // keep WiFi task running - analog read may take several millis on ESP8266
 
   filteredReading[b] += POT_SMOOTHING * ((float(rawReading) / 16.0f) - filteredReading[b]); // filter raw input, and scale to [0..255]
   unsigned aRead = max(min(int(filteredReading[b]), 255), 0);                               // squash into 8bit
-  if(aRead <= POT_SENSITIVITY) aRead = 0;                                                   // make sure that 0 and 255 are used
-  if(aRead >= 255-POT_SENSITIVITY) aRead = 255;
+  if (aRead <= POT_SENSITIVITY) aRead = 0;                                                   // make sure that 0 and 255 are used
+  if (aRead >= 255-POT_SENSITIVITY) aRead = 255;
 
-  if (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) aRead = 255 - aRead;
+  if (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) aRead = 255 - aRead;
 
   // remove noise & reduce frequency of UI updates
   if (abs(int(aRead) - int(oldRead[b])) <= POT_SENSITIVITY) return;  // no significant change in reading
@@ -206,10 +206,10 @@ void handleAnalog(uint8_t b)
   oldRead[b] = aRead;
 
   // if no macro for "short press" and "long press" is defined use brightness control
-  if (!macroButton[b] && !macroLongPress[b]) {
-    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Analog: Action = %u\n"), macroDoublePress[b]);
+  if (!buttons[b].macroButton && !buttons[b].macroLongPress) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Analog: Action = %u\n"), buttons[b].macroDoublePress);
     // if "double press" macro defines which option to change
-    if (macroDoublePress[b] >= 250) {
+    if (buttons[b].macroDoublePress >= 250) {
       // global brightness
       if (aRead == 0) {
         briLast = bri;
@@ -218,27 +218,30 @@ void handleAnalog(uint8_t b)
         if (bri == 0) strip.restartRuntime();
         bri = aRead;
       }
-    } else if (macroDoublePress[b] == 249) {
+    } else if (buttons[b].macroDoublePress == 249) {
       // effect speed
       effectSpeed = aRead;
-    } else if (macroDoublePress[b] == 248) {
+    } else if (buttons[b].macroDoublePress == 248) {
       // effect intensity
       effectIntensity = aRead;
-    } else if (macroDoublePress[b] == 247) {
+    } else if (buttons[b].macroDoublePress == 247) {
       // selected palette
       effectPalette = map(aRead, 0, 252, 0, getPaletteCount()-1);
       effectPalette = constrain(effectPalette, 0, getPaletteCount()-1);  // map is allowed to "overshoot", so we need to contrain the result
-    } else if (macroDoublePress[b] == 200) {
+    } else if (buttons[b].macroDoublePress == 200) {
       // primary color, hue, full saturation
-      colorHStoRGB(aRead*256,255,colPri);
+      colorHStoRGB(aRead*256, 255, colPri);
     } else {
       // otherwise use "double press" for segment selection
-      Segment& seg = strip.getSegment(macroDoublePress[b]);
+      Segment& seg = strip.getSegment(buttons[b].macroDoublePress);
       if (aRead == 0) {
-        seg.setOption(SEG_OPTION_ON, false); // off (use transition)
+        seg.on = false; // do not use transition
+        //seg.setOption(SEG_OPTION_ON, false); // off (use transition)
       } else {
-        seg.setOpacity(aRead);
-        seg.setOption(SEG_OPTION_ON, true); // on (use transition)
+        seg.opacity = aRead; // set brightness (opacity) of segment
+        seg.on = true;
+        //seg.setOpacity(aRead);
+        //seg.setOption(SEG_OPTION_ON, true); // on (use transition)
       }
       // this will notify clients of update (websockets,mqtt,etc)
       updateInterfaces(CALL_MODE_BUTTON);
@@ -261,16 +264,16 @@ void handleButton()
   if (strip.isUpdating() && (now - lastRun < ANALOG_BTN_READ_CYCLE+1)) return; // don't interfere with strip update (unless strip is updating continuously, e.g. very long strips)
   lastRun = now;
 
-  for (unsigned b=0; b<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; b++) {
+  for (unsigned b = 0; b < buttons.size(); b++) {
     #ifdef ESP8266
-    if ((btnPin[b]<0 && !(buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)) || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE) continue;
+    if ((buttons[b].pin < 0 && !(buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)) || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE) continue;
     #else
-    if (btnPin[b]<0 || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_NONE) continue;
+    if (buttons[b].pin < 0 || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE) continue;
     #endif
 
     if (UsermodManager::handleButton(b)) continue; // did usermod handle buttons
 
-    if (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) { // button is not a button but a potentiometer
+    if (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED) { // button is not a button but a potentiometer
       if (now - lastAnalogRead > ANALOG_BTN_READ_CYCLE) {
         handleAnalog(b);
       }
@@ -278,7 +281,7 @@ void handleButton()
     }
 
     // button is not momentary, but switch. This is only suitable on pins whose on-boot state does not matter (NOT gpio0)
-    if (buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH || buttonType[b] == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR) {
+    if (buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_SWITCH || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH || buttons[b].type == BTN_TYPE_PIR_SENSOR) {
       handleSwitch(b);
       continue;
     }
@@ -287,40 +290,39 @@ void handleButton()
     if (isButtonPressed(b)) { // pressed
 
       // if all macros are the same, fire action immediately on rising edge
-      if (macroButton[b] && macroButton[b] == macroLongPress[b] && macroButton[b] == macroDoublePress[b]) {
-        if (!buttonPressedBefore[b])
-          shortPressAction(b);
-        buttonPressedBefore[b] = true;
-        buttonPressedTime[b] = now; // continually update (for debouncing to work in release handler)
+      if (buttons[b].macroButton && buttons[b].macroButton == buttons[b].macroLongPress && buttons[b].macroButton == buttons[b].macroDoublePress) {
+        if (!buttons[b].pressedBefore) shortPressAction(b);
+        buttons[b].pressedBefore = true;
+        buttons[b].pressedTime = now; // continually update (for debouncing to work in release handler)
         continue;
       }
 
-      if (!buttonPressedBefore[b]) buttonPressedTime[b] = now;
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = true;
+      if (!buttons[b].pressedBefore) buttons[b].pressedTime = now;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = true;
 
-      if (now - buttonPressedTime[b] > WLED_LONG_PRESS) { //long press
-        if (!buttonLongPressed[b]) {
+      if (now - buttons[b].pressedTime > WLED_LONG_PRESS) { //long press
+        if (!buttons[b].longPressed) {
           buttonBriDirection = !buttonBriDirection; //toggle brightness direction on long press
           longPressAction(b);
         } else if (b) { //repeatable action (~5 times per s) on button > 0
           longPressAction(b);
-          buttonPressedTime[b] = now - WLED_LONG_REPEATED_ACTION; //200ms
+          buttons[b].pressedTime = now - WLED_LONG_REPEATED_ACTION; //200ms
         }
-        buttonLongPressed[b] = true;
+        buttons[b].longPressed = true;
       }
 
-    } else if (buttonPressedBefore[b]) { //released
-      long dur = now - buttonPressedTime[b];
+    } else if (buttons[b].pressedBefore) { //released
+      long dur = now - buttons[b].pressedTime;
 
       // released after rising-edge short press action
-      if (macroButton[b] && macroButton[b] == macroLongPress[b] && macroButton[b] == macroDoublePress[b]) {
-        if (dur > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) buttonPressedBefore[b] = false; // debounce, blocks button for 50 ms once it has been released
+      if (buttons[b].macroButton && buttons[b].macroButton == buttons[b].macroLongPress && buttons[b].macroButton == buttons[b].macroDoublePress) {
+        if (dur > WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) buttons[b].pressedBefore = false; // debounce, blocks button for 50 ms once it has been released
         continue;
       }
 
-      if (dur < WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) {buttonPressedBefore[b] = false; continue;} // too short "press", debounce
-      bool doublePress = buttonWaitTime[b]; //did we have a short press before?
-      buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+      if (dur < WLED_DEBOUNCE_THRESHOLD) {buttons[b].pressedBefore = false; continue;} // too short "press", debounce
+      bool doublePress = buttons[b].waitTime; //did we have a short press before?
+      buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
 
       if (b == 0 && dur > WLED_LONG_AP) { // long press on button 0 (when released)
         if (dur > WLED_LONG_FACTORY_RESET) { // factory reset if pressed > 10 seconds
@@ -332,25 +334,25 @@ void handleButton()
         } else {
           WLED::instance().initAP(true);
         }
-      } else if (!buttonLongPressed[b]) { //short press
+      } else if (!buttons[b].longPressed) { //short press
         //NOTE: this interferes with double click handling in usermods so usermod needs to implement full button handling
-        if (b != 1 && !macroDoublePress[b]) { //don't wait for double press on buttons without a default action if no double press macro set
+        if (b != 1 && !buttons[b].macroDoublePress) { //don't wait for double press on buttons without a default action if no double press macro set
           shortPressAction(b);
         } else { //double press if less than 350 ms between current press and previous short press release (buttonWaitTime!=0)
           if (doublePress) {
             doublePressAction(b);
           } else {
-            buttonWaitTime[b] = now;
+            buttons[b].waitTime = now;
           }
         }
       }
-      buttonPressedBefore[b] = false;
-      buttonLongPressed[b] = false;
+      buttons[b].pressedBefore = false;
+      buttons[b].longPressed = false;
     }
 
     //if 350ms elapsed since last short press release it is a short press
-    if (buttonWaitTime[b] && now - buttonWaitTime[b] > WLED_DOUBLE_PRESS && !buttonPressedBefore[b]) {
-      buttonWaitTime[b] = 0;
+    if (buttons[b].waitTime && now - buttons[b].waitTime > WLED_DOUBLE_PRESS && !buttons[b].pressedBefore) {
+      buttons[b].waitTime = 0;
       shortPressAction(b);
     }
   }

wled00/cfg.cpp

@@ -345,97 +345,91 @@ bool deserializeConfig(JsonObject doc, bool fromFS) {
   JsonArray hw_btn_ins = btn_obj["ins"];
   if (!hw_btn_ins.isNull()) {
     // deallocate existing button pins
-    for (unsigned b = 0; b < WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; b++) PinManager::deallocatePin(btnPin[b], PinOwner::Button); // does nothing if trying to deallocate a pin with PinOwner != Button
+    for (const auto &button : buttons) PinManager::deallocatePin(button.pin, PinOwner::Button); // does nothing if trying to deallocate a pin with PinOwner != Button
+    buttons.clear(); // clear existing buttons
     unsigned s = 0;
     for (JsonObject btn : hw_btn_ins) {
-      CJSON(buttonType[s], btn["type"]);
-      int8_t pin = btn["pin"][0] | -1;
+      uint8_t type = btn["type"] | BTN_TYPE_NONE;
+      int8_t  pin  = btn["pin"][0] | -1;
       if (pin > -1 && PinManager::allocatePin(pin, false, PinOwner::Button)) {
-        btnPin[s] = pin;
-      #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+        #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
         // ESP32 only: check that analog button pin is a valid ADC gpio
-        if ((buttonType[s] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG) || (buttonType[s] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)) {
-          if (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(btnPin[s]) < 0) {
+        if ((type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG) || (type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)) {
+          if (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(pin) < 0) {
             // not an ADC analog pin
-            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for analog button #%d is not an analog pin!\n"), btnPin[s], s);
-            btnPin[s] = -1;
-            PinManager::deallocatePin(pin,PinOwner::Button);
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for analog button #%d is not an analog pin!\n"), pin, s);
+            PinManager::deallocatePin(pin, PinOwner::Button);
+            pin = -1;
+            continue;
           } else {
             analogReadResolution(12); // see #4040
           }
-        }
-        else if ((buttonType[s] == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH || buttonType[s] == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH))
-        {
-          if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(btnPin[s]) < 0) {
+        } else if ((type == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH || type == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH)) {
+          if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(pin) < 0) {
             // not a touch pin
-            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for touch button #%d is not a touch pin!\n"), btnPin[s], s);
-            btnPin[s] = -1;
-            PinManager::deallocatePin(pin,PinOwner::Button);
-          }
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for touch button #%d is not a touch pin!\n"), pin, s);
+            PinManager::deallocatePin(pin, PinOwner::Button);
+            pin = -1;
+            continue;
+          }          
           //if touch pin, enable the touch interrupt on ESP32 S2 & S3
           #ifdef SOC_TOUCH_VERSION_2    // ESP32 S2 and S3 have a function to check touch state but need to attach an interrupt to do so
-          else
-          {
-            touchAttachInterrupt(btnPin[s], touchButtonISR, touchThreshold << 4); // threshold on Touch V2 is much higher (1500 is a value given by Espressif example, I measured changes of over 5000)
-          }
+          else touchAttachInterrupt(pin, touchButtonISR, touchThreshold << 4); // threshold on Touch V2 is much higher (1500 is a value given by Espressif example, I measured changes of over 5000)
           #endif
-        }
-        else
-      #endif
+        } else
+        #endif
         {
+          // regular buttons and switches
           if (disablePullUp) {
-            pinMode(btnPin[s], INPUT);
+            pinMode(pin, INPUT);
           } else {
             #ifdef ESP32
-            pinMode(btnPin[s], buttonType[s]==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
+            pinMode(pin, type==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
             #else
-            pinMode(btnPin[s], INPUT_PULLUP);
+            pinMode(pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
             #endif
           }
         }
-      } else {
-        btnPin[s] = -1;
+        JsonArray hw_btn_ins_0_macros = btn["macros"];
+        uint8_t press       = hw_btn_ins_0_macros[0] | 0;
+        uint8_t longPress   = hw_btn_ins_0_macros[1] | 0;
+        uint8_t doublePress = hw_btn_ins_0_macros[2] | 0;
+        buttons.emplace_back(pin, type, press, longPress, doublePress); // add button to vector
       }
-      JsonArray hw_btn_ins_0_macros = btn["macros"];
-      CJSON(macroButton[s], hw_btn_ins_0_macros[0]);
-      CJSON(macroLongPress[s],hw_btn_ins_0_macros[1]);
-      CJSON(macroDoublePress[s], hw_btn_ins_0_macros[2]);
       if (++s >= WLED_MAX_BUTTONS) break; // max buttons reached
     }
-    // clear remaining buttons
-    for (; s<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; s++) {
-      btnPin[s]           = -1;
-      buttonType[s]       = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
-      macroButton[s]      = 0;
-      macroLongPress[s]   = 0;
-      macroDoublePress[s] = 0;
-    }
   } else if (fromFS) {
     // new install/missing configuration (button 0 has defaults)
     // relies upon only being called once with fromFS == true, which is currently true.
-    for (size_t s = 0; s < WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; s++) {
-      if (buttonType[s] == BTN_TYPE_NONE || btnPin[s] < 0 || !PinManager::allocatePin(btnPin[s], false, PinOwner::Button)) {
-        btnPin[s]     = -1;
-        buttonType[s] = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
+    constexpr uint8_t  defTypes[] = {BTNTYPE};
+    constexpr int8_t   defPins[]  = {BTNPIN};
+    constexpr unsigned numTypes   = (sizeof(defTypes) / sizeof(defTypes[0]));
+    constexpr unsigned numPins    = (sizeof(defPins) / sizeof(defPins[0]));
+    // check if the number of pins and types are valid; count of pins must be greater than or equal to types
+    static_assert(numTypes <= numPins, "The default button pins defined in BTNPIN do not match the button types defined in BTNTYPE");
+
+    uint8_t type = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
+    buttons.clear(); // clear existing buttons (just in case)
+    for (size_t s = 0; s < WLED_MAX_BUTTONS && s < numPins; s++) {
+      type = defTypes[s < numTypes ? s : numTypes - 1]; // use last known type to set current type if types less than pins
+      if (type == BTN_TYPE_NONE || defPins[s] < 0 || !PinManager::allocatePin(defPins[s], false, PinOwner::Button)) {
+        if (buttons.size() == 0) buttons.emplace_back(-1, BTN_TYPE_NONE); // add disabled button to vector (so we have at least one button defined)
+        continue; // pin not available or invalid, skip configuring this GPIO
       }
-      if (btnPin[s] >= 0) {
-        if (disablePullUp) {
-          pinMode(btnPin[s], INPUT);
-        } else {
-          #ifdef ESP32
-          pinMode(btnPin[s], buttonType[s]==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
-          #else
-          pinMode(btnPin[s], INPUT_PULLUP);
-          #endif
-        }
+      if (disablePullUp) {
+        pinMode(defPins[s], INPUT);
+      } else {
+        #ifdef ESP32
+        pinMode(defPins[s], type==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
+        #else
+        pinMode(defPins[s], INPUT_PULLUP);
+        #endif
       }
-      macroButton[s]      = 0;
-      macroLongPress[s]   = 0;
-      macroDoublePress[s] = 0;
+      buttons.emplace_back(defPins[s], type); // add button to vector
     }
   }
 
-  CJSON(buttonPublishMqtt,btn_obj["mqtt"]);
+  CJSON(buttonPublishMqtt, btn_obj["mqtt"]);
 
   #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_INFRARED
   int hw_ir_pin = hw["ir"]["pin"] | -2; // 4
@@ -777,6 +771,10 @@ bool verifyConfig() {
   return validateJsonFile(s_cfg_json);
 }
 
+bool configBackupExists() {
+  return checkBackupExists(s_cfg_json);
+}
+
 // rename config file and reboot
 // if the cfg file doesn't exist, such as after a reset, do nothing
 void resetConfig() {
@@ -1012,15 +1010,15 @@ void serializeConfig(JsonObject root) {
   JsonArray hw_btn_ins = hw_btn.createNestedArray("ins");
 
   // configuration for all buttons
-  for (int i = 0; i < WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; i++) {
+  for (const auto &button : buttons) {
     JsonObject hw_btn_ins_0 = hw_btn_ins.createNestedObject();
-    hw_btn_ins_0["type"] = buttonType[i];
+    hw_btn_ins_0["type"] = button.type;
     JsonArray hw_btn_ins_0_pin = hw_btn_ins_0.createNestedArray("pin");
-    hw_btn_ins_0_pin.add(btnPin[i]);
+    hw_btn_ins_0_pin.add(button.pin);
     JsonArray hw_btn_ins_0_macros = hw_btn_ins_0.createNestedArray("macros");
-    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(macroButton[i]);
-    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(macroLongPress[i]);
-    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(macroDoublePress[i]);
+    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(button.macroButton);
+    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(button.macroLongPress);
+    hw_btn_ins_0_macros.add(button.macroDoublePress);
   }
 
   hw_btn[F("tt")] = touchThreshold;

wled00/const.h

@@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ static_assert(WLED_MAX_BUSSES <= 32, "WLED_MAX_BUSSES exceeds hard limit");
 
 #ifndef WLED_MAX_BUTTONS
   #ifdef ESP8266
-    #define WLED_MAX_BUTTONS 2
+    #define WLED_MAX_BUTTONS 10
   #else
-    #define WLED_MAX_BUTTONS 4
+    #define WLED_MAX_BUTTONS 32
   #endif
 #else
   #if WLED_MAX_BUTTONS < 2

wled00/data/common.js

@@ -116,3 +116,62 @@ function uploadFile(fileObj, name) {
 	fileObj.value = '';
 	return false;
 }
+// connect to WebSocket, use parent WS or open new
+function connectWs(onOpen) {
+	try {
+		if (top.window.ws && top.window.ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
+			if (onOpen) onOpen();
+			return top.window.ws;
+		}
+	} catch (e) {}
+
+	getLoc(); // ensure globals (loc, locip, locproto) are up to date
+	let url = loc ? getURL('/ws').replace("http","ws") : "ws://"+window.location.hostname+"/ws";
+	let ws = new WebSocket(url);
+	ws.binaryType = "arraybuffer";
+	if (onOpen) { ws.onopen = onOpen; }
+	try { top.window.ws = ws; } catch (e) {} // store in parent for reuse
+	return ws;
+}
+
+// send LED colors to ESP using WebSocket and DDP protocol (RGB)
+// ws: WebSocket object
+// start: start pixel index
+// len: number of pixels to send
+// colors: Uint8Array with RGB values (3*len bytes)
+function sendDDP(ws, start, len, colors) {
+	if (!colors || colors.length < len * 3) return false; // not enough color data
+	let maxDDPpx = 472; // must fit into one WebSocket frame of 1428 bytes, DDP header is 10+1 bytes -> 472 RGB pixels
+	//let maxDDPpx = 172; // ESP8266: must fit into one WebSocket frame of 528 bytes -> 172 RGB pixels TODO: add support for ESP8266?
+	if (!ws || ws.readyState !== WebSocket.OPEN) return false;
+	// send in chunks of maxDDPpx
+	for (let i = 0; i < len; i += maxDDPpx) {
+		let cnt = Math.min(maxDDPpx, len - i);
+		let off = (start + i) * 3; // DDP pixel offset in bytes
+		let dLen = cnt * 3;
+		let cOff = i * 3; // offset in color buffer
+		let pkt = new Uint8Array(11 + dLen); // DDP header is 10 bytes, plus 1 byte for WLED websocket protocol indicator
+		pkt[0] = 0x02; // DDP protocol indicator for WLED websocket. Note: below DDP protocol bytes are offset by 1
+		pkt[1] = 0x40; // flags: 0x40 = no push, 0x41 = push (i.e. render), note: this is DDP protocol byte 0
+		pkt[2] = 0x00; // reserved
+		pkt[3] = 0x01; // 1 = RGB (currently only supported mode)
+		pkt[4] = 0x01; // destination id (not used but 0x01 is default output)
+		pkt[5] = (off >> 24) & 255; // DDP protocol 4-7 is offset
+		pkt[6] = (off >> 16) & 255;
+		pkt[7] = (off >> 8) & 255;
+		pkt[8] = off & 255;
+		pkt[9] = (dLen >> 8) & 255; // DDP protocol 8-9 is data length
+		pkt[10] = dLen & 255;
+		pkt.set(colors.subarray(cOff, cOff + dLen), 11);
+		if(i + cnt >= len) {
+			pkt[1] = 0x41;  //if this is last packet, set the "push" flag to render the frame
+		}
+		try {
+			ws.send(pkt.buffer);
+		} catch (e) {
+			console.error(e);
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+	return true;
+}

wled00/data/index.css

@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ input[type=range]::-moz-range-thumb {
 /* buttons */
 .btn {
 	padding: 8px;
-	/*margin: 10px 4px;*/
+	margin: 10px 4px;
 	width: 230px;
 	font-size: 19px;
 	color: var(--c-d);

wled00/data/index.js

@@ -672,7 +672,6 @@ function parseInfo(i) {
 	//syncTglRecv   = i.str;
 	maxSeg       = i.leds.maxseg;
 	pmt          = i.fs.pmt;
-	if (pcMode && !i.wifi.ap) gId('edit').classList.remove("hide"); else gId('edit').classList.add("hide");
 	gId('buttonNodes').style.display = lastinfo.ndc > 0 ? null:"none";
 	// do we have a matrix set-up
 	mw = i.leds.matrix ? i.leds.matrix.w : 0;
@@ -694,6 +693,8 @@ function parseInfo(i) {
 //		gId("filterVol").classList.add("hide"); hideModes(" ♪"); // hide volume reactive effects
 //		gId("filterFreq").classList.add("hide"); hideModes(" ♫"); // hide frequency reactive effects
 //	}
+	// Check for version upgrades on page load
+	checkVersionUpgrade(i);
 }
 
 //https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2592092/executing-script-elements-inserted-with-innerhtml
@@ -3151,7 +3152,6 @@ function togglePcMode(fromB = false)
 	if (!fromB && ((wW < 1024 && lastw < 1024) || (wW >= 1024 && lastw >= 1024))) return; // no change in size and called from size()
 	if (pcMode) openTab(0, true);
 	gId('buttonPcm').className = (pcMode) ? "active":"";
-	if (pcMode && !ap) gId('edit').classList.remove("hide"); else gId('edit').classList.add("hide");
 	gId('bot').style.height = (pcMode && !cfg.comp.pcmbot) ? "0":"auto";
 	sCol('--bh', gId('bot').clientHeight + "px");
 	_C.style.width = (pcMode || simplifiedUI)?'100%':'400%';
@@ -3306,6 +3306,209 @@ function simplifyUI() {
 	gId("btns").style.display = "none";
 }
 
+// Version reporting feature
+var versionCheckDone = false;
+
+function checkVersionUpgrade(info) {
+	// Only check once per page load
+	if (versionCheckDone) return;
+	versionCheckDone = true;
+
+	// Suppress feature if in AP mode (no internet connection available)
+	if (info.wifi && info.wifi.ap) return;
+
+	// Fetch version-info.json using existing /edit endpoint
+	fetch(getURL('/edit?func=edit&path=/version-info.json'), {
+		method: 'get'
+	})
+		.then(res => {
+			if (res.status === 404) {
+				// File doesn't exist - first install, show install prompt
+				showVersionUpgradePrompt(info, null, info.ver);
+				return null;
+			}
+			if (!res.ok) {
+				throw new Error('Failed to fetch version-info.json');
+			}
+			return res.json();
+		})
+		.then(versionInfo => {
+			if (!versionInfo) return; // 404 case already handled
+
+			// Check if user opted out
+			if (versionInfo.neverAsk) return;
+
+			// Check if version has changed
+			const currentVersion = info.ver;
+			const storedVersion = versionInfo.version || '';
+
+			if (storedVersion && storedVersion !== currentVersion) {
+				// Version has changed
+				if (versionInfo.alwaysReport) {
+					// Automatically report if user opted in for always reporting
+					reportUpgradeEvent(info, storedVersion);
+				} else {
+					// Show upgrade prompt
+					showVersionUpgradePrompt(info, storedVersion, currentVersion);
+				}
+			} else if (!storedVersion) {
+				// Empty version in file, show install prompt
+				showVersionUpgradePrompt(info, null, currentVersion);
+			}
+		})
+		.catch(e => {
+			console.log('Failed to load version-info.json', e);
+			// On error, save current version for next time
+			if (info && info.ver) {
+				updateVersionInfo(info.ver, false, false);
+			}
+		});
+}
+
+function showVersionUpgradePrompt(info, oldVersion, newVersion) {
+	// Determine if this is an install or upgrade
+	const isInstall = !oldVersion;
+
+	// Create overlay and dialog
+	const overlay = d.createElement('div');
+	overlay.id = 'versionUpgradeOverlay';
+	overlay.style.cssText = 'position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,0.7);z-index:10000;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;';
+
+	const dialog = d.createElement('div');
+	dialog.style.cssText = 'background:var(--c-1);border-radius:10px;padding:25px;max-width:500px;margin:20px;box-shadow:0 4px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);';
+
+	// Build contextual message based on install vs upgrade
+	const title = isInstall
+		? '🎉 Thank you for installing WLED!'
+		: '🎉 WLED Upgrade Detected!';
+
+	const description = isInstall
+		? `You are now running WLED <strong style="text-wrap: nowrap">${newVersion}</strong>.`
+		: `Your WLED has been upgraded from <strong style="text-wrap: nowrap">${oldVersion}</strong> to <strong style="text-wrap: nowrap">${newVersion}</strong>.`;
+
+	const question = 'Help make WLED better by sharing hardware details like chip type and LED count? This helps us understand how WLED is used and prioritize features — we never collect personal data or your activities.'
+
+	dialog.innerHTML = `
+		<h2 style="margin-top:0;color:var(--c-f);">${title}</h2>
+		<p style="color:var(--c-f);">${description}</p>
+		<p style="color:var(--c-f);">${question}</p>
+		<p style="color:var(--c-f);font-size:0.9em;">
+			<a href="https://kno.wled.ge/about/privacy-policy/" target="_blank" style="color:var(--c-6);">Learn more about what data is collected and why</a>
+		</p>
+		<div style="margin-top:20px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;">
+			<button id="versionReportYes" class="btn">Yes</button>
+			<button id="versionReportAlways" class="btn">Yes, Always</button>
+			<button id="versionReportNo" class="btn">Not Now</button>
+			<button id="versionReportNever" class="btn">Never Ask</button>
+		</div>
+	`;
+
+	overlay.appendChild(dialog);
+	d.body.appendChild(overlay);
+
+	// Add event listeners
+	gId('versionReportYes').addEventListener('click', () => {
+		reportUpgradeEvent(info, oldVersion);
+		d.body.removeChild(overlay);
+	});
+
+	gId('versionReportAlways').addEventListener('click', () => {
+		reportUpgradeEvent(info, oldVersion, true); // Pass true for alwaysReport
+		d.body.removeChild(overlay);
+		showToast('Thank you! Future upgrades will be reported automatically.');
+	});
+
+	gId('versionReportNo').addEventListener('click', () => {
+		// Don't update version, will ask again on next load
+		d.body.removeChild(overlay);
+	});
+
+	gId('versionReportNever').addEventListener('click', () => {
+		updateVersionInfo(newVersion, true, false);
+		d.body.removeChild(overlay);
+		showToast('You will not be asked again.');
+	});
+}
+
+function reportUpgradeEvent(info, oldVersion, alwaysReport) {
+	showToast('Reporting upgrade...');
+
+	// Fetch fresh data from /json/info endpoint as requested
+	fetch(getURL('/json/info'), {
+		method: 'get'
+	})
+		.then(res => res.json())
+		.then(infoData => {
+			// Map to UpgradeEventRequest structure per OpenAPI spec
+			// Required fields: deviceId, version, previousVersion, releaseName, chip, ledCount, isMatrix, bootloaderSHA256
+			const upgradeData = {
+				deviceId: infoData.deviceId,                     // Use anonymous unique device ID
+				version: infoData.ver || '',                     // Current version string
+				previousVersion: oldVersion || '',               // Previous version from version-info.json
+				releaseName: infoData.release || '',             // Release name (e.g., "WLED 0.15.0")
+				chip: infoData.arch || '',                       // Chip architecture (esp32, esp8266, etc)
+				ledCount: infoData.leds ? infoData.leds.count : 0,  // Number of LEDs
+				isMatrix: !!(infoData.leds && infoData.leds.matrix),  // Whether it's a 2D matrix setup
+				bootloaderSHA256: infoData.bootloaderSHA256 || '',   // Bootloader SHA256 hash
+				brand: infoData.brand,                           // Device brand (always present)
+				product: infoData.product,                       // Product name (always present)
+				flashSize: infoData.flash                        // Flash size (always present)
+			};
+
+			// Add optional fields if available
+			if (infoData.psram !== undefined) upgradeData.psramSize = Math.round(infoData.psram / (1024 * 1024));  // convert bytes to MB
+			// Note: partitionSizes not currently available in /json/info endpoint
+
+			// Make AJAX call to postUpgradeEvent API
+			return fetch('https://usage.wled.me/api/usage/upgrade', {
+				method: 'POST',
+				headers: {
+					'Content-Type': 'application/json'
+				},
+				body: JSON.stringify(upgradeData)
+			});
+		})
+		.then(res => {
+			if (res.ok) {
+				showToast('Thank you for reporting!');
+				updateVersionInfo(info.ver, false, !!alwaysReport);
+			} else {
+				showToast('Report failed. Please try again later.', true);
+				// Do NOT update version info on failure - user will be prompted again
+			}
+		})
+		.catch(e => {
+			console.log('Failed to report upgrade', e);
+			showToast('Report failed. Please try again later.', true);
+			// Do NOT update version info on error - user will be prompted again
+		});
+}
+
+function updateVersionInfo(version, neverAsk, alwaysReport) {
+	const versionInfo = {
+		version: version,
+		neverAsk: neverAsk,
+		alwaysReport: !!alwaysReport
+	};
+
+	// Create a Blob with JSON content and use /upload endpoint
+	const blob = new Blob([JSON.stringify(versionInfo)], {type: 'application/json'});
+	const formData = new FormData();
+	formData.append('data', blob, 'version-info.json');
+
+	fetch(getURL('/upload'), {
+		method: 'POST',
+		body: formData
+	})
+		.then(res => res.text())
+		.then(data => {
+			console.log('Version info updated', data);
+		})
+		.catch(e => {
+			console.log('Failed to update version-info.json', e);
+		});
+}
+
 size();
 _C.style.setProperty('--n', N);
 

wled00/data/liveview.htm

@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
       position: absolute;
     }
   </style>
+  <script src="common.js"></script>
   <script>
-    var d = document;
     var ws;
     var tmout = null;
     var c;
@@ -62,32 +62,14 @@
       if (window.location.href.indexOf("?ws") == -1) {update(); return;}
 
       // Initialize WebSocket connection
-      try {
-        ws = top.window.ws;
-      } catch (e) {}
-      if (ws && ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
-        //console.info("Peek uses top WS");
-        ws.send("{'lv':true}");
-      } else {
-        //console.info("Peek WS opening");
-        let l = window.location;
-        let pathn = l.pathname;
-        let paths = pathn.slice(1,pathn.endsWith('/')?-1:undefined).split("/");
-        let url = l.origin.replace("http","ws");
-        if (paths.length > 1) {
-          url +=  "/" + paths[0];
-        }
-        ws = new WebSocket(url+"/ws");
-        ws.onopen = function () {
-          //console.info("Peek WS open");
-          ws.send("{'lv':true}");
-        }
-      }
-      ws.binaryType = "arraybuffer";
+      ws = connectWs(function () {
+        //console.info("Peek WS open");
+        ws.send('{"lv":true}');
+      });
       ws.addEventListener('message', (e) => {
         try {
           if (toString.call(e.data) === '[object ArrayBuffer]') {
-            let leds = new Uint8Array(event.data);
+            let leds = new Uint8Array(e.data);
             if (leds[0] != 76) return; //'L'
             // leds[1] = 1: 1D; leds[1] = 2: 1D/2D (leds[2]=w, leds[3]=h)
             draw(leds[1]==2 ? 4 : 2, 3, leds, (a,i) => `rgb(${a[i]},${a[i+1]},${a[i+2]})`);
@@ -102,4 +84,4 @@
 <body onload="S()">
   <canvas id="canv"></canvas>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>

wled00/data/liveviewws2D.htm

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 		margin: 0;
 	}
 	</style>
+	<script src="common.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
 	<canvas id="canv"></canvas>
@@ -26,30 +27,13 @@
 		var ctx = c.getContext('2d');
 		if (ctx) { // Access the rendering context
 			// use parent WS or open new
-			var ws;
-			try {
-				ws = top.window.ws;
-			} catch (e) {}
-			if (ws && ws.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
-				ws.send("{'lv':true}");
-			} else {
-				let l = window.location;
-				let pathn = l.pathname;
-				let paths = pathn.slice(1,pathn.endsWith('/')?-1:undefined).split("/");
-				let url = l.origin.replace("http","ws");
-				if (paths.length > 1) {
-					url +=  "/" + paths[0];
-				}
-				ws = new WebSocket(url+"/ws");
-				ws.onopen = ()=>{
-					ws.send("{'lv':true}");
-				}
-			}
-			ws.binaryType = "arraybuffer";
+			var ws = connectWs(()=>{
+				ws.send('{"lv":true}');
+			});
 			ws.addEventListener('message',(e)=>{
 				try {
 					if (toString.call(e.data) === '[object ArrayBuffer]') {
-						let leds = new Uint8Array(event.data);
+						let leds = new Uint8Array(e.data);
 						if (leds[0] != 76 || leds[1] != 2 || !ctx) return; //'L', set in ws.cpp
 						let mW = leds[2]; // matrix width
 						let mH = leds[3]; // matrix height

wled00/data/settings_leds.htm

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 	<title>LED Settings</title>
 	<script src="common.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 	<script>
-		var maxB=1,maxD=1,maxA=1,maxV=0,maxM=4000,maxPB=2048,maxL=1664,maxCO=5; //maximum bytes for LED allocation: 4kB for 8266, 32kB for 32
+		var maxB=1,maxD=1,maxA=1,maxV=0,maxM=4000,maxPB=2048,maxL=1664,maxCO=5,maxBT=4; //maximum bytes for LED allocation: 4kB for 8266, 32kB for 32
 		var customStarts=false,startsDirty=[];
 		function off(n)    { gN(n).value = -1;}
 		// these functions correspond to C macros found in const.h
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 			});	// If we set async false, file is loaded and executed, then next statement is processed
 			if (loc) d.Sf.action = getURL('/settings/leds');
 		}
-		function bLimits(b,v,p,m,l,o=5,d=2,a=6) {
+		function bLimits(b,v,p,m,l,o=5,d=2,a=6,n=4) {
 			maxB  = b; // maxB - max physical (analog + digital) buses: 32 - ESP32, 14 - S3/S2, 6 - C3, 4 - 8266
 			maxV  = v; // maxV - min virtual buses: 6 - ESP32/S3, 4 - S2/C3, 3 - ESP8266 (only used to distinguish S2/S3)
 			maxPB = p; // maxPB - max LEDs per bus
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 			maxCO = o; // maxCO - max Color Order mappings
 			maxD  = d; // maxD - max digital channels (can be changed if using ESP32 parallel I2S): 16 - ESP32, 12 - S3/S2, 2 - C3, 3 - 8266
 			maxA  = a; // maxA - max analog channels: 16 - ESP32, 8 - S3/S2, 6 - C3, 5 - 8266
+			maxBT = n; // maxBT - max buttons
 		}
 		function is8266() { return maxA ==  5 && maxD ==  3; } // NOTE: see const.h
 		function is32()   { return maxA == 16 && maxD == 16; } // NOTE: see const.h
@@ -267,10 +268,10 @@
 			}
 
 			// enable/disable LED fields
+			updateTypeDropdowns(); // restrict bus types in dropdowns to max allowed digital/analog buses
 			let dC = 0; // count of digital buses (for parallel I2S)
 			let LTs = d.Sf.querySelectorAll("#mLC select[name^=LT]");
 			LTs.forEach((s,i)=>{
-				if (i < LTs.length-1) s.disabled = true; // prevent changing type (as we can't update options)
 				// is the field a LED type?
 				var n = s.name.substring(2,3); // bus number (0-Z)
 				var t = parseInt(s.value);
@@ -447,17 +448,8 @@
 		{
 			var o = gEBCN("iST");
 			var i = o.length;
-			let disable = (sel,opt) => { sel.querySelectorAll(opt).forEach((o)=>{o.disabled=true;}); }
 
 			var f = gId("mLC");
-			let digitalB = 0, analogB = 0, twopinB = 0, virtB = 0;
-			f.querySelectorAll("select[name^=LT]").forEach((s)=>{
-				let t = s.value;
-				if (isDig(t) && !isD2P(t)) digitalB++;
-				if (isD2P(t)) twopinB++;
-				if (isPWM(t)) analogB += numPins(t); // each GPIO is assigned to a channel
-				if (isVir(t)) virtB++;
-			});
 
 			if ((n==1 && i>=36) || (n==-1 && i==0)) return; // used to be i>=maxB+maxV when virtual buses were limited (now :"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ")
 			var s = chrID(i);
@@ -467,7 +459,7 @@
 				var cn = `<div class="iST">
 <hr class="sml">
 ${i+1}:
-<select name="LT${s}" onchange="UI(true)"></select><br>
+<select name="LT${s}" onchange="updateTypeDropdowns();UI(true)"></select><br>
 <div id="abl${s}">
 mA/LED: <select name="LAsel${s}" onchange="enLA(this,'${s}');UI();">
 <option value="55" selected>55mA (typ. 5V WS281x)</option>
@@ -522,18 +514,15 @@ mA/LED: <select name="LAsel${s}" onchange="enLA(this,'${s}');UI();">
 					}
 				});
 				enLA(d.Sf["LAsel"+s],s); // update LED mA
-				// disable inappropriate LED types
+				// temporarily set to virtual (network) type to avoid "same type" exception during dropdown update
 				let sel = d.getElementsByName("LT"+s)[0];
-				// 32 & S2 supports mono I2S as well as parallel so we need to take that into account; S3 only supports parallel
-				let maxDB = maxD - (is32() || isS2() || isS3() ? (!d.Sf["PR"].checked)*8 - (!isS3()) : 0); // adjust max digital buses if parallel I2S is not used
-				if (digitalB >= maxDB) disable(sel,'option[data-type="D"]'); // NOTE: see isDig()
-				if (twopinB  >= 2)     disable(sel,'option[data-type="2P"]'); // NOTE: see isD2P() (we will only allow 2 2pin buses)
-				disable(sel,`option[data-type^="${'A'.repeat(maxA-analogB+1)}"]`); // NOTE: see isPWM()
+				sel.value = sel.querySelector('option[data-type="N"]').value;
+				updateTypeDropdowns(); // update valid bus options including this new one
 				sel.selectedIndex = sel.querySelector('option:not(:disabled)').index;
+				updateTypeDropdowns(); // update again for the newly selected type
 			}
 			if (n==-1) {
 				o[--i].remove();--i;
-				o[i].querySelector("[name^=LT]").disabled = false;
 			}
 
 			gId("+").style.display = (i<35) ? "inline":"none"; // was maxB+maxV-1 when virtual buses were limited (now :"0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ")
@@ -600,9 +589,9 @@ Swap: <select id="xw${s}" name="XW${s}">
 		}
 
 		function addBtn(i,p,t) {
-			var c = gId("btns").innerHTML;
+			var b = gId("btns");
 			var s = chrID(i);
-			c += `Button ${i} GPIO: <input type="number" name="BT${s}" onchange="UI()" class="xs" value="${p}">`;
+			var c = `<div id="btn${i}">#${i} GPIO: <input type="number" name="BT${s}" onchange="UI()" min="-1" max="${d.max_gpio}" class="xs" value="${p}">`;
 			c += `&nbsp;<select name="BE${s}">`
 			c += `<option value="0" ${t==0?"selected":""}>Disabled</option>`;
 			c += `<option value="2" ${t==2?"selected":""}>Pushbutton</option>`;
@@ -614,8 +603,24 @@ Swap: <select id="xw${s}" name="XW${s}">
 			c += `<option value="8" ${t==8?"selected":""}>Analog inverted</option>`;
 			c += `<option value="9" ${t==9?"selected":""}>Touch (switch)</option>`;
 			c += `</select>`;
-			c += `<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="off('BT${s}')">&nbsp;&#x2715;</span><br>`;
-			gId("btns").innerHTML = c;
+			c += `<span style="cursor: pointer;" onclick="off('BT${s}')">&nbsp;&#x2715;</span><br></div>`;
+			b.insertAdjacentHTML("beforeend", c);
+			btnBtn();
+			pinDropdowns();
+			UI();
+		}
+		function remBtn() {
+			var b = gId("btns");
+			if (b.children.length <= 1) return;
+			b.lastElementChild.remove();
+			btnBtn();
+			pinDropdowns();
+			UI();
+		}
+		function btnBtn() {
+			var b = gId("btns");
+			gId("btn_rem").style.display = (b.children.length > 1) ? "inline" : "none";
+			gId("btn_add").style.display = (b.children.length < maxBT) ? "inline" : "none";
 		}
 		function tglSi(cs) {
 			customStarts = cs;
@@ -812,6 +817,34 @@ Swap: <select id="xw${s}" name="XW${s}">
 			}
 			return opt;
 		}
+		// dynamically enforce bus type availability based on current usage
+		function updateTypeDropdowns() {
+			let LTs = d.Sf.querySelectorAll("#mLC select[name^=LT]");
+			let digitalB = 0, analogB = 0, twopinB = 0, virtB = 0;
+			// count currently used buses
+			LTs.forEach(sel => {
+				let t = parseInt(sel.value);
+				if (isDig(t) && !isD2P(t)) digitalB++;
+				if (isPWM(t)) analogB += numPins(t);
+				if (isD2P(t)) twopinB++;
+				if (isVir(t)) virtB++;
+			});
+			// enable/disable type options according to limits in dropdowns
+			LTs.forEach(sel => {
+				const curType = parseInt(sel.value);
+				const disable = (q) => sel.querySelectorAll(q).forEach(o => o.disabled = true);
+				const enable  = (q) => sel.querySelectorAll(q).forEach(o => o.disabled = false);
+				enable('option'); // reset all first
+				// max digital buses: ESP32 & S2 support mono I2S as well as parallel so we need to take that into account; S3 only supports parallel
+				// supported outputs using parallel I2S/mono I2S: S2: 12/5, S3: 12/4, ESP32: 16/9
+				let maxDB = maxD - ((is32() || isS2() || isS3()) ? (!d.Sf["PR"].checked) * 8 - (!isS3()) : 0); // adjust max digital buses if parallel I2S is not used
+				// disallow adding more of a type that has reached its limit but allow changing the current type
+				if (digitalB >= maxDB && !(isDig(curType) && !isD2P(curType))) disable('option[data-type="D"]');
+				if (twopinB >= 2 && !isD2P(curType)) disable('option[data-type="2P"]');
+				// Disable PWM types that need more pins than available (accounting for current type's pins if PWM)
+				disable(`option[data-type^="${'A'.repeat(maxA - analogB + (isPWM(curType)?numPins(curType):0) + 1)}"]`);
+			});
+		}
 	</script>
 	<style>@import url("style.css");</style>
 </head>
@@ -867,10 +900,16 @@ Swap: <select id="xw${s}" name="XW${s}">
 			<div id="com_entries"></div>
 			<hr class="sml">
 			<button type="button" id="com_add" onclick="addCOM()">+</button>
-			<button type="button" id="com_rem" onclick="remCOM()">-</button><br>
+			<button type="button" id="com_rem" onclick="remCOM()">-</button>
 		</div>
 		<hr class="sml">
-		<div id="btns"></div>
+		<div id="btn_wrap">
+			Buttons:
+			<div id="btns"></div>
+			<hr class="sml">
+			<button type="button" id="btn_add" onclick="addBtn(gId('btns').children.length,-1,0)">+</button>
+			<button type="button" id="btn_rem" onclick="remBtn()">-</button>
+		</div>
 		Disable internal pull-up/down: <input type="checkbox" name="IP"><br>
 		Touch threshold: <input type="number" class="s" min="0" max="100" name="TT" required><br>
 		<hr class="sml">

wled00/data/update.htm

@@ -17,26 +17,65 @@
 			}
 			window.open(getURL("/update?revert"),"_self");
 		}
-		function GetV() {/*injected values here*/}
+		function GetV() {
+			// Fetch device info via JSON API instead of compiling it in
+			fetch('/json/info')
+				.then(response => response.json())
+				.then(data => {
+					document.querySelector('.installed-version').textContent = `${data.brand} ${data.ver} (${data.vid})`;
+					document.querySelector('.release-name').textContent = data.release;
+					// TODO - assemble update URL
+					// TODO - can this be done at build time?
+					if (data.arch == "esp8266") {
+						toggle('rev');
+					}
+					const isESP32 = data.arch && (data.arch.toLowerCase() === 'esp32' || data.arch.toLowerCase() === 'esp32-s2');
+					if (isESP32) {
+						gId('bootloader-section').style.display = 'block';
+						if (data.bootloaderSHA256) {
+							gId('bootloader-hash').innerText = 'Current bootloader SHA256: ' + data.bootloaderSHA256;
+						}
+					}
+				})
+				.catch(error => {
+					console.log('Could not fetch device info:', error);
+					// Fallback to compiled-in value if API call fails
+					document.querySelector('.installed-version').textContent = 'Unknown';
+					document.querySelector('.release-name').textContent = 'Unknown';
+				});
+		}
 	</script>
 	<style>
 		@import url("style.css");
 	</style>
 </head>
-
-<body onload="GetV()">
+<body onload="GetV();">
 	<h2>WLED Software Update</h2>
 	<form method='POST' action='./update' id='upd' enctype='multipart/form-data' onsubmit="toggle('upd')">
-		Installed version: <span class="sip">WLED ##VERSION##</span><br>
+		Installed version: <span class="sip installed-version">Loading...</span><br>
+		Release: <span class="sip release-name">Loading...</span><br>
 		Download the latest binary: <a href="https://github.com/wled-dev/WLED/releases" target="_blank" 
 		style="vertical-align: text-bottom; display: inline-flex;">
 		<img src="https://img.shields.io/github/release/wled-dev/WLED.svg?style=flat-square"></a><br>
+		<input type="hidden" name="skipValidation" value="" id="sV">
 		<input type='file' name='update' required><br> <!--should have accept='.bin', but it prevents file upload from android app-->
+		<input type='checkbox' onchange="sV.value=checked?1:''" id="skipValidation">
+		<label for='skipValidation'>Ignore firmware validation</label><br>
 		<button type="submit">Update!</button><br>
 		<hr class="sml">
 		<button id="rev" type="button" onclick="cR()">Revert update</button><br>
 		<button type="button" onclick="B()">Back</button>
 	</form>
+	<div id="bootloader-section" style="display:none;">
+		<hr class="sml">
+		<h2>ESP32 Bootloader Update</h2>
+		<div id="bootloader-hash" class="sip" style="margin-bottom:8px;"></div>
+		<form method='POST' action='./updatebootloader' id='bootupd' enctype='multipart/form-data' onsubmit="toggle('bootupd')">
+			<b>Warning:</b> Only upload verified ESP32 bootloader files!<br>
+			<input type='file' name='update' required><br>
+			<button type="submit">Update Bootloader</button>
+		</form>
+	</div>
 	<div id="Noupd" class="hide"><b>Updating...</b><br>Please do not close or refresh the page :)</div>
 </body>
 </html>

wled00/dmx_input.cpp

@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ static dmx_config_t createConfig()
   config.software_version_id = VERSION;
   strcpy(config.device_label, "WLED_MM");
 
-  const std::string versionString = "WLED_V" + std::to_string(VERSION);
-  strncpy(config.software_version_label, versionString.c_str(), 32);
+  const std::string dmxWledVersionString = "WLED_V" + std::to_string(VERSION);
+  strncpy(config.software_version_label, dmxWledVersionString.c_str(), 32);
   config.software_version_label[32] = '\0'; // zero termination in case versionString string was longer than 32 chars
 
   config.personalities[0].description = "SINGLE_RGB";

wled00/e131.cpp

@@ -30,11 +30,19 @@ void handleDDPPacket(e131_packet_t* p) {
 
   uint32_t start =  htonl(p->channelOffset) / ddpChannelsPerLed;
   start += DMXAddress / ddpChannelsPerLed;
-  unsigned stop = start + htons(p->dataLen) / ddpChannelsPerLed;
+  uint16_t dataLen = htons(p->dataLen);
+  unsigned stop = start + dataLen / ddpChannelsPerLed;
   uint8_t* data = p->data;
   unsigned c = 0;
   if (p->flags & DDP_TIMECODE_FLAG) c = 4; //packet has timecode flag, we do not support it, but data starts 4 bytes later
 
+  unsigned numLeds = stop - start; // stop >= start is guaranteed
+  unsigned maxDataIndex = c + numLeds * ddpChannelsPerLed; // validate bounds before accessing data array
+  if (maxDataIndex > dataLen) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("DDP packet data bounds exceeded, rejecting."));
+    return;
+  }
+
   if (realtimeMode != REALTIME_MODE_DDP) ddpSeenPush = false; // just starting, no push yet
   realtimeLock(realtimeTimeoutMs, REALTIME_MODE_DDP);
 
@@ -414,7 +422,7 @@ void prepareArtnetPollReply(ArtPollReply *reply) {
 
   reply->reply_port = ARTNET_DEFAULT_PORT;
 
-  char * numberEnd = versionString;
+  char * numberEnd = (char*) versionString; // strtol promises not to try to edit this.
   reply->reply_version_h = (uint8_t)strtol(numberEnd, &numberEnd, 10);
   numberEnd++;
   reply->reply_version_l = (uint8_t)strtol(numberEnd, &numberEnd, 10);

wled00/fcn_declare.h

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ void IRAM_ATTR touchButtonISR();
 bool backupConfig();
 bool restoreConfig();
 bool verifyConfig();
+bool configBackupExists();
 void resetConfig();
 bool deserializeConfig(JsonObject doc, bool fromFS = false);
 bool deserializeConfigFromFS();
@@ -103,6 +104,7 @@ inline bool readObjectFromFile(const String &file, const char* key, JsonDocument
 bool copyFile(const char* src_path, const char* dst_path);
 bool backupFile(const char* filename);
 bool restoreFile(const char* filename);
+bool checkBackupExists(const char* filename);
 bool validateJsonFile(const char* filename);
 void dumpFilesToSerial();
 
@@ -399,6 +401,8 @@ uint8_t extractModeSlider(uint8_t mode, uint8_t slider, char *dest, uint8_t maxL
 int16_t extractModeDefaults(uint8_t mode, const char *segVar);
 void checkSettingsPIN(const char *pin);
 uint16_t crc16(const unsigned char* data_p, size_t length);
+String computeSHA1(const String& input);
+String getDeviceId();
 uint16_t beatsin88_t(accum88 beats_per_minute_88, uint16_t lowest = 0, uint16_t highest = 65535, uint32_t timebase = 0, uint16_t phase_offset = 0);
 uint16_t beatsin16_t(accum88 beats_per_minute, uint16_t lowest = 0, uint16_t highest = 65535, uint32_t timebase = 0, uint16_t phase_offset = 0);
 uint8_t beatsin8_t(accum88 beats_per_minute, uint8_t lowest = 0, uint8_t highest = 255, uint32_t timebase = 0, uint8_t phase_offset = 0);
@@ -539,7 +543,6 @@ void handleSerial();
 void updateBaudRate(uint32_t rate);
 
 //wled_server.cpp
-void createEditHandler(bool enable);
 void initServer();
 void serveMessage(AsyncWebServerRequest* request, uint16_t code, const String& headl, const String& subl="", byte optionT=255);
 void serveJsonError(AsyncWebServerRequest* request, uint16_t code, uint16_t error);

wled00/file.cpp

@@ -557,6 +557,12 @@ bool restoreFile(const char* filename) {
   return false;
 }
 
+bool checkBackupExists(const char* filename) {
+  char backupname[32];
+  snprintf_P(backupname, sizeof(backupname), s_backup_fmt, filename + 1); // skip leading '/' in filename
+  return WLED_FS.exists(backupname);
+}
+
 bool validateJsonFile(const char* filename) {
   if (!WLED_FS.exists(filename)) return false;
   File file = WLED_FS.open(filename, "r");

wled00/image_loader.cpp

@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
  * Functions to render images from filesystem to segments, used by the "Image" effect
  */
 
-File file;
-char lastFilename[34] = "/";
-GifDecoder<320,320,12,true> decoder;
-bool gifDecodeFailed = false;
-unsigned long lastFrameDisplayTime = 0, currentFrameDelay = 0;
+static File file;
+static char lastFilename[WLED_MAX_SEGNAME_LEN+2] = "/"; // enough space for "/" + seg.name + '\0'
+static GifDecoder<320,320,12,true> decoder;  // this creates the basic object; parameter lzwMaxBits is not used; decoder.alloc() always allocated "everything else" = 24Kb 
+static bool gifDecodeFailed = false;
+static unsigned long lastFrameDisplayTime = 0, currentFrameDelay = 0;
 
 bool fileSeekCallback(unsigned long position) {
   return file.seek(position);
@@ -35,29 +35,62 @@ int fileSizeCallback(void) {
   return file.size();
 }
 
-bool openGif(const char *filename) {
+bool openGif(const char *filename) {  // side-effect: updates "file"
   file = WLED_FS.open(filename, "r");
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("opening GIF file %s\n"), filename);
 
   if (!file) return false;
   return true;
 }
 
-Segment* activeSeg;
-uint16_t gifWidth, gifHeight;
+static Segment* activeSeg;
+static uint16_t gifWidth, gifHeight;
+static int lastCoordinate; // last coordinate (x+y) that was set, used to reduce redundant pixel writes
+static uint16_t perPixelX, perPixelY; // scaling factors when upscaling
 
 void screenClearCallback(void) {
   activeSeg->fill(0);
 }
 
-void updateScreenCallback(void) {}
+// this callback runs when the decoder has finished painting all pixels
+void updateScreenCallback(void) {
+  // perfect time for adding blur
+  if (activeSeg->intensity > 1) {
+    uint8_t blurAmount = activeSeg->intensity;
+    if ((blurAmount < 24) && (activeSeg->is2D())) activeSeg->blurRows(activeSeg->intensity);  // some blur - fast
+    else activeSeg->blur(blurAmount);                                                         // more blur - slower
+  }
+  lastCoordinate = -1; // invalidate last position
+}
 
-void drawPixelCallback(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
-  // simple nearest-neighbor scaling 
-  int16_t outY = y * activeSeg->height() / gifHeight;
-  int16_t outX = x * activeSeg->width()  / gifWidth;
+// note: GifDecoder drawing is done top right to bottom left, line by line
+
+// callbacks to draw a pixel at (x,y) without scaling: used if GIF size matches (virtual)segment size (faster) works for 1D and 2D segments
+void drawPixelCallbackNoScale(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
+  activeSeg->setPixelColor(y * gifWidth + x, red, green, blue);
+}
+
+void drawPixelCallback1D(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
+  // 1D strip: load pixel-by-pixel left to right, top to bottom (0/0 = top-left in gifs)
+  int totalImgPix = (int)gifWidth * gifHeight;
+  int start =  ((int)y * gifWidth + (int)x) * activeSeg->vLength() / totalImgPix; // simple nearest-neighbor scaling
+  if (start == lastCoordinate) return; // skip setting same coordinate again
+  lastCoordinate = start;
+  for (int i = 0; i < perPixelX; i++) {
+    activeSeg->setPixelColor(start + i, red, green, blue);
+  }
+}
+
+void drawPixelCallback2D(int16_t x, int16_t y, uint8_t red, uint8_t green, uint8_t blue) {
+  // simple nearest-neighbor scaling
+  int outY = (int)y * activeSeg->vHeight() / gifHeight;
+  int outX = (int)x * activeSeg->vWidth()  / gifWidth;
+  // Pack coordinates uniquely: outY into upper 16 bits, outX into lower 16 bits
+  if (((outY << 16) | outX) == lastCoordinate) return; // skip setting same coordinate again
+  lastCoordinate = (outY << 16) | outX; // since input is a "scanline" this is sufficient to identify a "unique" coordinate
   // set multiple pixels if upscaling
-  for (int16_t i = 0; i < (activeSeg->width()+(gifWidth-1)) / gifWidth; i++) {
-    for (int16_t j = 0; j < (activeSeg->height()+(gifHeight-1)) / gifHeight; j++) {
+  for (int i = 0; i < perPixelX; i++) {
+    for (int j = 0; j < perPixelY; j++) {
       activeSeg->setPixelColorXY(outX + i, outY + j, red, green, blue);
     }
   }
@@ -79,31 +112,88 @@ byte renderImageToSegment(Segment &seg) {
   if (!seg.name) return IMAGE_ERROR_NO_NAME;
   // disable during effect transition, causes flickering, multiple allocations and depending on image, part of old FX remaining
   //if (seg.mode != seg.currentMode()) return IMAGE_ERROR_WAITING;
-  if (activeSeg && activeSeg != &seg) return IMAGE_ERROR_SEG_LIMIT; // only one segment at a time
+  if (activeSeg && activeSeg != &seg) {            // only one segment at a time
+    if (!seg.isActive()) return IMAGE_ERROR_SEG_LIMIT; // sanity check: calling segment must be active
+    if (gifDecodeFailed || !activeSeg->isActive())     // decoder failed, or last segment became inactive
+      endImagePlayback(activeSeg);                     // => allow takeover but clean up first
+    else
+      return IMAGE_ERROR_SEG_LIMIT;                
+  }
+
   activeSeg = &seg;
 
-  if (strncmp(lastFilename +1, seg.name, 32) != 0) { // segment name changed, load new image
-    strncpy(lastFilename +1, seg.name, 32);
+  if (strncmp(lastFilename +1, seg.name, WLED_MAX_SEGNAME_LEN) != 0) { // segment name changed, load new image
+    strcpy(lastFilename, "/");  // filename always starts with '/'
+    strncpy(lastFilename +1, seg.name, WLED_MAX_SEGNAME_LEN);
+    lastFilename[WLED_MAX_SEGNAME_LEN+1] ='\0';     // ensure proper string termination when segment name was truncated
     gifDecodeFailed = false;
-    if (strcmp(lastFilename + strlen(lastFilename) - 4, ".gif") != 0) {
+    size_t fnameLen = strlen(lastFilename);
+    if ((fnameLen < 4) || strcmp(lastFilename + fnameLen - 4, ".gif") != 0) { // empty segment name, name too short, or name not ending in .gif
       gifDecodeFailed = true;
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("GIF decoder unsupported file: %s\n"), lastFilename);
       return IMAGE_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_FORMAT;
     }
     if (file) file.close();
-    openGif(lastFilename);
-    if (!file) { gifDecodeFailed = true; return IMAGE_ERROR_FILE_MISSING; }
+    if (!openGif(lastFilename)) {
+      gifDecodeFailed = true;
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("GIF file not found: %s\n"), lastFilename);
+      return IMAGE_ERROR_FILE_MISSING;
+    }
+    lastCoordinate = -1;
     decoder.setScreenClearCallback(screenClearCallback);
     decoder.setUpdateScreenCallback(updateScreenCallback);
-    decoder.setDrawPixelCallback(drawPixelCallback);
+    decoder.setDrawPixelCallback(drawPixelCallbackNoScale); //  default: use "fast path" callback without scaling
     decoder.setFileSeekCallback(fileSeekCallback);
     decoder.setFilePositionCallback(filePositionCallback);
     decoder.setFileReadCallback(fileReadCallback);
     decoder.setFileReadBlockCallback(fileReadBlockCallback);
     decoder.setFileSizeCallback(fileSizeCallback);
-    decoder.alloc();
+#if __cpp_exceptions // use exception handler if we can (some targets don't support exceptions)
+    try {
+#endif
+    decoder.alloc(); // this function may throw out-of memory and cause a crash
+#if __cpp_exceptions
+    } catch (...) {  // if we arrive here, the decoder has thrown an OOM exception
+      gifDecodeFailed = true;
+      errorFlag = ERR_NORAM_PX;
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("\nGIF decoder out of memory. Please try a smaller image file.\n"));
+      return IMAGE_ERROR_DECODER_ALLOC;
+      // decoder cleanup (hi @coderabbitai): No additonal cleanup necessary - decoder.alloc() ultimately uses "new AnimatedGIF". 
+      // If new throws, no pointer is assigned, previous decoder state (if any) has already been deleted inside alloc(), so calling decoder.dealloc() here is unnecessary.
+    }
+#endif
     DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Starting decoding"));
-    if(decoder.startDecoding() < 0) { gifDecodeFailed = true; return IMAGE_ERROR_GIF_DECODE; }
+    int decoderError = decoder.startDecoding();
+    if(decoderError < 0) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("GIF Decoding error %d in startDecoding().\n"), decoderError);
+      errorFlag = ERR_NORAM_PX;
+      gifDecodeFailed = true;
+      return IMAGE_ERROR_GIF_DECODE;
+    }
     DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Decoding started"));
+    // after startDecoding, we can get GIF size, update static variables and callbacks
+    decoder.getSize(&gifWidth, &gifHeight);
+    if (gifWidth == 0 || gifHeight == 0) {  // bad gif size: prevent division by zero
+      gifDecodeFailed = true;
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Invalid GIF dimensions: %dx%d\n"), gifWidth, gifHeight);
+      return IMAGE_ERROR_GIF_DECODE;
+    }
+    if (activeSeg->is2D()) {
+      perPixelX   = (activeSeg->vWidth()  + gifWidth -1) / gifWidth;
+      perPixelY   = (activeSeg->vHeight() + gifHeight-1) / gifHeight;
+      if (activeSeg->vWidth() != gifWidth || activeSeg->vHeight() != gifHeight) {
+        decoder.setDrawPixelCallback(drawPixelCallback2D);        // use 2D callback with scaling
+        //DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("scaling image"));
+      }
+    } else {
+      int totalImgPix = (int)gifWidth * gifHeight;
+      if (totalImgPix - activeSeg->vLength() == 1) totalImgPix--; // handle off-by-one: skip last pixel instead of first (gifs constructed from 1D input pad last pixel if length is odd)
+      perPixelX   = (activeSeg->vLength() + totalImgPix-1) / totalImgPix;
+      if (totalImgPix != activeSeg->vLength()) {
+        decoder.setDrawPixelCallback(drawPixelCallback1D);        // use 1D callback with scaling
+        //DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("scaling image"));
+      }
+    }
   }
 
   if (gifDecodeFailed) return IMAGE_ERROR_PREV;
@@ -117,10 +207,12 @@ byte renderImageToSegment(Segment &seg) {
   // TODO consider handling this on FX level with a different frametime, but that would cause slow gifs to speed up during transitions
   if (millis() - lastFrameDisplayTime < wait) return IMAGE_ERROR_WAITING;
 
-  decoder.getSize(&gifWidth, &gifHeight);
-
   int result = decoder.decodeFrame(false);
-  if (result < 0) { gifDecodeFailed = true; return IMAGE_ERROR_FRAME_DECODE; }
+  if (result < 0) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("GIF Decoding error %d in decodeFrame().\n"), result);
+    gifDecodeFailed = true;
+    return IMAGE_ERROR_FRAME_DECODE;
+  }
 
   currentFrameDelay = decoder.getFrameDelay_ms();
   unsigned long tooSlowBy = (millis() - lastFrameDisplayTime) - wait; // if last frame was longer than intended, compensate
@@ -137,7 +229,8 @@ void endImagePlayback(Segment *seg) {
   decoder.dealloc();
   gifDecodeFailed = false;
   activeSeg = nullptr;
-  lastFilename[1] = '\0';
+  strcpy(lastFilename, "/");  // reset filename
+  gifWidth = gifHeight = 0;   // reset dimensions
   DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Image playback ended"));
 }
 

wled00/json.cpp

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "wled.h"
 
+
 #define JSON_PATH_STATE      1
 #define JSON_PATH_INFO       2
 #define JSON_PATH_STATE_INFO 3
@@ -51,6 +52,9 @@ namespace {
     if (a.custom1 != b.custom1)     d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
     if (a.custom2 != b.custom2)     d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
     if (a.custom3 != b.custom3)     d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
+    if (a.check1 != b.check1)       d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
+    if (a.check2 != b.check2)       d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
+    if (a.check3 != b.check3)       d |= SEG_DIFFERS_FX;
     if (a.startY != b.startY)       d |= SEG_DIFFERS_BOUNDS;
     if (a.stopY != b.stopY)         d |= SEG_DIFFERS_BOUNDS;
 
@@ -687,6 +691,7 @@ void serializeState(JsonObject root, bool forPreset, bool includeBri, bool segme
   }
 }
 
+
 void serializeInfo(JsonObject root)
 {
   root[F("ver")] = versionString;
@@ -694,6 +699,7 @@ void serializeInfo(JsonObject root)
   root[F("cn")] = F(WLED_CODENAME);
   root[F("release")] = releaseString;
   root[F("repo")] = repoString;
+  root[F("deviceId")] = getDeviceId();
 
   JsonObject leds = root.createNestedObject(F("leds"));
   leds[F("count")] = strip.getLengthTotal();
@@ -817,6 +823,9 @@ void serializeInfo(JsonObject root)
   root[F("resetReason1")] = (int)rtc_get_reset_reason(1);
   #endif
   root[F("lwip")] = 0; //deprecated
+  #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
+  root[F("bootloaderSHA256")] = getBootloaderSHA256Hex();
+  #endif
 #else
   root[F("arch")] = "esp8266";
   root[F("core")] = ESP.getCoreVersion();

wled00/ota_update.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,751 @@
+#include "ota_update.h"
+#include "wled.h"
+
+#ifdef ESP32
+#include <esp_app_format.h>
+#include <esp_ota_ops.h>
+#include <esp_flash.h>
+#include <mbedtls/sha256.h>
+#endif
+
+// Platform-specific metadata locations
+#ifdef ESP32
+constexpr size_t METADATA_OFFSET = 256;          // ESP32: metadata appears after Espressif metadata
+#define UPDATE_ERROR errorString
+
+// Bootloader is at fixed offset 0x1000 (4KB), 0x0000 (0KB), or 0x2000 (8KB), and is typically 32KB
+// Bootloader offsets for different MCUs => see https://github.com/wled/WLED/issues/5064
+#if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C6)
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_OFFSET = 0x0000; // esp32-S3, esp32-C3 and (future support) esp32-c6
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_SIZE   = 0x8000; // 32KB, typical bootloader size
+#elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32P4) || defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C5)
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_OFFSET = 0x2000; // (future support) esp32-P4 and esp32-C5
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_SIZE   = 0x8000; // 32KB, typical bootloader size
+#else
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_OFFSET = 0x1000; // esp32 and esp32-s2
+constexpr size_t BOOTLOADER_SIZE   = 0x8000; // 32KB, typical bootloader size
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(ESP8266)
+constexpr size_t METADATA_OFFSET = 0x1000;     // ESP8266: metadata appears at 4KB offset
+#define UPDATE_ERROR getErrorString
+#endif
+constexpr size_t METADATA_SEARCH_RANGE = 512;  // bytes
+
+
+/**
+ * Check if OTA should be allowed based on release compatibility using custom description
+ * @param binaryData Pointer to binary file data (not modified)
+ * @param dataSize Size of binary data in bytes
+ * @param errorMessage Buffer to store error message if validation fails 
+ * @param errorMessageLen Maximum length of error message buffer
+ * @return true if OTA should proceed, false if it should be blocked
+ */
+
+static bool validateOTA(const uint8_t* binaryData, size_t dataSize, char* errorMessage, size_t errorMessageLen) {
+  // Clear error message
+  if (errorMessage && errorMessageLen > 0) {
+    errorMessage[0] = '\0';
+  }
+
+  // Try to extract WLED structure directly from binary data
+  wled_metadata_t extractedDesc;
+  bool hasDesc = findWledMetadata(binaryData, dataSize, &extractedDesc);
+
+  if (hasDesc) {
+    return shouldAllowOTA(extractedDesc, errorMessage, errorMessageLen);
+  } else {
+    // No custom description - this could be a legacy binary
+    if (errorMessage && errorMessageLen > 0) {
+      strncpy_P(errorMessage, PSTR("This firmware file is missing compatibility metadata."), errorMessageLen - 1);
+      errorMessage[errorMessageLen - 1] = '\0';
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+struct UpdateContext {
+  // State flags
+  // FUTURE: the flags could be replaced by a state machine
+  bool replySent = false;
+  bool needsRestart = false;
+  bool updateStarted = false;
+  bool uploadComplete = false;
+  bool releaseCheckPassed = false;
+  String errorMessage;
+
+  // Buffer to hold block data across posts, if needed
+  std::vector<uint8_t> releaseMetadataBuffer;  
+};
+
+
+static void endOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  UpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<UpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  request->_tempObject = nullptr;
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("EndOTA %x --> %x (%d)\n"), (uintptr_t)request,(uintptr_t) context, context ? context->uploadComplete : 0);
+  if (context) {
+    if (context->updateStarted) {  // We initialized the update
+      // We use Update.end() because not all forms of Update() support an abort.
+      // If the upload is incomplete, Update.end(false) should error out.
+      if (Update.end(context->uploadComplete)) {
+        // Update successful!
+        #ifndef ESP8266
+        bootloopCheckOTA(); // let the bootloop-checker know there was an OTA update
+        #endif
+        doReboot = true;
+        context->needsRestart = false;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (context->needsRestart) {
+      strip.resume();
+      UsermodManager::onUpdateBegin(false);
+      #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
+      WLED::instance().enableWatchdog();
+      #endif
+    }
+    delete context;
+  }
+};
+
+static bool beginOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, UpdateContext* context)
+{
+  #ifdef ESP8266
+  Update.runAsync(true);
+  #endif  
+
+  if (Update.isRunning()) {
+      request->send(503);
+      setOTAReplied(request);
+      return false;
+  }
+
+  #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
+  WLED::instance().disableWatchdog();
+  #endif
+  UsermodManager::onUpdateBegin(true); // notify usermods that update is about to begin (some may require task de-init)
+  
+  strip.suspend();
+  backupConfig(); // backup current config in case the update ends badly
+  strip.resetSegments();  // free as much memory as you can
+  context->needsRestart = true;
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA Update Start, %x --> %x\n"), (uintptr_t)request,(uintptr_t) context);
+
+  auto skipValidationParam = request->getParam("skipValidation", true);
+  if (skipValidationParam && (skipValidationParam->value() == "1")) {
+    context->releaseCheckPassed = true;
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OTA validation skipped by user"));
+  }
+  
+  // Begin update with the firmware size from content length
+  size_t updateSize = request->contentLength() > 0 ? request->contentLength() : ((ESP.getFreeSketchSpace() - 0x1000) & 0xFFFFF000);
+  if (!Update.begin(updateSize)) {    
+    context->errorMessage = Update.UPDATE_ERROR();
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA Failed to begin: %s\n"), context->errorMessage.c_str());
+    return false;
+  }
+  
+  context->updateStarted = true;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Create an OTA context object on an AsyncWebServerRequest
+// Returns true if successful, false on failure.
+bool initOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  // Allocate update context
+  UpdateContext* context = new (std::nothrow) UpdateContext {};  
+  if (context) {
+    request->_tempObject = context;
+    request->onDisconnect([=]() { endOTA(request); });  // ensures we restart on failure
+  };
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA Update init, %x --> %x\n"), (uintptr_t)request,(uintptr_t) context);
+  return (context != nullptr);
+}
+
+void setOTAReplied(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  UpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<UpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  if (!context) return;
+  context->replySent = true;
+};
+
+// Returns pointer to error message, or nullptr if OTA was successful.
+std::pair<bool, String> getOTAResult(AsyncWebServerRequest* request) {
+  UpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<UpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  if (!context) return { true, F("OTA context unexpectedly missing") };
+  if (context->replySent) return { false, {} };
+  if (context->errorMessage.length()) return { true, context->errorMessage };
+
+  if (context->updateStarted) {
+    // Release the OTA context now.
+    endOTA(request);
+    if (Update.hasError()) {
+      return { true, Update.UPDATE_ERROR() };
+    } else {
+      return { true, {} };
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Should never happen
+  return { true, F("Internal software failure") };
+}
+
+
+
+void handleOTAData(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal)
+{
+  UpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<UpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  if (!context) return;
+
+  //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("HandleOTAData: %d %d %d\n"), index, len, isFinal);
+
+  if (context->replySent || (context->errorMessage.length())) return;
+
+  if (index == 0) {
+    if (!beginOTA(request, context)) return;
+  }
+
+  // Perform validation if we haven't done it yet and we have reached the metadata offset
+  if (!context->releaseCheckPassed && (index+len) > METADATA_OFFSET) {
+    // Current chunk contains the metadata offset
+    size_t availableDataAfterOffset = (index + len) - METADATA_OFFSET;
+
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA metadata check: %d in buffer, %d received, %d available\n"), context->releaseMetadataBuffer.size(), len, availableDataAfterOffset);
+
+    if (availableDataAfterOffset >= METADATA_SEARCH_RANGE) {
+      // We have enough data to validate, one way or another
+      const uint8_t* search_data = data;
+      size_t search_len = len;
+      
+      // If we have saved data, use that instead
+      if (context->releaseMetadataBuffer.size()) {
+        // Add this data
+        context->releaseMetadataBuffer.insert(context->releaseMetadataBuffer.end(), data, data+len);
+        search_data = context->releaseMetadataBuffer.data();
+        search_len = context->releaseMetadataBuffer.size();
+      }
+
+      // Do the checking
+      char errorMessage[128];
+      bool OTA_ok = validateOTA(search_data, search_len, errorMessage, sizeof(errorMessage));
+      
+      // Release buffer if there was one
+      context->releaseMetadataBuffer = decltype(context->releaseMetadataBuffer){};
+      
+      if (!OTA_ok) {
+        DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA declined: %s\n"), errorMessage);
+        context->errorMessage = errorMessage;
+        context->errorMessage += F(" Enable 'Ignore firmware validation' to proceed anyway.");
+        return;
+      } else {
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OTA allowed: Release compatibility check passed"));
+        context->releaseCheckPassed = true;
+      }        
+    } else {
+      // Store the data we just got for next pass
+      context->releaseMetadataBuffer.insert(context->releaseMetadataBuffer.end(), data, data+len);
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Check if validation was still pending (shouldn't happen normally)
+  // This is done before writing the last chunk, so endOTA can abort 
+  if (isFinal && !context->releaseCheckPassed) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OTA failed: Validation never completed"));
+    // Don't write the last chunk to the updater: this will trip an error later
+    context->errorMessage = F("Release check data never arrived?");
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Write chunk data to OTA update (only if release check passed or still pending)
+  if (!Update.hasError()) {
+    if (Update.write(data, len) != len) {
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("OTA write failed on chunk %zu: %s\n"), index, Update.UPDATE_ERROR());
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(isFinal) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OTA Update End"));
+    // Upload complete
+    context->uploadComplete = true;
+  }
+}
+
+void markOTAvalid() {
+  #ifndef ESP8266
+  const esp_partition_t* running = esp_ota_get_running_partition();
+  esp_ota_img_states_t ota_state;
+  if (esp_ota_get_state_partition(running, &ota_state) == ESP_OK) {
+    if (ota_state == ESP_OTA_IMG_PENDING_VERIFY) {
+      esp_ota_mark_app_valid_cancel_rollback(); // only needs to be called once, it marks the ota_state as ESP_OTA_IMG_VALID
+      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Current firmware validated"));
+    }
+  }
+  #endif
+}
+
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(WLED_DISABLE_OTA)
+// Cache for bootloader SHA256 digest as hex string
+static String bootloaderSHA256HexCache = "";
+
+// Calculate and cache the bootloader SHA256 digest as hex string
+void calculateBootloaderSHA256() {
+  if (!bootloaderSHA256HexCache.isEmpty()) return;
+
+  // Calculate SHA256
+  uint8_t sha256[32];
+  mbedtls_sha256_context ctx;
+  mbedtls_sha256_init(&ctx);
+  mbedtls_sha256_starts(&ctx, 0); // 0 = SHA256 (not SHA224)
+
+  const size_t chunkSize = 256;
+  uint8_t buffer[chunkSize];
+
+  for (uint32_t offset = 0; offset < BOOTLOADER_SIZE; offset += chunkSize) {
+    size_t readSize = min((size_t)(BOOTLOADER_SIZE - offset), chunkSize);
+    if (esp_flash_read(NULL, buffer, BOOTLOADER_OFFSET + offset, readSize) == ESP_OK) {
+      mbedtls_sha256_update(&ctx, buffer, readSize);
+    }
+  }
+
+  mbedtls_sha256_finish(&ctx, sha256);
+  mbedtls_sha256_free(&ctx);
+
+  // Convert to hex string and cache it
+  char hex[65];
+  for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
+    sprintf(hex + (i * 2), "%02x", sha256[i]);
+  }
+  hex[64] = '\0';
+  bootloaderSHA256HexCache = String(hex);
+}
+
+// Get bootloader SHA256 as hex string
+String getBootloaderSHA256Hex() {
+  calculateBootloaderSHA256();
+  return bootloaderSHA256HexCache;
+}
+
+// Invalidate cached bootloader SHA256 (call after bootloader update)
+void invalidateBootloaderSHA256Cache() {
+  bootloaderSHA256HexCache = "";
+}
+
+// Verify complete buffered bootloader using ESP-IDF validation approach
+// This matches the key validation steps from esp_image_verify() in ESP-IDF
+// Returns the actual bootloader data pointer and length via the buffer and len parameters
+bool verifyBootloaderImage(const uint8_t* &buffer, size_t &len, String* bootloaderErrorMsg) {
+  size_t availableLen = len;
+  if (!bootloaderErrorMsg) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("bootloaderErrorMsg is null"));
+    return false;
+  }
+  // ESP32 image header structure (based on esp_image_format.h)
+  // Offset 0: magic (0xE9)
+  // Offset 1: segment_count
+  // Offset 2: spi_mode
+  // Offset 3: spi_speed (4 bits) + spi_size (4 bits)
+  // Offset 4-7: entry_addr (uint32_t)
+  // Offset 8: wp_pin
+  // Offset 9-11: spi_pin_drv[3]
+  // Offset 12-13: chip_id (uint16_t, little-endian)
+  // Offset 14: min_chip_rev
+  // Offset 15-22: reserved[8]
+  // Offset 23: hash_appended
+
+  const size_t MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE = 24;
+
+  // 1. Validate minimum size for header
+  if (len < MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader too small - invalid header";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Check if the bootloader starts at offset 0x1000 (common in partition table dumps)
+  // This happens when someone uploads a complete flash dump instead of just the bootloader
+  if (len > BOOTLOADER_OFFSET + MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE &&
+      buffer[BOOTLOADER_OFFSET] == 0xE9 &&
+      buffer[0] != 0xE9) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader magic byte detected at offset 0x%04X - adjusting buffer\n"), BOOTLOADER_OFFSET);
+    // Adjust buffer pointer to start at the actual bootloader
+    buffer = buffer + BOOTLOADER_OFFSET;
+    len = len - BOOTLOADER_OFFSET;
+
+    // Re-validate size after adjustment
+    if (len < MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader at offset 0x1000 too small - invalid header";
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // 2. Magic byte check (matches esp_image_verify step 1)
+  if (buffer[0] != 0xE9) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Invalid bootloader magic byte (expected 0xE9, got 0x" + String(buffer[0], HEX) + ")";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 3. Segment count validation (matches esp_image_verify step 2)
+  uint8_t segmentCount = buffer[1];
+  if (segmentCount == 0 || segmentCount > 16) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Invalid segment count: " + String(segmentCount);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 4. SPI mode validation (basic sanity check)
+  uint8_t spiMode = buffer[2];
+  if (spiMode > 3) {  // Valid modes are 0-3 (QIO, QOUT, DIO, DOUT)
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Invalid SPI mode: " + String(spiMode);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 5. Chip ID validation (matches esp_image_verify step 3)
+  uint16_t chipId = buffer[12] | (buffer[13] << 8);  // Little-endian
+
+  // Known ESP32 chip IDs from ESP-IDF:
+  // 0x0000 = ESP32
+  // 0x0002 = ESP32-S2
+  // 0x0005 = ESP32-C3
+  // 0x0009 = ESP32-S3
+  // 0x000C = ESP32-C2
+  // 0x000D = ESP32-C6
+  // 0x0010 = ESP32-H2
+
+  #if defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32)
+    if (chipId != 0x0000) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Chip ID mismatch - expected ESP32 (0x0000), got 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2)
+    if (chipId != 0x0002) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Chip ID mismatch - expected ESP32-S2 (0x0002), got 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3)
+    if (chipId != 0x0005) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Chip ID mismatch - expected ESP32-C3 (0x0005), got 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "ESP32-C3 update not supported yet";
+    return false;
+  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3)
+    if (chipId != 0x0009) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Chip ID mismatch - expected ESP32-S3 (0x0009), got 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "ESP32-S3 update not supported yet";
+    return false;
+  #elif defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32C6)
+    if (chipId != 0x000D) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Chip ID mismatch - expected ESP32-C6 (0x000D), got 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "ESP32-C6 update not supported yet";
+    return false;
+  #else
+    // Generic validation - chip ID should be valid
+    if (chipId > 0x00FF) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Invalid chip ID: 0x" + String(chipId, HEX);
+      return false;
+    }
+   *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Unknown ESP32 target - bootloader update not supported";
+   return false;
+  #endif
+
+  // 6. Entry point validation (should be in valid memory range)
+  uint32_t entryAddr = buffer[4] | (buffer[5] << 8) | (buffer[6] << 16) | (buffer[7] << 24);
+  // ESP32 bootloader entry points are typically in IRAM range (0x40000000 - 0x40400000)
+  // or ROM range (0x40000000 and above)
+  if (entryAddr < 0x40000000 || entryAddr > 0x50000000) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Invalid entry address: 0x" + String(entryAddr, HEX);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 7. Basic segment structure validation
+  // Each segment has a header: load_addr (4 bytes) + data_len (4 bytes)
+  size_t offset = MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE;
+  size_t actualBootloaderSize = MIN_IMAGE_HEADER_SIZE;
+
+  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < segmentCount && offset + 8 <= len; i++) {
+    uint32_t segmentSize = buffer[offset + 4] | (buffer[offset + 5] << 8) |
+                           (buffer[offset + 6] << 16) | (buffer[offset + 7] << 24);
+
+    // Segment size sanity check
+    // ESP32 classic bootloader segments can be larger, C3 are smaller
+    if (segmentSize > 0x20000) {  // 128KB max per segment (very generous)
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Segment " + String(i) + " too large: " + String(segmentSize) + " bytes";
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    offset += 8 + segmentSize;  // Skip segment header and data
+  }
+
+  actualBootloaderSize = offset;
+
+  // 8. Check for appended SHA256 hash (byte 23 in header)
+  // If hash_appended != 0, there's a 32-byte SHA256 hash after the segments
+  uint8_t hashAppended = buffer[23];
+  if (hashAppended != 0) {
+    actualBootloaderSize += 32;
+    if (actualBootloaderSize > availableLen) {
+      *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader missing SHA256 trailer";
+      return false;
+    }
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader has appended SHA256 hash\n"));
+  }
+
+  // 9. The image may also have a 1-byte checksum after segments/hash
+  // Check if there's at least one more byte available
+  if (actualBootloaderSize + 1 <= availableLen) {
+    // There's likely a checksum byte
+    actualBootloaderSize += 1;
+  } else if (actualBootloaderSize > availableLen) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader truncated before checksum";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // 10. Align to 16 bytes (ESP32 requirement for flash writes)
+  // The bootloader image must be 16-byte aligned
+  if (actualBootloaderSize % 16 != 0) {
+    size_t alignedSize = ((actualBootloaderSize + 15) / 16) * 16;
+    // Make sure we don't exceed available data
+    if (alignedSize <= len) {
+      actualBootloaderSize = alignedSize;
+    }
+  }
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader validation: %d segments, actual size %d bytes (buffer size %d bytes, hash_appended=%d)\n"),
+                 segmentCount, actualBootloaderSize, len, hashAppended);
+
+  // 11. Verify we have enough data for all segments + hash + checksum
+  if (actualBootloaderSize > availableLen) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader truncated - expected at least " + String(actualBootloaderSize) + " bytes, have " + String(availableLen) + " bytes";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (offset > availableLen) {
+    *bootloaderErrorMsg = "Bootloader truncated - expected at least " + String(offset) + " bytes, have " + String(len) + " bytes";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Update len to reflect actual bootloader size (including hash and checksum, with alignment)
+  // This is critical - we must write the complete image including checksums
+  len = actualBootloaderSize;
+
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Bootloader OTA context structure
+struct BootloaderUpdateContext {
+  // State flags
+  bool replySent = false;
+  bool uploadComplete = false;
+  String errorMessage;
+
+  // Buffer to hold bootloader data
+  uint8_t* buffer = nullptr;
+  size_t bytesBuffered = 0;
+  const uint32_t bootloaderOffset = 0x1000;
+  const uint32_t maxBootloaderSize = 0x10000; // 64KB buffer size
+};
+
+// Cleanup bootloader OTA context
+static void endBootloaderOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  BootloaderUpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<BootloaderUpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  request->_tempObject = nullptr;
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("EndBootloaderOTA %x --> %x\n"), (uintptr_t)request, (uintptr_t)context);
+  if (context) {
+    if (context->buffer) {
+      free(context->buffer);
+      context->buffer = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // If update failed, restore system state
+    if (!context->uploadComplete || !context->errorMessage.isEmpty()) {
+      strip.resume();
+      #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
+      WLED::instance().enableWatchdog();
+      #endif
+    }
+
+    delete context;
+  }
+}
+
+// Initialize bootloader OTA context
+bool initBootloaderOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  if (request->_tempObject) {
+    return true; // Already initialized
+  }
+
+  BootloaderUpdateContext* context = new BootloaderUpdateContext();
+  if (!context) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Failed to allocate bootloader OTA context"));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  request->_tempObject = context;
+  request->onDisconnect([=]() { endBootloaderOTA(request); });  // ensures cleanup on disconnect
+
+  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Bootloader Update Start - initializing buffer"));
+  #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
+  WLED::instance().disableWatchdog();
+  #endif
+  lastEditTime = millis(); // make sure PIN does not lock during update
+  strip.suspend();
+  strip.resetSegments();
+
+  // Check available heap before attempting allocation
+  size_t freeHeap = getFreeHeapSize();
+  DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Free heap before bootloader buffer allocation: %d bytes (need %d bytes)\n"), freeHeap, context->maxBootloaderSize);
+
+  context->buffer = (uint8_t*)malloc(context->maxBootloaderSize);
+  if (!context->buffer) {
+    size_t freeHeapNow = getFreeHeapSize();
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Failed to allocate %d byte bootloader buffer! Free heap: %d bytes\n"), context->maxBootloaderSize, freeHeapNow);
+    context->errorMessage = "Out of memory! Free heap: " + String(freeHeapNow) + " bytes, need: " + String(context->maxBootloaderSize) + " bytes";
+    strip.resume();
+    #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
+    WLED::instance().enableWatchdog();
+    #endif
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  context->bytesBuffered = 0;
+  return true;
+}
+
+// Set bootloader OTA replied flag
+void setBootloaderOTAReplied(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  BootloaderUpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<BootloaderUpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+  if (context) {
+    context->replySent = true;
+  }
+}
+
+// Get bootloader OTA result
+std::pair<bool, String> getBootloaderOTAResult(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+  BootloaderUpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<BootloaderUpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+
+  if (!context) {
+    return std::make_pair(true, String(F("Internal error: No bootloader OTA context")));
+  }
+
+  bool needsReply = !context->replySent;
+  String errorMsg = context->errorMessage;
+
+  // If upload was successful, return empty string and trigger reboot
+  if (context->uploadComplete && errorMsg.isEmpty()) {
+    doReboot = true;
+    endBootloaderOTA(request);
+    return std::make_pair(needsReply, String());
+  }
+
+  // If there was an error, return it
+  if (!errorMsg.isEmpty()) {
+    endBootloaderOTA(request);
+    return std::make_pair(needsReply, errorMsg);
+  }
+
+  // Should never happen
+  return std::make_pair(true, String(F("Internal software failure")));
+}
+
+// Handle bootloader OTA data
+void handleBootloaderOTAData(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal) {
+  BootloaderUpdateContext* context = reinterpret_cast<BootloaderUpdateContext*>(request->_tempObject);
+
+  if (!context) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("No bootloader OTA context - ignoring data"));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!context->errorMessage.isEmpty()) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Buffer the incoming data
+  if (context->buffer && context->bytesBuffered + len <= context->maxBootloaderSize) {
+    memcpy(context->buffer + context->bytesBuffered, data, len);
+    context->bytesBuffered += len;
+    DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader buffer progress: %d / %d bytes\n"), context->bytesBuffered, context->maxBootloaderSize);
+  } else if (!context->buffer) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Bootloader buffer not allocated!"));
+    context->errorMessage = "Internal error: Bootloader buffer not allocated";
+    return;
+  } else {
+    size_t totalSize = context->bytesBuffered + len;
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Bootloader size exceeds maximum!"));
+    context->errorMessage = "Bootloader file too large: " + String(totalSize) + " bytes (max: " + String(context->maxBootloaderSize) + " bytes)";
+    return;
+  }
+
+  // Only write to flash when upload is complete
+  if (isFinal) {
+    DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Bootloader Upload Complete - validating and flashing"));
+
+    if (context->buffer && context->bytesBuffered > 0) {
+      // Prepare pointers for verification (may be adjusted if bootloader at offset)
+      const uint8_t* bootloaderData = context->buffer;
+      size_t bootloaderSize = context->bytesBuffered;
+
+      // Verify the complete bootloader image before flashing
+      // Note: verifyBootloaderImage may adjust bootloaderData pointer and bootloaderSize
+      // for validation purposes only
+      if (!verifyBootloaderImage(bootloaderData, bootloaderSize, &context->errorMessage)) {
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Bootloader validation failed!"));
+        // Error message already set by verifyBootloaderImage
+      } else {
+        // Calculate offset to write to flash
+        // If bootloaderData was adjusted (partition table detected), we need to skip it in flash too
+        size_t flashOffset = context->bootloaderOffset;
+        const uint8_t* dataToWrite = context->buffer;
+        size_t bytesToWrite = context->bytesBuffered;
+
+        // If validation adjusted the pointer, it means we have a partition table at the start
+        // In this case, we should skip writing the partition table and write bootloader at 0x1000
+        if (bootloaderData != context->buffer) {
+          // bootloaderData was adjusted - skip partition table in our data
+          size_t partitionTableSize = bootloaderData - context->buffer;
+          dataToWrite = bootloaderData;
+          bytesToWrite = bootloaderSize;
+          DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Skipping %d bytes of partition table data\n"), partitionTableSize);
+        }
+
+        DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader validation passed - writing %d bytes to flash at 0x%04X\n"),
+                       bytesToWrite, flashOffset);
+
+        // Calculate erase size (must be multiple of 4KB)
+        size_t eraseSize = ((bytesToWrite + 0xFFF) / 0x1000) * 0x1000;
+        if (eraseSize > context->maxBootloaderSize) {
+          eraseSize = context->maxBootloaderSize;
+        }
+
+        // Erase bootloader region
+        DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Erasing %d bytes at 0x%04X...\n"), eraseSize, flashOffset);
+        esp_err_t err = esp_flash_erase_region(NULL, flashOffset, eraseSize);
+        if (err != ESP_OK) {
+          DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader erase error: %d\n"), err);
+          context->errorMessage = "Flash erase failed (error code: " + String(err) + ")";
+        } else {
+          // Write the validated bootloader data to flash
+          err = esp_flash_write(NULL, dataToWrite, flashOffset, bytesToWrite);
+          if (err != ESP_OK) {
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader flash write error: %d\n"), err);
+            context->errorMessage = "Flash write failed (error code: " + String(err) + ")";
+          } else {
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Bootloader Update Success - %d bytes written to 0x%04X\n"),
+                           bytesToWrite, flashOffset);
+            // Invalidate cached bootloader hash
+            invalidateBootloaderSHA256Cache();
+            context->uploadComplete = true;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else if (context->bytesBuffered == 0) {
+      context->errorMessage = "No bootloader data received";
+    }
+  }
+}
+#endif

wled00/ota_update.h

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+//  WLED OTA update interface
+
+#include <Arduino.h>
+#ifdef ESP8266
+  #include <Updater.h>
+#else
+   #include <Update.h>
+#endif
+
+#pragma once
+
+// Platform-specific metadata locations
+#ifdef ESP32
+#define BUILD_METADATA_SECTION ".rodata_custom_desc"
+#elif defined(ESP8266)
+#define BUILD_METADATA_SECTION ".ver_number"
+#endif
+
+
+class AsyncWebServerRequest;
+
+/**
+ *  Create an OTA context object on an AsyncWebServerRequest
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @return true if allocation was successful, false if not
+ */
+bool initOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ *  Indicate to the OTA subsystem that a reply has already been generated
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ */
+void setOTAReplied(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ *  Retrieve the OTA result.
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @return bool indicating if a reply is necessary; string with error message if the update failed.
+ */
+std::pair<bool, String> getOTAResult(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ *  Process a block of OTA data.  This is a passthrough of an ArUploadHandlerFunction.
+ * Requires that initOTA be called on the handler object before any work will be done.
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @param index Offset in to uploaded file
+ * @param data New data bytes
+ * @param len Length of new data bytes
+ * @param isFinal Indicates that this is the last block
+ * @return bool indicating if a reply is necessary; string with error message if the update failed.
+ */
+void handleOTAData(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal);
+
+/**
+ * Mark currently running firmware as valid to prevent auto-rollback on reboot.
+ * This option can be enabled in some builds/bootloaders, it is an sdkconfig flag.
+ */
+void markOTAvalid();
+
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(WLED_DISABLE_OTA)
+/**
+ * Calculate and cache the bootloader SHA256 digest
+ * Reads the bootloader from flash at offset 0x1000 and computes SHA256 hash
+ */
+void calculateBootloaderSHA256();
+
+/**
+ * Get bootloader SHA256 as hex string
+ * @return String containing 64-character hex representation of SHA256 hash
+ */
+String getBootloaderSHA256Hex();
+
+/**
+ * Invalidate cached bootloader SHA256 (call after bootloader update)
+ * Forces recalculation on next call to calculateBootloaderSHA256 or getBootloaderSHA256Hex
+ */
+void invalidateBootloaderSHA256Cache();
+
+/**
+ * Verify complete buffered bootloader using ESP-IDF validation approach
+ * This matches the key validation steps from esp_image_verify() in ESP-IDF
+ * @param buffer Reference to pointer to bootloader binary data (will be adjusted if offset detected)
+ * @param len Reference to length of bootloader data (will be adjusted to actual size)
+ * @param bootloaderErrorMsg Pointer to String to store error message (must not be null)
+ * @return true if validation passed, false otherwise
+ */
+bool verifyBootloaderImage(const uint8_t* &buffer, size_t &len, String* bootloaderErrorMsg);
+
+/**
+ * Create a bootloader OTA context object on an AsyncWebServerRequest
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @return true if allocation was successful, false if not
+ */
+bool initBootloaderOTA(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ * Indicate to the bootloader OTA subsystem that a reply has already been generated
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ */
+void setBootloaderOTAReplied(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ * Retrieve the bootloader OTA result.
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @return bool indicating if a reply is necessary; string with error message if the update failed.
+ */
+std::pair<bool, String> getBootloaderOTAResult(AsyncWebServerRequest *request);
+
+/**
+ * Process a block of bootloader OTA data. This is a passthrough of an ArUploadHandlerFunction.
+ * Requires that initBootloaderOTA be called on the handler object before any work will be done.
+ * @param request Pointer to web request object
+ * @param index Offset in to uploaded file
+ * @param data New data bytes
+ * @param len Length of new data bytes
+ * @param isFinal Indicates that this is the last block
+ */
+void handleBootloaderOTAData(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal);
+#endif
+

wled00/set.cpp

@@ -128,12 +128,12 @@ void handleSettingsSet(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, byte subPage)
       PinManager::deallocatePin(irPin, PinOwner::IR);
     }
     #endif
-    for (unsigned s=0; s<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; s++) {
-      if (btnPin[s]>=0 && PinManager::isPinAllocated(btnPin[s], PinOwner::Button)) {
-        PinManager::deallocatePin(btnPin[s], PinOwner::Button);
+    for (const auto &button : buttons) {
+      if (button.pin >= 0 && PinManager::isPinAllocated(button.pin, PinOwner::Button)) {
+        PinManager::deallocatePin(button.pin, PinOwner::Button);
         #ifdef SOC_TOUCH_VERSION_2 // ESP32 S2 and S3 have a function to check touch state, detach interrupt
-        if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(btnPin[s]) >= 0) // if touch capable pin
-          touchDetachInterrupt(btnPin[s]);            // if not assigned previously, this will do nothing
+        if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(button.pin) >= 0) // if touch capable pin
+          touchDetachInterrupt(button.pin);            // if not assigned previously, this will do nothing
         #endif
       }
     }
@@ -280,54 +280,56 @@ void handleSettingsSet(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, byte subPage)
       char bt[4] = "BT"; bt[2] = offset+i; bt[3] = 0; // button pin (use A,B,C,... if WLED_MAX_BUTTONS>10)
       char be[4] = "BE"; be[2] = offset+i; be[3] = 0; // button type (use A,B,C,... if WLED_MAX_BUTTONS>10)
       int hw_btn_pin = request->arg(bt).toInt();
-      if (hw_btn_pin >= 0 && PinManager::allocatePin(hw_btn_pin,false,PinOwner::Button)) {
-        btnPin[i] = hw_btn_pin;
-        buttonType[i] = request->arg(be).toInt();
-      #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
+      if (i >= buttons.size()) buttons.emplace_back(hw_btn_pin, request->arg(be).toInt()); // add button to vector
+      else {
+        buttons[i].pin  = hw_btn_pin;
+        buttons[i].type = request->arg(be).toInt();
+      }
+      if (buttons[i].pin >= 0 && PinManager::allocatePin(buttons[i].pin, false, PinOwner::Button)) {
+        #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
         // ESP32 only: check that button pin is a valid gpio
-        if ((buttonType[i] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG) || (buttonType[i] == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED))
-        {
-          if (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(btnPin[i]) < 0) {
+        if ((buttons[i].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG) || (buttons[i].type == BTN_TYPE_ANALOG_INVERTED)) {
+          if (digitalPinToAnalogChannel(buttons[i].pin) < 0) {
             // not an ADC analog pin
-            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for analog button #%d is not an analog pin!\n"), btnPin[i], i);
-            btnPin[i] = -1;
-            PinManager::deallocatePin(hw_btn_pin,PinOwner::Button);
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for analog button #%d is not an analog pin!\n"), buttons[i].pin, i);
+            PinManager::deallocatePin(buttons[i].pin, PinOwner::Button);
+            buttons[i].type = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
           } else {
             analogReadResolution(12); // see #4040
           }
-        }
-        else if ((buttonType[i] == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH || buttonType[i] == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH))
-        {
-          if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(btnPin[i]) < 0)
-          {
+        } else if ((buttons[i].type == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH || buttons[i].type == BTN_TYPE_TOUCH_SWITCH)) {
+          if (digitalPinToTouchChannel(buttons[i].pin) < 0) {
             // not a touch pin
-            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for touch button #%d is not an touch pin!\n"), btnPin[i], i);
-            btnPin[i] = -1;
-            PinManager::deallocatePin(hw_btn_pin,PinOwner::Button);
+            DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("PIN ALLOC error: GPIO%d for touch button #%d is not an touch pin!\n"), buttons[i].pin, i);
+            PinManager::deallocatePin(buttons[i].pin, PinOwner::Button);
+            buttons[i].type = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
           }          
           #ifdef SOC_TOUCH_VERSION_2 // ESP32 S2 and S3 have a fucntion to check touch state but need to attach an interrupt to do so
-          else                    
-          {
-            touchAttachInterrupt(btnPin[i], touchButtonISR, touchThreshold << 4); // threshold on Touch V2 is much higher (1500 is a value given by Espressif example, I measured changes of over 5000)
-          }
-          #endif          
-        }
-        else
-      #endif
+          else touchAttachInterrupt(buttons[i].pin, touchButtonISR, touchThreshold << 4); // threshold on Touch V2 is much higher (1500 is a value given by Espressif example, I measured changes of over 5000)
+          #endif
+        } else
+        #endif
         {
+          // regular buttons and switches
           if (disablePullUp) {
-            pinMode(btnPin[i], INPUT);
+            pinMode(buttons[i].pin, INPUT);
           } else {
             #ifdef ESP32
-            pinMode(btnPin[i], buttonType[i]==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
+            pinMode(buttons[i].pin, buttons[i].type==BTN_TYPE_PUSH_ACT_HIGH ? INPUT_PULLDOWN : INPUT_PULLUP);
             #else
-            pinMode(btnPin[i], INPUT_PULLUP);
+            pinMode(buttons[i].pin, INPUT_PULLUP);
             #endif
           }
         }
       } else {
-        btnPin[i] = -1;
-        buttonType[i] = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
+        buttons[i].pin  = -1;
+        buttons[i].type = BTN_TYPE_NONE;
+      }
+    }
+    // we should remove all unused buttons from the vector
+    for (int i = buttons.size()-1; i > 0; i--) {
+      if (buttons[i].pin < 0 && buttons[i].type == BTN_TYPE_NONE) {
+        buttons.erase(buttons.begin() + i); // remove button from vector
       }
     }
 
@@ -531,14 +533,16 @@ void handleSettingsSet(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, byte subPage)
     macroAlexaOff = request->arg(F("A1")).toInt();
     macroCountdown = request->arg(F("MC")).toInt();
     macroNl = request->arg(F("MN")).toInt();
-    for (unsigned i=0; i<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; i++) {
-      char mp[4] = "MP"; mp[2] = (i<10?48:55)+i; mp[3] = 0; // short
-      char ml[4] = "ML"; ml[2] = (i<10?48:55)+i; ml[3] = 0; // long
-      char md[4] = "MD"; md[2] = (i<10?48:55)+i; md[3] = 0; // double
+    int i = 0;
+    for (auto &button : buttons) {
+      char mp[4] = "MP"; mp[2] = (i<10?'0':'A'-10)+i; mp[3] = 0; // short
+      char ml[4] = "ML"; ml[2] = (i<10?'0':'A'-10)+i; ml[3] = 0; // long
+      char md[4] = "MD"; md[2] = (i<10?'0':'A'-10)+i; md[3] = 0; // double
       //if (!request->hasArg(mp)) break;
-      macroButton[i] = request->arg(mp).toInt();      // these will default to 0 if not present
-      macroLongPress[i] = request->arg(ml).toInt();
-      macroDoublePress[i] = request->arg(md).toInt();
+      button.macroButton = request->arg(mp).toInt();      // these will default to 0 if not present
+      button.macroLongPress = request->arg(ml).toInt();
+      button.macroDoublePress = request->arg(md).toInt();
+      i++;
     }
 
     char k[3]; k[2] = 0;
@@ -613,7 +617,6 @@ void handleSettingsSet(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, byte subPage)
       #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
       aOtaEnabled = request->hasArg(F("AO"));
       #endif
-      //createEditHandler(correctPIN && !otaLock);
       otaSameSubnet = request->hasArg(F("SU"));
     }
   }
@@ -815,8 +818,13 @@ void handleSettingsSet(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, byte subPage)
       }
     }
     strip.panel.shrink_to_fit();  // release unused memory
+    // we are changing matrix/ledmap geometry which *will* affect existing segments
+    // since we are not in loop() context we must make sure that effects are not running. credit @blazonchek for properly fixing #4911
+    strip.suspend();
+    strip.waitForIt();
     strip.deserializeMap(); // (re)load default ledmap (will also setUpMatrix() if ledmap does not exist)
     strip.makeAutoSegments(true); // force re-creation of segments
+    strip.resume();
   }
   #endif
 

wled00/util.cpp

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include "const.h"
 #ifdef ESP8266
 #include "user_interface.h" // for bootloop detection
+#include <Hash.h>            // for SHA1 on ESP8266
 #else
 #include <Update.h>
 #if ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(4, 4, 0)
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@
 #elif ESP_IDF_VERSION >= ESP_IDF_VERSION_VAL(3, 3, 0)
   #include "soc/rtc.h"
 #endif
+#include "mbedtls/sha1.h"   // for SHA1 on ESP32
+#include "esp_efuse.h"
 #endif
 
 
@@ -369,7 +372,6 @@ void checkSettingsPIN(const char* pin) {
   if (!correctPIN && millis() - lastEditTime < PIN_RETRY_COOLDOWN) return; // guard against PIN brute force
   bool correctBefore = correctPIN;
   correctPIN = (strlen(settingsPIN) == 0 || strncmp(settingsPIN, pin, 4) == 0);
-  if (correctBefore != correctPIN) createEditHandler(correctPIN);
   lastEditTime = millis();
 }
 
@@ -634,10 +636,12 @@ int32_t hw_random(int32_t lowerlimit, int32_t upperlimit) {
   #if defined(IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) || defined(ESP8266)
     #error "ESP32-C3 and ESP8266 with PSRAM is not supported, please remove BOARD_HAS_PSRAM definition"
   #else
-    // BOARD_HAS_PSRAM also means that compiler flag "-mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue" has to be used
+  #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S2) && !defined(CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_ESP32S3) // PSRAM fix only needed for classic esp32
+    // BOARD_HAS_PSRAM also means that compiler flag "-mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue" has to be used for old "rev.1" esp32
     #warning "BOARD_HAS_PSRAM defined, make sure to use -mfix-esp32-psram-cache-issue to prevent issues on rev.1 ESP32 boards \
               see https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/stable/esp32/api-guides/external-ram.html#esp32-rev-v1-0"
   #endif
+  #endif
 #else
   #if !defined(IDF_TARGET_ESP32C3) && !defined(ESP8266)
     #pragma message("BOARD_HAS_PSRAM not defined, not using PSRAM.")
@@ -648,7 +652,8 @@ int32_t hw_random(int32_t lowerlimit, int32_t upperlimit) {
 #ifdef ESP8266
 static void *validateFreeHeap(void *buffer) {
   // make sure there is enough free heap left if buffer was allocated in DRAM region, free it if not
-  if (getContiguousFreeHeap() < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
+  // note: ESP826 needs very little contiguous heap for webserver, checking total free heap works better
+  if (getFreeHeapSize() < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
     free(buffer);
     return nullptr;
   }
@@ -1125,4 +1130,98 @@ uint8_t perlin8(uint16_t x, uint16_t y) {
 
 uint8_t perlin8(uint16_t x, uint16_t y, uint16_t z) {
   return (((perlin3D_raw((uint32_t)x << 8, (uint32_t)y << 8, (uint32_t)z << 8, true) * 2015) >> 10) + 33168) >> 8; //scale to 16 bit, offset, then scale to 8bit
-}
+}
+
+// Platform-agnostic SHA1 computation from String input
+String computeSHA1(const String& input) {
+  #ifdef ESP8266
+    return sha1(input); // ESP8266 has built-in sha1() function
+  #else
+    // ESP32: Compute SHA1 hash using mbedtls
+    unsigned char shaResult[20]; // SHA1 produces 20 bytes
+    mbedtls_sha1_context ctx;
+
+    mbedtls_sha1_init(&ctx);
+    mbedtls_sha1_starts_ret(&ctx);
+    mbedtls_sha1_update_ret(&ctx, (const unsigned char*)input.c_str(), input.length());
+    mbedtls_sha1_finish_ret(&ctx, shaResult);
+    mbedtls_sha1_free(&ctx);
+
+    // Convert to hexadecimal string
+    char hexString[41];
+    for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
+      sprintf(&hexString[i*2], "%02x", shaResult[i]);
+    }
+    hexString[40] = '\0';
+
+    return String(hexString);
+  #endif
+}
+
+#ifdef ESP32
+#include "esp_adc_cal.h"
+String generateDeviceFingerprint() {
+  uint32_t fp[2] = {0, 0}; // create 64 bit fingerprint
+  esp_chip_info_t chip_info;
+  esp_chip_info(&chip_info);
+  esp_efuse_mac_get_default((uint8_t*)fp);
+  fp[1] ^= ESP.getFlashChipSize();
+  fp[0] ^= chip_info.full_revision | (chip_info.model << 16);
+  // mix in ADC calibration data:
+  esp_adc_cal_characteristics_t ch;
+  #if SOC_ADC_MAX_BITWIDTH == 13 // S2 has 13 bit ADC
+  constexpr auto myBIT_WIDTH = ADC_WIDTH_BIT_13;
+  #else
+  constexpr auto myBIT_WIDTH = ADC_WIDTH_BIT_12;
+  #endif
+  esp_adc_cal_characterize(ADC_UNIT_1, ADC_ATTEN_DB_11, myBIT_WIDTH, 1100, &ch);
+  fp[0] ^= ch.coeff_a;
+  fp[1] ^= ch.coeff_b;
+  if (ch.low_curve) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+      fp[0] ^= ch.low_curve[i];
+    }
+  }
+  if (ch.high_curve) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+      fp[1] ^= ch.high_curve[i];
+    }
+  }
+  char fp_string[17];  // 16 hex chars + null terminator
+  sprintf(fp_string, "%08X%08X", fp[1], fp[0]);
+  return String(fp_string);
+}
+#else // ESP8266
+String generateDeviceFingerprint() {
+  uint32_t fp[2] = {0, 0}; // create 64 bit fingerprint
+  WiFi.macAddress((uint8_t*)&fp); // use MAC address as fingerprint base
+  fp[0] ^= ESP.getFlashChipId();
+  fp[1] ^= ESP.getFlashChipSize() | ESP.getFlashChipVendorId() << 16;
+  char fp_string[17];  // 16 hex chars + null terminator
+  sprintf(fp_string, "%08X%08X", fp[1], fp[0]);
+  return String(fp_string);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Generate a device ID based on SHA1 hash of MAC address salted with other unique device info
+// Returns: original SHA1 + last 2 chars of double-hashed SHA1 (42 chars total)
+String getDeviceId() {
+  static String cachedDeviceId = "";
+  if (cachedDeviceId.length() > 0) return cachedDeviceId;
+  // The device string is deterministic as it needs to be consistent for the same device, even after a full flash erase
+  // MAC is salted with other consistent device info to avoid rainbow table attacks.
+  // If the MAC address is known by malicious actors, they could precompute SHA1 hashes to impersonate devices,
+  // but as WLED developers are just looking at statistics and not authenticating devices, this is acceptable.
+  // If the usage data was exfiltrated, you could not easily determine the MAC from the device ID without brute forcing SHA1
+
+  String firstHash = computeSHA1(generateDeviceFingerprint());
+
+  // Second hash: SHA1 of the first hash
+  String secondHash = computeSHA1(firstHash);
+
+  // Concatenate first hash + last 2 chars of second hash
+  cachedDeviceId = firstHash + secondHash.substring(38);
+
+  return cachedDeviceId;
+}
+

wled00/wled.cpp

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #define WLED_DEFINE_GLOBAL_VARS //only in one source file, wled.cpp!
 #include "wled.h"
 #include "wled_ethernet.h"
+#include "ota_update.h"
 #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_AOTA
   #define NO_OTA_PORT
   #include <ArduinoOTA.h>
@@ -166,16 +167,15 @@ void WLED::loop()
   // 15min PIN time-out
   if (strlen(settingsPIN)>0 && correctPIN && millis() - lastEditTime > PIN_TIMEOUT) {
     correctPIN = false;
-    createEditHandler(false);
   }
 
   // reconnect WiFi to clear stale allocations if heap gets too low
   if (millis() - heapTime > 15000) {
     uint32_t heap = getFreeHeapSize();
     if (heap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE && lastHeap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
-      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap too low! %u\n"), heap);
-      forceReconnect = true;
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Heap too low! %u\n"), heap);      
       strip.resetSegments(); // remove all but one segments from memory
+      if (!Update.isRunning()) forceReconnect = true;
     } else if (heap < MIN_HEAP_SIZE) {
       DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Heap low, purging segments."));
       strip.purgeSegments();
@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ void WLED::setup()
 
   if (needsCfgSave) serializeConfigToFS(); // usermods required new parameters; need to wait for strip to be initialised #4752
 
-  if (strcmp(multiWiFi[0].clientSSID, DEFAULT_CLIENT_SSID) == 0)
+  if (strcmp(multiWiFi[0].clientSSID, DEFAULT_CLIENT_SSID) == 0 && !configBackupExists())
     showWelcomePage = true;
   WiFi.persistent(false);
   WiFi.onEvent(WiFiEvent);
@@ -555,6 +555,7 @@ void WLED::setup()
   #if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && defined(WLED_DISABLE_BROWNOUT_DET)
   WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 1); //enable brownout detector
   #endif
+  markOTAvalid();
 }
 
 void WLED::beginStrip()

wled00/wled.h

@@ -189,11 +189,15 @@ using PSRAMDynamicJsonDocument = BasicJsonDocument<PSRAM_Allocator>;
 #include "FastLED.h"
 #include "const.h"
 #include "fcn_declare.h"
+#ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
+  #include "ota_update.h"
+#endif
 #include "NodeStruct.h"
 #include "pin_manager.h"
 #include "colors.h"
 #include "bus_manager.h"
 #include "FX.h"
+#include "wled_metadata.h"
 
 #ifndef CLIENT_SSID
   #define CLIENT_SSID DEFAULT_CLIENT_SSID
@@ -270,20 +274,6 @@ using PSRAMDynamicJsonDocument = BasicJsonDocument<PSRAM_Allocator>;
 #define STRINGIFY(X) #X
 #define TOSTRING(X) STRINGIFY(X)
 
-#ifndef WLED_VERSION
-  #define WLED_VERSION dev
-#endif
-#ifndef WLED_RELEASE_NAME
-  #define WLED_RELEASE_NAME "Custom"
-#endif
-#ifndef WLED_REPO
-  #define WLED_REPO "unknown"
-#endif
-
-// Global Variable definitions
-WLED_GLOBAL char versionString[] _INIT(TOSTRING(WLED_VERSION));
-WLED_GLOBAL char releaseString[] _INIT(WLED_RELEASE_NAME); // must include the quotes when defining, e.g -D WLED_RELEASE_NAME=\"ESP32_MULTI_USREMODS\"
-WLED_GLOBAL char repoString[] _INIT(WLED_REPO);
 #define WLED_CODENAME "Niji"
 
 // AP and OTA default passwords (for maximum security change them!)
@@ -296,10 +286,10 @@ WLED_GLOBAL char otaPass[33] _INIT(DEFAULT_OTA_PASS);
 
 // Hardware and pin config
 #ifndef BTNPIN
-  #define BTNPIN 0,-1
+  #define BTNPIN 0
 #endif
 #ifndef BTNTYPE
-  #define BTNTYPE BTN_TYPE_PUSH,BTN_TYPE_NONE
+  #define BTNTYPE BTN_TYPE_PUSH
 #endif
 #ifndef RLYPIN
 WLED_GLOBAL int8_t rlyPin _INIT(-1);
@@ -375,7 +365,7 @@ WLED_GLOBAL wifi_options_t wifiOpt _INIT_N(({0, 1, false, AP_BEHAVIOR_BOOT_NO_CO
 #define force802_3g  wifiOpt.force802_3g
 #else
 WLED_GLOBAL int8_t selectedWiFi  _INIT(0);
-WLED_GLOBAL byte apChannel       _INIT(1);                        // 2.4GHz WiFi AP channel (1-13)
+WLED_GLOBAL byte apChannel       _INIT(6);                        // 2.4GHz WiFi AP channel (1-13)
 WLED_GLOBAL byte apHide          _INIT(0);                        // hidden AP SSID
 WLED_GLOBAL byte apBehavior      _INIT(AP_BEHAVIOR_BOOT_NO_CONN); // access point opens when no connection after boot by default
   #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
@@ -581,9 +571,6 @@ WLED_GLOBAL byte countdownMin  _INIT(0) , countdownSec   _INIT(0);
 WLED_GLOBAL byte macroNl   _INIT(0);        // after nightlight delay over
 WLED_GLOBAL byte macroCountdown _INIT(0);
 WLED_GLOBAL byte macroAlexaOn _INIT(0), macroAlexaOff _INIT(0);
-WLED_GLOBAL byte macroButton[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]        _INIT({0});
-WLED_GLOBAL byte macroLongPress[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]     _INIT({0});
-WLED_GLOBAL byte macroDoublePress[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]   _INIT({0});
 
 // Security CONFIG
 #ifdef WLED_OTA_PASS
@@ -649,13 +636,32 @@ WLED_GLOBAL byte briLast             _INIT(128);           // brightness before
 WLED_GLOBAL byte whiteLast           _INIT(128);           // white channel before turned off. Used for toggle function in ir.cpp
 
 // button
-WLED_GLOBAL int8_t btnPin[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]                   _INIT({BTNPIN});
-WLED_GLOBAL byte buttonType[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]                 _INIT({BTNTYPE});
+struct Button {
+  unsigned long pressedTime;        // time button was pressed
+  unsigned long waitTime;           // time to wait for next button press
+  int8_t        pin;                // pin number
+  struct {
+    uint8_t     type          : 6;  // button type (push, long, double, etc.)
+    bool        pressedBefore : 1;  // button was pressed before
+    bool        longPressed   : 1;  // button was long pressed
+  };
+  uint8_t       macroButton;        // macro/preset to call on button press
+  uint8_t       macroLongPress;     // macro/preset to call on long press
+  uint8_t       macroDoublePress;   // macro/preset to call on double press
+
+  Button(int8_t p, uint8_t t, uint8_t mB = 0, uint8_t mLP = 0, uint8_t mDP = 0)
+  : pressedTime(0)
+  , waitTime(0)
+  , pin(p)
+  , type(t)
+  , pressedBefore(false)
+  , longPressed(false)
+  , macroButton(mB)
+  , macroLongPress(mLP)
+  , macroDoublePress(mDP) {}
+};
+WLED_GLOBAL std::vector<Button> buttons; // vector of button structs
 WLED_GLOBAL bool buttonPublishMqtt                            _INIT(false);
-WLED_GLOBAL bool buttonPressedBefore[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]        _INIT({false});
-WLED_GLOBAL bool buttonLongPressed[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]          _INIT({false});
-WLED_GLOBAL unsigned long buttonPressedTime[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS] _INIT({0});
-WLED_GLOBAL unsigned long buttonWaitTime[WLED_MAX_BUTTONS]    _INIT({0});
 WLED_GLOBAL bool disablePullUp                                _INIT(false);
 WLED_GLOBAL byte touchThreshold                               _INIT(TOUCH_THRESHOLD);
 

wled00/wled_metadata.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+#include "ota_update.h"
+#include "wled.h"
+#include "wled_metadata.h"
+
+#ifndef WLED_VERSION
+  #warning WLED_VERSION was not set - using default value of 'dev'
+  #define WLED_VERSION dev
+#endif
+#ifndef WLED_RELEASE_NAME
+  #warning WLED_RELEASE_NAME was not set - using default value of 'Custom'
+  #define WLED_RELEASE_NAME "Custom"
+#endif
+#ifndef WLED_REPO
+  // No warning for this one: integrators are not always on GitHub
+  #define WLED_REPO "unknown"
+#endif
+
+constexpr uint32_t WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_MAGIC = 0x57535453;  // "WSTS" (WLED System Tag Structure)
+constexpr uint32_t WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_VERSION = 1;
+
+// Compile-time validation that release name doesn't exceed maximum length
+static_assert(sizeof(WLED_RELEASE_NAME) <= WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN, 
+              "WLED_RELEASE_NAME exceeds maximum length of WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN characters");
+
+
+/**
+ * DJB2 hash function (C++11 compatible constexpr)
+ * Used for compile-time hash computation to validate structure contents
+ * Recursive for compile time: not usable at runtime due to stack depth
+ * 
+ * Note that this only works on strings; there is no way to produce a compile-time
+ * hash of a struct in C++11 without explicitly listing all the struct members.
+ * So for now, we hash only the release name.  This suffices for a "did you find 
+ * valid structure" check.
+ * 
+ */
+constexpr uint32_t djb2_hash_constexpr(const char* str, uint32_t hash = 5381) {
+    return (*str == '\0') ? hash : djb2_hash_constexpr(str + 1, ((hash << 5) + hash) + *str);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Runtime DJB2 hash function for validation
+ */
+inline uint32_t djb2_hash_runtime(const char* str) {
+    uint32_t hash = 5381;
+    while (*str) {
+        hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *str++;
+    }
+    return hash;
+}
+
+// ------------------------------------
+// GLOBAL VARIABLES
+// ------------------------------------
+// Structure instantiation for this build 
+const wled_metadata_t __attribute__((section(BUILD_METADATA_SECTION))) WLED_BUILD_DESCRIPTION = {
+    WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_MAGIC,                   // magic
+    WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_VERSION,                 // version 
+    TOSTRING(WLED_VERSION),
+    WLED_RELEASE_NAME,                        // release_name
+    std::integral_constant<uint32_t, djb2_hash_constexpr(WLED_RELEASE_NAME)>::value, // hash - computed at compile time; integral_constant enforces this
+};
+
+static const char repoString_s[] PROGMEM = WLED_REPO;
+const __FlashStringHelper* repoString = FPSTR(repoString_s);
+
+static const char productString_s[] PROGMEM = WLED_PRODUCT_NAME;
+const __FlashStringHelper* productString = FPSTR(productString_s);
+
+static const char brandString_s [] PROGMEM = WLED_BRAND;
+const __FlashStringHelper* brandString = FPSTR(brandString_s);
+
+
+
+/**
+ * Extract WLED custom description structure from binary
+ * @param binaryData Pointer to binary file data
+ * @param dataSize Size of binary data in bytes
+ * @param extractedDesc Buffer to store extracted custom description structure
+ * @return true if structure was found and extracted, false otherwise
+ */
+bool findWledMetadata(const uint8_t* binaryData, size_t dataSize, wled_metadata_t* extractedDesc) {
+  if (!binaryData || !extractedDesc || dataSize < sizeof(wled_metadata_t)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  for (size_t offset = 0; offset <= dataSize - sizeof(wled_metadata_t); offset++) {
+    if ((binaryData[offset]) == static_cast<char>(WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_MAGIC)) {
+      // First byte matched; check next in an alignment-safe way
+      uint32_t data_magic;
+      memcpy(&data_magic, binaryData + offset, sizeof(data_magic));
+      
+      // Check for magic number
+      if (data_magic == WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_MAGIC) {            
+        wled_metadata_t candidate;
+        memcpy(&candidate, binaryData + offset, sizeof(candidate));
+
+        // Found potential match, validate version
+        if (candidate.desc_version != WLED_CUSTOM_DESC_VERSION) {
+          DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Found WLED structure at offset %u but version mismatch: %u\n"), 
+                        offset, candidate.desc_version);
+          continue;
+        }
+        
+        // Validate hash using runtime function
+        uint32_t expected_hash = djb2_hash_runtime(candidate.release_name);
+        if (candidate.hash != expected_hash) {
+          DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Found WLED structure at offset %u but hash mismatch\n"), offset);
+          continue;
+        }
+        
+        // Valid structure found - copy entire structure
+        *extractedDesc = candidate;
+        
+        DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("Extracted WLED structure at offset %u: '%s'\n"), 
+                      offset, extractedDesc->release_name);
+        return true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("No WLED custom description found in binary"));
+  return false;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Check if OTA should be allowed based on release compatibility using custom description
+ * @param binaryData Pointer to binary file data (not modified)
+ * @param dataSize Size of binary data in bytes
+ * @param errorMessage Buffer to store error message if validation fails 
+ * @param errorMessageLen Maximum length of error message buffer
+ * @return true if OTA should proceed, false if it should be blocked
+ */
+
+bool shouldAllowOTA(const wled_metadata_t& firmwareDescription, char* errorMessage, size_t errorMessageLen) {
+  // Clear error message
+  if (errorMessage && errorMessageLen > 0) {
+    errorMessage[0] = '\0';
+  }
+
+  // Validate compatibility using extracted release name
+  // We make a stack copy so we can print it safely
+  char safeFirmwareRelease[WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN];
+  strncpy(safeFirmwareRelease, firmwareDescription.release_name, WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN - 1);
+  safeFirmwareRelease[WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+  
+  if (strlen(safeFirmwareRelease) == 0) {
+    return false;
+  }  
+
+  if (strncmp_P(safeFirmwareRelease, releaseString, WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN) != 0) {
+    if (errorMessage && errorMessageLen > 0) {
+      snprintf_P(errorMessage, errorMessageLen, PSTR("Firmware compatibility mismatch: current='%s', uploaded='%s'."), 
+               releaseString, safeFirmwareRelease);
+      errorMessage[errorMessageLen - 1] = '\0'; // Ensure null termination
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // TODO: additional checks go here
+
+  return true;
+}

wled00/wled_metadata.h

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+  WLED build metadata
+
+  Manages and exports information about the current WLED build.
+*/
+
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <WString.h>
+
+#define WLED_VERSION_MAX_LEN 48
+#define WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN 48
+
+/**
+ * WLED Custom Description Structure
+ * This structure is embedded in platform-specific sections at an approximately
+ * fixed offset in ESP32/ESP8266 binaries, where it can be found and validated 
+ * by the OTA process.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+    uint32_t magic;               // Magic number to identify WLED custom description
+    uint32_t desc_version;        // Structure version for future compatibility
+    char wled_version[WLED_VERSION_MAX_LEN];
+    char release_name[WLED_RELEASE_NAME_MAX_LEN]; // Release name (null-terminated)    
+    uint32_t hash;               // Structure sanity check
+} __attribute__((packed)) wled_metadata_t;
+
+
+// Global build description
+extern const wled_metadata_t WLED_BUILD_DESCRIPTION;
+
+// Convenient metdata pointers
+#define versionString (WLED_BUILD_DESCRIPTION.wled_version)   // Build version, WLED_VERSION
+#define releaseString (WLED_BUILD_DESCRIPTION.release_name)   // Release name,  WLED_RELEASE_NAME
+extern const __FlashStringHelper* repoString;                       // Github repository (if available)
+extern const __FlashStringHelper* productString;                    // Product, WLED_PRODUCT_NAME -- deprecated, use WLED_RELEASE_NAME
+extern const __FlashStringHelper* brandString ;                     // Brand
+
+
+// Metadata analysis functions
+
+/**
+ * Extract WLED custom description structure from binary data
+ * @param binaryData Pointer to binary file data
+ * @param dataSize Size of binary data in bytes
+ * @param extractedDesc Buffer to store extracted custom description structure
+ * @return true if structure was found and extracted, false otherwise
+ */
+bool findWledMetadata(const uint8_t* binaryData, size_t dataSize, wled_metadata_t* extractedDesc);
+
+/**
+ * Check if OTA should be allowed based on release compatibility
+ * @param firmwareDescription Pointer to firmware description
+ * @param errorMessage Buffer to store error message if validation fails 
+ * @param errorMessageLen Maximum length of error message buffer
+ * @return true if OTA should proceed, false if it should be blocked
+ */
+bool shouldAllowOTA(const wled_metadata_t& firmwareDescription, char* errorMessage, size_t errorMessageLen);

wled00/wled_server.cpp

@@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 #include "wled.h"
 
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
-  #ifdef ESP8266
-    #include <Updater.h>
-  #else
-    #include <Update.h>
-  #endif
+  #include "ota_update.h"  
 #endif
 #include "html_ui.h"
 #include "html_settings.h"
@@ -17,6 +13,8 @@
   #include "html_pxmagic.h"
 #endif
 #include "html_cpal.h"
+#include "html_edit.h"
+
 
 // define flash strings once (saves flash memory)
 static const char s_redirecting[] PROGMEM = "Redirecting...";
@@ -26,8 +24,17 @@ static const char s_unlock_cfg [] PROGMEM = "Please unlock settings using PIN co
 static const char s_rebooting  [] PROGMEM = "Rebooting now...";
 static const char s_notimplemented[] PROGMEM = "Not implemented";
 static const char s_accessdenied[]   PROGMEM = "Access Denied";
+static const char s_not_found[]      PROGMEM = "Not found";
+static const char s_wsec[]           PROGMEM = "wsec.json";
+static const char s_func[]           PROGMEM = "func";
+static const char s_list[]           PROGMEM = "list";
+static const char s_path[]           PROGMEM = "path";
+static const char s_cache_control[]  PROGMEM = "Cache-Control";
+static const char s_no_store[]       PROGMEM = "no-store";
+static const char s_expires[]        PROGMEM = "Expires";
 static const char _common_js[]       PROGMEM = "/common.js";
 
+
 //Is this an IP?
 static bool isIp(const String &str) {
   for (size_t i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
@@ -60,7 +67,7 @@ static bool inLocalSubnet(const IPAddress &client) {
  */
 
 static void generateEtag(char *etag, uint16_t eTagSuffix) {
-  sprintf_P(etag, PSTR("%7d-%02x-%04x"), VERSION, cacheInvalidate, eTagSuffix);
+  sprintf_P(etag, PSTR("%u-%02x-%04x"), WEB_BUILD_TIME, cacheInvalidate, eTagSuffix);
 }
 
 static void setStaticContentCacheHeaders(AsyncWebServerResponse *response, int code, uint16_t eTagSuffix = 0) {
@@ -71,9 +78,9 @@ static void setStaticContentCacheHeaders(AsyncWebServerResponse *response, int c
   #ifndef WLED_DEBUG
   // this header name is misleading, "no-cache" will not disable cache,
   // it just revalidates on every load using the "If-None-Match" header with the last ETag value
-  response->addHeader(F("Cache-Control"), F("no-cache"));
+  response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_cache_control), F("no-cache"));
   #else
-  response->addHeader(F("Cache-Control"), F("no-store,max-age=0"));  // prevent caching if debug build
+  response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_cache_control), F("no-store,max-age=0"));  // prevent caching if debug build
   #endif
   char etag[32];
   generateEtag(etag, eTagSuffix);
@@ -176,6 +183,7 @@ static String msgProcessor(const String& var)
   return String();
 }
 
+
 static void handleUpload(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const String& filename, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal) {
   if (!correctPIN) {
     if (isFinal) request->send(401, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg));
@@ -198,7 +206,7 @@ static void handleUpload(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const String& filename,
     request->_tempFile.close();
     if (filename.indexOf(F("cfg.json")) >= 0) { // check for filename with or without slash
       doReboot = true;
-      request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Configuration restore successful.\nRebooting..."));
+      request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Config restore ok.\nRebooting..."));
     } else {
       if (filename.indexOf(F("palette")) >= 0 && filename.indexOf(F(".json")) >= 0) loadCustomPalettes();
       request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("File Uploaded!"));
@@ -207,25 +215,98 @@ static void handleUpload(AsyncWebServerRequest *request, const String& filename,
   }
 }
 
-void createEditHandler(bool enable) {
+static const char _edit_htm[] PROGMEM = "/edit.htm";
+
+void createEditHandler() {
   if (editHandler != nullptr) server.removeHandler(editHandler);
-  if (enable) {
-    #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_FS_EDITOR
-      #ifdef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
-      editHandler = &server.addHandler(new SPIFFSEditor(WLED_FS));//http_username,http_password));
-      #else
-      editHandler = &server.addHandler(new SPIFFSEditor("","",WLED_FS));//http_username,http_password));
-      #endif
-    #else
-      editHandler = &server.on(F("/edit"), HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
-        serveMessage(request, 501, FPSTR(s_notimplemented), F("The FS editor is disabled in this build."), 254);
-      });
-    #endif
-  } else {
-    editHandler = &server.on(F("/edit"), HTTP_ANY, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+
+  editHandler = &server.on(F("/edit"), static_cast<WebRequestMethod>(HTTP_GET), [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
+    // PIN check for GET/DELETE, for POST it is done in handleUpload()
+    if (!correctPIN) {
       serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
-    });
-  }
+      return;
+    }
+    const String& func = request->arg(FPSTR(s_func));
+    bool legacyList = false;
+    if (request->hasArg(FPSTR(s_list))) {
+      legacyList = true; // support for '?list=/'
+    }
+
+    if(func.length() == 0 && !legacyList) {
+      // default: serve the editor page
+      handleStaticContent(request, FPSTR(_edit_htm), 200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_HTML), PAGE_edit, PAGE_edit_length);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (func == FPSTR(s_list) || legacyList) {
+      bool first = true;
+      AsyncResponseStream* response = request->beginResponseStream(FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_JSON));
+      response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_cache_control), FPSTR(s_no_store));
+      response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_expires), F("0"));
+      response->write('[');
+
+      File rootdir = WLED_FS.open("/", "r");
+      File rootfile = rootdir.openNextFile();
+      while (rootfile) {
+        String name = rootfile.name();
+        if (name.indexOf(FPSTR(s_wsec)) >= 0) {
+          rootfile = rootdir.openNextFile(); // skip wsec.json
+          continue;
+        }
+        if (!first) response->write(',');
+        first = false;
+        response->printf_P(PSTR("{\"name\":\"%s\",\"type\":\"file\",\"size\":%u}"), name.c_str(), rootfile.size());
+        rootfile = rootdir.openNextFile();
+      }
+      rootfile.close();
+      rootdir.close();
+      response->write(']');
+      request->send(response);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    String path = request->arg(FPSTR(s_path)); // remaining functions expect a path
+
+    if (path.length() == 0) {
+      request->send(400, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Missing path"));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (path.charAt(0) != '/') {
+      path = '/' + path; // prepend slash if missing
+    }
+
+    if (!WLED_FS.exists(path)) {
+      request->send(404, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), FPSTR(s_not_found));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (path.indexOf(FPSTR(s_wsec)) >= 0) {
+      request->send(403, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), FPSTR(s_accessdenied)); // skip wsec.json
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (func == "edit") {
+      request->send(WLED_FS, path);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (func == "download") {
+      request->send(WLED_FS, path, String(), true);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (func == "delete") {
+      if (!WLED_FS.remove(path))
+        request->send(500, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Delete failed"));
+      else
+        request->send(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("File deleted"));
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // unrecognized func
+    request->send(400, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), F("Invalid function"));
+  });
 }
 
 static bool captivePortal(AsyncWebServerRequest *request)
@@ -391,7 +472,7 @@ void initServer()
                       size_t len, bool isFinal) {handleUpload(request, filename, index, data, len, isFinal);}
   );
 
-  createEditHandler(correctPIN);
+  createEditHandler(); // initialize "/edit" handler, access is protected by "correctPIN"
 
   static const char _update[] PROGMEM = "/update";
 #ifndef WLED_DISABLE_OTA
@@ -404,59 +485,47 @@ void initServer()
   });
 
   server.on(_update, HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
-    if (!correctPIN) {
-      serveSettings(request, true); // handle PIN page POST request
-      return;
-    }
-    if (otaLock) {
-      serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_ota), 254);
-      return;
-    }
-    if (Update.hasError()) {
-      serveMessage(request, 500, F("Update failed!"), F("Please check your file and retry!"), 254);
+    if (request->_tempObject) {
+      auto ota_result = getOTAResult(request);
+      if (ota_result.first) {
+        if (ota_result.second.length() > 0) {
+          serveMessage(request, 500, F("Update failed!"), ota_result.second, 254);
+        } else {
+          serveMessage(request, 200, F("Update successful!"), FPSTR(s_rebooting), 131);
+        }
+      }
     } else {
-      serveMessage(request, 200, F("Update successful!"), FPSTR(s_rebooting), 131);
-      #ifndef ESP8266
-      bootloopCheckOTA(); // let the bootloop-checker know there was an OTA update
-      #endif
-      doReboot = true;
+      // No context structure - something's gone horribly wrong
+      serveMessage(request, 500, F("Update failed!"), F("Internal server fault"), 254);
     }
   },[](AsyncWebServerRequest *request, String filename, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal){
-    IPAddress client  = request->client()->remoteIP();
-    if (((otaSameSubnet && !inSameSubnet(client)) && !strlen(settingsPIN)) || (!otaSameSubnet && !inLocalSubnet(client))) {
-      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Attempted OTA update from different/non-local subnet!"));
-      request->send(401, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_PLAIN), FPSTR(s_accessdenied));
-      return;
-    }
-    if (!correctPIN || otaLock) return;
-    if(!index){
-      DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("OTA Update Start"));
-      #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
-      WLED::instance().disableWatchdog();
-      #endif
-      UsermodManager::onUpdateBegin(true); // notify usermods that update is about to begin (some may require task de-init)
-      lastEditTime = millis(); // make sure PIN does not lock during update
-      strip.suspend();
-      backupConfig(); // backup current config in case the update ends badly
-      strip.resetSegments();  // free as much memory as you can
-      #ifdef ESP8266
-      Update.runAsync(true);
-      #endif
-      Update.begin((ESP.getFreeSketchSpace() - 0x1000) & 0xFFFFF000);
-    }
-    if(!Update.hasError()) Update.write(data, len);
-    if(isFinal){
-      if(Update.end(true)){
-        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Update Success"));
-      } else {
-        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Update Failed"));
-        strip.resume();
-        UsermodManager::onUpdateBegin(false); // notify usermods that update has failed (some may require task init)
-        #if WLED_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT > 0
-        WLED::instance().enableWatchdog();
-        #endif
+    if (index == 0) { 
+      // Allocate the context structure
+      if (!initOTA(request)) {
+        return; // Error will be dealt with after upload in response handler, above
       }
+
+      // Privilege checks
+      IPAddress client  = request->client()->remoteIP();
+      if (((otaSameSubnet && !inSameSubnet(client)) && !strlen(settingsPIN)) || (!otaSameSubnet && !inLocalSubnet(client))) {        
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Attempted OTA update from different/non-local subnet!"));
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), F("Client is not on local subnet."), 254);
+        setOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!correctPIN) {
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+        setOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      };
+      if (otaLock) {
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_ota), 254);
+        setOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      }      
     }
+
+    handleOTAData(request, index, data, len, isFinal);
   });
 #else
   const auto notSupported = [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
@@ -466,6 +535,53 @@ void initServer()
   server.on(_update, HTTP_POST, notSupported, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request, String filename, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal){});
 #endif
 
+#if defined(ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32) && !defined(WLED_DISABLE_OTA)
+  // ESP32 bootloader update endpoint
+  server.on(F("/updatebootloader"), HTTP_POST, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
+    if (request->_tempObject) {
+      auto bootloader_result = getBootloaderOTAResult(request);
+      if (bootloader_result.first) {
+        if (bootloader_result.second.length() > 0) {
+          serveMessage(request, 500, F("Bootloader update failed!"), bootloader_result.second, 254);
+        } else {
+          serveMessage(request, 200, F("Bootloader updated successfully!"), FPSTR(s_rebooting), 131);
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // No context structure - something's gone horribly wrong
+      serveMessage(request, 500, F("Bootloader update failed!"), F("Internal server fault"), 254);
+    }
+  },[](AsyncWebServerRequest *request, String filename, size_t index, uint8_t *data, size_t len, bool isFinal){
+    if (index == 0) {
+      // Privilege checks
+      IPAddress client = request->client()->remoteIP();
+      if (((otaSameSubnet && !inSameSubnet(client)) && !strlen(settingsPIN)) || (!otaSameSubnet && !inLocalSubnet(client))) {
+        DEBUG_PRINTLN(F("Attempted bootloader update from different/non-local subnet!"));
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), F("Client is not on local subnet."), 254);
+        setBootloaderOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (!correctPIN) {
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_cfg), 254);
+        setBootloaderOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      }
+      if (otaLock) {
+        serveMessage(request, 401, FPSTR(s_accessdenied), FPSTR(s_unlock_ota), 254);
+        setBootloaderOTAReplied(request);
+        return;
+      }
+
+      // Allocate the context structure
+      if (!initBootloaderOTA(request)) {
+        return; // Error will be dealt with after upload in response handler, above
+      }
+    }
+
+    handleBootloaderOTAData(request, index, data, len, isFinal);
+  });
+#endif
+
 #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_DMX
   server.on(F("/dmxmap"), HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
     request->send_P(200, FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_HTML), PAGE_dmxmap, dmxProcessor);
@@ -569,8 +685,8 @@ void serveSettingsJS(AsyncWebServerRequest* request)
   }
   
   AsyncResponseStream *response = request->beginResponseStream(FPSTR(CONTENT_TYPE_JAVASCRIPT));
-  response->addHeader(F("Cache-Control"), F("no-store"));
-  response->addHeader(F("Expires"), F("0"));
+  response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_cache_control), FPSTR(s_no_store));
+  response->addHeader(FPSTR(s_expires), F("0"));
 
   response->print(F("function GetV(){var d=document;"));
   getSettingsJS(subPage, *response);
@@ -694,7 +810,6 @@ void serveSettings(AsyncWebServerRequest* request, bool post) {
 #endif
     case SUBPAGE_LOCK    : {
       correctPIN = !strlen(settingsPIN); // lock if a pin is set
-      createEditHandler(correctPIN);
       serveMessage(request, 200, strlen(settingsPIN) > 0 ? PSTR("Settings locked") : PSTR("No PIN set"), FPSTR(s_redirecting), 1);
       return;
     }

wled00/ws.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,12 @@
  */
 #ifdef WLED_ENABLE_WEBSOCKETS
 
+// define some constants for binary protocols, dont use defines but C++ style constexpr
+constexpr uint8_t BINARY_PROTOCOL_GENERIC = 0xFF; // generic / auto detect NOT IMPLEMENTED
+constexpr uint8_t BINARY_PROTOCOL_E131    = P_E131; // = 0, untested!
+constexpr uint8_t BINARY_PROTOCOL_ARTNET  = P_ARTNET; // = 1, untested!
+constexpr uint8_t BINARY_PROTOCOL_DDP     = P_DDP; // = 2
+
 uint16_t wsLiveClientId = 0;
 unsigned long wsLastLiveTime = 0;
 //uint8_t* wsFrameBuffer = nullptr;
@@ -25,7 +31,7 @@ void wsEvent(AsyncWebSocket * server, AsyncWebSocketClient * client, AwsEventTyp
     // data packet
     AwsFrameInfo * info = (AwsFrameInfo*)arg;
     if(info->final && info->index == 0 && info->len == len){
-      // the whole message is in a single frame and we got all of its data (max. 1450 bytes)
+      // the whole message is in a single frame and we got all of its data (max. 1428 bytes / ESP8266: 528 bytes)
       if(info->opcode == WS_TEXT)
       {
         if (len > 0 && len < 10 && data[0] == 'p') {
@@ -71,8 +77,29 @@ void wsEvent(AsyncWebSocket * server, AsyncWebSocketClient * client, AwsEventTyp
           // force broadcast in 500ms after updating client
           //lastInterfaceUpdate = millis() - (INTERFACE_UPDATE_COOLDOWN -500); // ESP8266 does not like this
         }
+      }else if (info->opcode == WS_BINARY) {
+        // first byte determines protocol. Note: since e131_packet_t is "packed", the compiler handles alignment issues
+        //DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("WS binary message: len %u, byte0: %u\n"), len, data[0]);
+        int offset = 1; // offset to skip protocol byte
+        switch (data[0]) {
+          case BINARY_PROTOCOL_E131:
+            handleE131Packet((e131_packet_t*)&data[offset], client->remoteIP(), P_E131);
+            break;
+          case BINARY_PROTOCOL_ARTNET:
+            handleE131Packet((e131_packet_t*)&data[offset], client->remoteIP(), P_ARTNET);
+            break;
+          case BINARY_PROTOCOL_DDP:
+            if (len < 10 + offset) return; // DDP header is 10 bytes (+1 protocol byte)
+            size_t ddpDataLen = (data[8+offset] << 8) | data[9+offset]; // data length in bytes from DDP header
+            uint8_t flags = data[0+offset];
+            if ((flags & DDP_TIMECODE_FLAG) ) ddpDataLen += 4; // timecode flag adds 4 bytes to data length
+            if (len < (10 + offset + ddpDataLen)) return; // not enough data, prevent out of bounds read
+            // could be a valid DDP packet, forward to handler
+            handleE131Packet((e131_packet_t*)&data[offset], client->remoteIP(), P_DDP);
+        }
       }
     } else {
+      DEBUG_PRINTF_P(PSTR("WS multipart message: final %u index %u len %u total %u\n"), info->final, info->index, len, (uint32_t)info->len);
       //message is comprised of multiple frames or the frame is split into multiple packets
       //if(info->index == 0){
         //if (!wsFrameBuffer && len < 4096) wsFrameBuffer = new uint8_t[4096];

wled00/xml.cpp

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ void getSettingsJS(byte subPage, Print& settingsScript)
     settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("d.ledTypes=%s;"), BusManager::getLEDTypesJSONString().c_str());
 
     // set limits
-    settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("bLimits(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d);"),
+    settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("bLimits(%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d,%d);"),
       WLED_MAX_BUSSES,
       WLED_MIN_VIRTUAL_BUSSES, // irrelevant, but kept to distinguish S2/S3 in UI
       MAX_LEDS_PER_BUS,
@@ -299,7 +299,8 @@ void getSettingsJS(byte subPage, Print& settingsScript)
       MAX_LEDS,
       WLED_MAX_COLOR_ORDER_MAPPINGS,
       WLED_MAX_DIGITAL_CHANNELS,
-      WLED_MAX_ANALOG_CHANNELS
+      WLED_MAX_ANALOG_CHANNELS,
+      WLED_MAX_BUTTONS
     );
 
     printSetFormCheckbox(settingsScript,PSTR("MS"),strip.autoSegments);
@@ -403,8 +404,9 @@ void getSettingsJS(byte subPage, Print& settingsScript)
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("RL"),rlyPin);
     printSetFormCheckbox(settingsScript,PSTR("RM"),rlyMde);
     printSetFormCheckbox(settingsScript,PSTR("RO"),rlyOpenDrain);
-    for (int i = 0; i < WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; i++) {
-      settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("addBtn(%d,%d,%d);"), i, btnPin[i], buttonType[i]);
+    int i = 0;
+    for (const auto &button : buttons) {
+      settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("addBtn(%d,%d,%d);"), i++, button.pin, button.type);
     }
     printSetFormCheckbox(settingsScript,PSTR("IP"),disablePullUp);
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("TT"),touchThreshold);
@@ -578,8 +580,9 @@ void getSettingsJS(byte subPage, Print& settingsScript)
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("A1"),macroAlexaOff);
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("MC"),macroCountdown);
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("MN"),macroNl);
-    for (unsigned i=0; i<WLED_MAX_BUTTONS; i++) {
-      settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("addRow(%d,%d,%d,%d);"), i, macroButton[i], macroLongPress[i], macroDoublePress[i]);
+    int i = 0;
+    for (const auto &button : buttons) {
+      settingsScript.printf_P(PSTR("addRow(%d,%d,%d,%d);"), i++, button.macroButton, button.macroLongPress, button.macroDoublePress);
     }
 
     char k[4];
@@ -671,16 +674,6 @@ void getSettingsJS(byte subPage, Print& settingsScript)
     UsermodManager::appendConfigData(settingsScript);
   }
 
-  if (subPage == SUBPAGE_UPDATE) // update
-  {
-    char tmp_buf[128];
-    fillWLEDVersion(tmp_buf,sizeof(tmp_buf));
-    printSetClassElementHTML(settingsScript,PSTR("sip"),0,tmp_buf);
-    #ifndef ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
-    settingsScript.print(F("toggle('rev');"));  // hide revert button on ESP8266
-    #endif
-  }
-
   if (subPage == SUBPAGE_2D) // 2D matrices
   {
     printSetFormValue(settingsScript,PSTR("SOMP"),strip.isMatrix);